Antioxidant and Antibacterial Potencies of Xanthoparmelia conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Hale and Dermatocarpon miniatum (L.) W. Mann. Lichens from Black Sea Region in Turkey

Year 2019, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 415 - 424, 15.07.2019

Zeynep Karaahmet Kadir Kınalıoğlu , Sinem Aydın

https://doi.org/10.17714/gumusfenbil.462040

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Antibacterial properties of Dermatocarpon miniatum
(L.) W. Mann and Xanthoparmelia conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Hale lichens were
investigated by disc diffusion and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)
methods. Antioxidant capacity of the lichens were examined by utilizing
2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, 2,2’Azino-bis
(3-ethylbenzenotiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity,
metal chelating activity, total antioxidant capacity, determination of total
phenolic and total flavonoid contents. Extracts were showed antibacterial
effect against all bacteria except for Escherichia coli and Salmonella
enterica. When compared antibacterial efficiency of the tested lichens, it is
concluded that X. conspersa lichen is more active than D. miniatum lichen. DPPH
radical scavenging activity of the extracts are increased in the following
order: ethanol extract of X. conspersa > acetone extract of D. miniatum >
ethanol extract of D. miniatum > acetone extract of X. conspersa. Studied
lichen extracts showed relatively weak metal chelating activity. According to
the obtained results, it is concluded that D. miniatum and X. conspersa lichen
extracts can be alternative antibacterial and antioxidant agents.

Keywords

Antibacterial Activity, Antibiotic, Antioxidant Activity, Lichen

Türkiye’de Karadeniz Bölgesi’ndeki Xanthoparmelia conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Hale and Dermatocarpon miniatum (L.) W. Mann. Likenlerinin Antioksidan ve Antibakteriyal Potansiyelleri

Abstract

Dermatocarpon
miniatum (L.) W. Mann ve Xanthoparmelia conspersa (Ehrh. Ex. Ach.) Hale
likenlerinin antibakteriyel özellikleri disk difüzyon ve Minimum İnhibitör Konsantrasyon
(MİK) yöntemleri ile araştırıldı. Likenlerin antioksidan kapasitesi,
2,2-difenil-1-pirilhidrazil (DPPH) radikal temizleme aktivitesi, 2,2'Azino-bis
(3-etilbenzenotiazolin-6-sülfonik asit (ABTS) radikali temizleme aktivitesi ve
metal şelatlama aktivitesi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Toplam antioksidan
kapasite toplam fenolik ve toplam flavonoid içeriğinin belirlenmesi yöntemleri
kullanılarak araştırıldı. Ekstraktlar Escherichia coli ve Salmonella enterica
dışındaki diğer tüm bakterilere karşı antibakteriyel etki göstermiştir. Test
edilen likenlerin antibakteriyel etkinliği karşılaştırıldığında, X. conspersa
likeninin D. miniatum likeninden daha aktif olduğu belirlenmiştir. D. miniatum
liken ekstraktların DPPH radikal temizleme aktiviteleri X. conspersa’nın etanol
ekstraktı> D. miniatum’un aseton ekstraktı> D. miniatum’un etanol
ekstraktı> X. conspersa’nın aseton ekstraktı şeklinde sıralanmıştır. Çalışılan
liken ekstraktları oldukça zayıf metal şelatlama aktivitesi göstermiştir.
Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar D. miniatum ve X. conspersa liken
ekstraktlarının antibakteriyel ve antioksidan ajanlara alternatif olarak
kullanılabileceklerini göstermektedir.

Keywords

Antibiyotik, Antibakteriyal Aktivite, Antioksidan Aktivite, Liken

References

• Aadesariya, M.K., Ram, V.R. and Dave, P.N., 2017. Evaluation of antioxidant activities by use of various extracts from Abutilon pannosum and Grewia tenax in the Kachchh Region. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Innovation, 1 (3), 97-112.
• Arnao, M.B., Cano, A. and Acosta, M., 2001. The hydrophilic and lipophilic contribution to total antioxidant activity. Food Chemistry, 73, 239-244.
• Aslan, A., Güllüce, M., Sökmen, M., Adıgüzel, A., Şahin, F. and Özkan, H., 2006. Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the lichens Cladonia foliacea, Dermatocarpon miniatum, Evernia divaricata, Evernia prunastri and Neofuscalia pulla. Pharmaceutical Biology, 44 (4), 247-252.
• Balasubramanian, M. and Nirmala, P. 2014a. Antimycobacterial activity of foliose lichens on plant and animal pathogens. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 5 (11), 4825-4831.
• Balasubramanian, M. and Nirmala, P. 2014b. Evaluation of anti-oxidant properties of foliose lichens. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 6 (9), 177-184.
• Brand-Williams, W., Cuvelier, M.E. and Berset, C., 1995. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant acitivity. LWT - Food Science and Technology, 28, 25-30.
• Buçukoğlu, T.Z., Albayrak, S., Halıcı, M.G. and Tay, T. 2013. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of extracts and lichen acids obtained from some Umbilicaria species from Central Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 37 (6), 1103-1110.
• Crawford, S.D. 2015. Lichens used in traditional medicine In: Rankovic B (ed) Lichen secondary metabolites, Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, pp 27-80.
• De Paz, G.A., Raggio, J., Gómez-Serranillos, M.P., Palomino, O.M., González-Burgos, E., Carretero, M.E. and Crespo, A. 2010. HPLC isolation of antioxidant constituents from Xanthoparmelia spp. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 53, 165–171.
• Duman, D.C. 2009. Türkiye’de bazı liken türlerindeki usnik asitin HPLC yöntemi ile değerlendirilmesi ve antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri. Turk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi, 66 (4), 153-160.
• El Hajaji, H,, Lachkar, N., Alaoui, K., Cherrah, Y., Farah, A., Ennabili, A., Bali, B.E. and Lachkar, M. 2010. Antioxidant properties and total phenolic content of three varieties of Carob tree leaves from Morocco. Records of Natural Products, 4 (4), 193-204.
• Gunasekaran, S., Rajan, V.P., Ramanathan, S., Murugaiyah, V., Samsudin, M.W. and Din, L.B. 2016. Antibacterial and antioxidant activity of lichens Usnea rubratincta, Ramalina dumeticola, Cladonia verticillata and their chemical constituents. Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, 20 (1), 1-13.
• Hossain, M.S., Uddin, M.S., Kabir, M.T., Begum, M.M., Koushal, P., Herrera-Calderon, O., Akter, R., Asaduzzaman, M. and Abdel-Daim, M.M. 2017 In vitro screening for phytochemicals and antioxidant activities of Syngonium podophyllum L.: An Incredible therapeutic plant. Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, 10 (3), 1267-1277.
• Jeon, H.S., Lökös, L., Han, K.S., Ryu, J.A., Kim, J.A., Koh, Y.J. and Hur, J.S. 2009. Isolation of lichen- forming fungi from Hungarian lichens and their antifungal activity against fungal pathogens of hot pepper anthracnose. The Plant Pathology Journal, 25 (1), 38-46.
• Joshi, J. and Sahu, O. 2014. Azadirachta Indica leaves as antibacterial treatment on drinking water. International Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2 (2), 36-40.
• Kumar, S., Dhankhar, S., Arya, V.P., Yadav, S. and Yadav, J.P. 2012. Antimicrobial activity of Salvadora oleoides Decne. against some microorganisms. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 6 (14), 2754-2760.
• Kumar, J., Dhar, P., Tayade, A.B., Gupta, D. , Chaurasia, O.P., Upreti, D.K., Arora, R. and Srivastava, R.B. 2014. Antioxidant capacities, phenolic profile and cytotoxic effects of saxicolous lichens from Trans-Himalayan cold desert of Ladakh. Plos One, 9 (6), 1-19.
• Laska, G. and Kiercul, S. 2014. Pharmacological activity of secondary metabolites isolated from Xanthoparmelia conspersa (Ehrh ex Ach.) Hale lichen. Planta Medica, 80-84.
• Loizzo, M.R., Tundis, R., Bonesi, M., Menichini, F., Mastellone, V., Avallone, L. and Meninchini, F. 2012. Radical scavenging, antioxidant and metal chelating activities of Annola cherimola Mill. peel and pulp in relation to their total phenolic and total flavonoid contents. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 25, 179-184.
• Mahesh, B. and Satish, S. 2008. Antimicrobial activity of some important medicinal plant against plant and human pathogens. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 4, 839-843.
• Manojlovic, N.T., Solujic, S. and Sukdolak, S. 2002. Antimicrobial activity of an extract and anthraquinones from Caloplaca schaereri. Lichenologist, 34 (1), 83–85.
• Marijana, K., Branislav, R. and Slobodan, S. 2010. Antimicrobial activity of the lichen Lecanora frustulosa and Parmeliopsis hyperopta and their divaricatic acid and zeorin constituents. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 4 (9), 885-890.
• Millot, M., Girardot, M., Dutreix, L., Mambu, L. and Imbert, C. 2017. Antifungal and anti-biofilm activities of acetone lichen extracts against Candida albicans. Molecules, 22, 651-662.
• Molnár, K. and Farkas, E. 2010. Current results on biological activities of lichen secondary metabolites: a review. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C, 65, 157-173.
• Murray, P.R., Baron, E.J., Pfaller, M.A., Tenovar, F.C. and Yolke, R.H. 1995. Manual of Clinical Microbiology. ASM Press, Washington DC, 2256 p.
• NCCLS (National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards) (1993). Performanc standards for antimicrobial disk suscebility test, Approved Standard pp. 2-6.
• Odabasoglu, F., Aslan, A., Cakir, M., Süleyman, H., Karagöz, Y., Bayır, Y. and Halici, M. 2005. Antioxidant activity, reducing power and total phenolic content of some lichen species. Fitoterapia, 76 (2), 216-219.
• Paudel, B., Bhattarai, H.D., Pandey, D.P., Hur, J.S., Hong, S.G., Kim, I. C. and Yim, J.H. 2012. Antioxidant, antibacterial activity and brine shrimp toxicity test of some mountainous lichens from Nepal. Biological Research, 45 (4), 387-391.
• Prieto, P., Pineda, M. and Aguiler, M. 1999. Spectrophotometric quantition of antioxidant capacity through the formation of a phosphomolybdenum complex: specific application to the determination of Vitamin E. Analytical Biochemistry, 269, 337-341.
• Rani, R., Sharma, D., Chaturvedi, M. and Yadav, J.P. 2017. Antibacterial activity of twenty different endophytic fungi isolated from Calotropis procera and time kill assay. Clinical Microbiology, 6, 280-286.
• Rankovic, B., Rankovic, D. and Maric, D. 2010. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of some lichen species. Microbiology, 79 (6), 809-815.
• Rebaya, A., Belghith, S.I., Baghdikian, B., Leddet, V.M., Mabrouki, F., Olivier, E., Cherif, J.K. and Ayadi, M.T. 2014 Total phenolic, total flavonoid, tannin content and antioxidant capacity of Halimium halimifolium (Cistaceae). Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 5 (1), 52-57.
• Reddey, A.R.K. and Grace, J.R. 2016. In Vitro evaluation of antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts of selected mangrove plants. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 5 (3), 1-5.
• Saenz, M.T., Garcia, M.D. and Rowe, J.G. 2006. Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical studies of some lichens from south of Spain. Fitoterapia, 77 (3), 156–159.
• Šarić, L., Čabarkapa, I., Beljkaš, B., Mišan, A., Sakač, M.B. and Plavšić, D. 2009. Antimicrobial activity of plant extracts from Serbia. Food Processing Quality and Safety, 1 (2), 1-5.
• Sharma, B.C. and Kalikotay, S. 2012. Screening of antioxidant activity of lichens Parmotrema reticulatum and Usnea sp. from Darjeeling hills, India. IOSR Journal of Pharmacy, 2 (6), 54-60.
• Sharma, P., Sharma, P.C., Patil, S., Sen, R. and Kumar, A. 2012. In vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity of extract from Parmelia and Dermatocarpon spp. of lichen against the MDR clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Advances in Pharmacology and Toxicology, 13 (1), 15-21.
• Sisodia, R., Geol, M., Verma, S., Rani, A. and Dureja, P. 2013. Antibacterial and antioxidant activity of lichen species Ramalina roesleri. Natural Product Researchs, 27 (23), 2235-2239.
• Slinkard, K. and Singleton, V.L. 1977. Total phenol analysis: automation and comparison with manual methods. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 28, 49-55.
• Smith, C.W., Aproot, A., Coppins, B.J., Fletcher, A., Gilbert, O.L., James, P.W. and Wolseley, P.A. 2009. The Lichens of Great Britain and Ireland. British Lichen Society, London, P. 1046 pp.
• Sökmen, B.B., Kınalıoğlu, S. and Aydın, S. 2018. Evaluation of antifungal potentials and antioxidant capacities of some foliose lichen species. Süleyman Demirel University Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 22 (1), 148-152.
• Yumrutas, Ö. and Saygıdeger, S.D. 2012. Determination of antioxidant and antimutagenic activities of Phlomis armeniaca and Mentha pulegium. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2 (1), 36-40.
• Yücel, O., Odabaşoğlu, F., Güllüce, M., Çalık, Z.Z., Çakır, A., Aslan, A., Yazıcı, K. and Halıcı, M. 2007. Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of a lichen species, Cladonia rangiformis growing in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Science, 4 (2), 101-109.
• Zhishen, J., Mengcheng, T. and Jianming, W. 1999. The determination of flavonoid contents in mulberry and their scavenging effects on superoxide radicals. Food Chemistry, 64, 555-559.