ETHANOL LEVELS OF THE NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES SOLD IN MARKETS IN TÜRKİYE

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 121 - 128, 31.03.2017

Semra Alkan Türkuçar Ömer Faruk Dolu Aylin Alevci Nesibe Arslan Burnaz Ayça Aktaş Karaçelık Hacer Doğan , Damla Polat Murat Küçük

Öz

Although ethanol is one of the basic chemicals used in many different fields, when included in the human diet, it has been one of the major subjects of discussion in terms of medical, social and religious issues due to its intoxicating and detrimental effects. The control of presence, amounts and effects of ethanol in beverages and foods is one of the important research fields. Regulations regarding non-alcoholic beverages vary among countries. In Türkiye, the highest allowable level of ethanol content is 3.0 g / L according to Non-alcoholic Beverages Notification of Turkish Food Codex (2007/26). Non-alcoholic beverages, according to the codex, are defined as the drinks that contain ethanol less than 0.3% by volume. In this study, colas, orange sodas, 100% fruit juices, fruit nectars, sodas with fruit aromas, energy drinks, ayran and kefir of the well-known brands were used as the non-alcoholic beverage samples. The test method TS 1594 of Turkish Standards Institution, Titrimetric Method of the Determination of Ethanol Content in Fruit and Vegetable Products, was used to determine the ethanol levels with a modification. The ethanol from the samples was distilled by hydrodistillation with Clevenger type distillation apparatus, which made the method more practical. The findings showed that the highest per thousand concentration of ethanol in the samples were as follows: colas 0.14, orange sodas 0.53, other fruit flavored sodas 0.88, energy products 0.47, fruit juices 1.46, and milk products 0.25. Ethanol levels of all the samples were found below the allowed limit according to the codex.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Non-Alcoholic Beverages, Ethanol, Hydrodistillation, Clevenger Distillation Apparatus

TÜRKİYE’ DE MARKETLERDE SATILAN ALKOLSÜZ İÇECEKLERİN ETANOL SEVİYELERİ

Öz

Etanol, birçok farklı alanda kullanılan temel
kimyasallardan biri olmasına rağmen, diyetle alındığında sarhoş edici ve
zararlı etkileri yüzünden tıbbi, sosyal ve dini konular bakımından önemli
tartışma konularından biri olmuştur. Gıdalardaki ve içeceklerdeki etanolün
varlığı, miktarı ve etkilerinin kontrolü önemli araştırma alanlarındandır.
Alkolsüz içeceklerle ilgili düzenlemeler ülkeden ülkeye farklılık gösterir.
Türkiye’de Türk Gıda Kodeksi Alkolsüz İçecekler Tebliği’ne (2007/26) göre izin
verilen en yüksek etanol miktarı 3,0 g/L’dir. Kodekse göre, hacimce % 0,3’ den
daha az etanol içeren içecekler, alkolsüz içecekler olarak tanımlanır. Bu
çalışmada; kolalar, portakallı sodalar, %100 meyve suları, meyve nektarları,
meyve aromalı sodalar, enerji içecekleri, ayran ve kefirin bilinen markaları
alkolsüz içecek test numunesi olarak kullanıldı. Bu amaçla, Türk Standartları
Enstitüsü’nün TS 1594 Meyve ve Sebze Ürünleri Etanol Muhtevası Tayininin
Titrimetrik Yöntemi bir değişiklik yapılarak kullanıldı. Numunelerdeki etanol
Clevenger tipi destilasyon aparatıyla hidrodestilasyonla destillendi, ki bu
uygulama yöntemi daha uygulanabilir hale getirmiştir. Numunelerde bulunan en
yüksek binde etanol konsantrasyonları sırayla kolalarda 0,14,  portakallı kolalarda 0,53, meyve aromalı
sodalarda 0,88, enerji içeceklerinde 0,47, meyve sularında 1,46 ve süt
ürünlerinde 0,25 olarak bulundu. Bütün numunelerin etanol seviyesi kodekste
izin verilen sınırın altında bulundu.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Alkolsüz İçecekler, Etanol, Hidrodestilasyon, Clevenger Destilasyon Sistemi

Kaynakça

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