COVID-19 Aşı Okuryazarlığı ve COVID-19 Aşısına Yönelik Tutumları Etkileyen Faktörler

Year 2022, Volume: 11 Issue: 3, 1041 - 1050, 27.09.2022

Sevda Korkut , Türkan Ülker , Aysun Çidem

https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1051425

Cited By: 3

Abstract

Koronavirüs hastalığı 2019’u (COVID-19) yenmenin en etkili yolunun dünyadaki popülâsyonların toplu olarak aşılanması olduğu konusunda geniş bir fikir birliği bulunmaktadır. Bireylerin aşılamaya ilişkin tutumları aşı okuryazarlığından etkilenmektedir. Bu çalışma COVID-19 aşı okuryazarlığı ve COVID-19 aşısına yönelik tutumları etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Tanımlayıcı tipteki bu araştırma 472 kişinin katılımı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma verilerinin toplanmasında Tanıtıcı Özellikler Anket Formu, COVID-19 Aşı Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği ve COVID-19 Aşısına Yönelik Tutumlar Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Veriler Google Formlar aracılığıyla oluşturulan elektronik veri toplama formları ile toplanmıştır.
Katılımcıların COVID-19 Aşı Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması ile fonksiyonel aşı okuryazarlığı ve iletişimsel/eleştirel aşı okuryazarlığı alt boyut puan ortalamalarının sırasıyla 2,90±0,45, 2,74±0,71 ve 2,98±0,62 olduğu belirlenmiştir. COVID-19 Aşısına Yönelik Tutumlar Ölçeği puan ortalamasının ise 3,47±0,65, olumlu tutum alt boyut puan ortalamasının 3,58±1,01 ve olumsuz tutum alt boyut puan ortalamasının 3,39±0,54 olduğu saptanmıştır. COVID-19 Aşı Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği toplam puanı ile COVID-19 Aşısına Yönelik Tutumlar Ölçeği toplam puanı, COVID-19 aşısına yönelik olumlu tutumlar ve olumsuz tutumlar alt boyut puanları arasında zayıf düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmıştır (p<0,01).
Katılımcıların COVID-19 aşı okuryazarlığı ve COVID-19 aşısına yönelik tutum skorlarının orta düzeyin üzerinde olduğu saptanmıştır. Katılımcıların COVID-19 aşı okuryazarlığı düzeyi arttıkça COVID-19 aşısına yönelik hem olumlu hem olumsuz tutum skorlarının arttığı belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

Aşı, Aşı okuryazarlığı, Covid-19, Okuryzarlık, Tutumlar

Supporting Institution

-

Project Number

-

Thanks

-

Factors Affecting COVID-19 Vaccine Literacy and Attitudes Towards COVID-19 Vaccine

Abstract

There is broad consensus that the most effective way to overcome the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is to vaccinate populations around the world collectively. Individuals' attitudes towards vaccination are affected by vaccination literacy. This research was conducted to determine the factors affecting COVID-19 vaccine literacy and attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccine.
This descriptive study was conducted with the participation of 472 people. The Descriptive Characteristics Questionnaire, the COVID-19 Vaccine Literacy Scale and the Attitudes towards the COVID-19 Vaccine Scale were used to collect the data of the study. Data were collected with electronic data collection forms created through Google Forms.
It was determined that the mean total scores of the participants on the COVID-19 Vaccine Literacy Scale and the functional vaccine literacy and interactive/critical vaccine literacy subscale scores were 2.90±0.45, 2.74±0.71 and 2.98±0.62, respectively. The mean score of the Attitudes Towards the COVID-19 Vaccine Scale was 3.47±0.65, the mean score of the positive and negative attitude subscale were 3.58±1.01 and 3.39±0.54, respectively. A weakly significant correlation was found between the total score of the COVID-19 Vaccine Literacy Scale and the total score of the Attitudes Toward COVID-19 Vaccine Scale, the scores of the positive and negative attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine subscale (p<0.01).
It was determined that the COVID-19 vaccine literacy and attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine of the participants were above the moderate level. It was determined that as the COVID-19 vaccine literacy level of the participants increased, both positive and negative attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine increased.
Keywords: Attitudes, COVID-19, Literacy, Vaccine, Vaccine literacy

Keywords

Attitudes, COVID-19, Literacy, Vaccine, Vaccine Literacy

Project Number

-

References

• 1. Helmy, Y.A, Fawzy, M, Elaswad, A, Sobieh, A, Kenney, S.P. and Shehata, A.A. (2020). “The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comprehensive Review of Taxonomy, Genetics, Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Control”. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9 (4), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9041225
• 2. World Health Organization (March 11, 2020). “Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report-51”. Available at: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation -reports/20200311-sitrep-51-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=1ba62e57_10 . (Available Date: 30.10.2021)
• 3. Phua, J, Weng, L, Ling, L, Egi, M, Lim, C.M, Divatia, J.V, Shrestha, B.R, Arabi Y.M, Ng, J, Gomersall, C.D, Nishimura, M, Koh, Y, Du, B. and Asian Critical Care Clinical Trials Group. (2020). “Intensive Care Management of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Challenges and Recommendations”. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 8 (5), 506-517. https://doi.org/10. 1016/S2213-2600(20)30161-2
• 4. Nicola, M, Alsafi, Z, Sohrabi, C, Kerwan, A, Al-Jabir A, Iosifidis, C, Agha, M. and Agha, R. (2020). “The Socio-Economic Implications of the Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19): A Review”. International Journal of Surgery, 78, 185-193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.04.018
• 5. Pak, A, Adegboye, O.A, Adekunle, A.I, Rahman, K.M, McBryde, E.S. and Eisen D.P. (2020). “Economic Consequences of the COVID-19 Outbreak: The Need for Epidemic Preparedness”. Front Public Health, 8, 506-517. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00241
• 6. Harrison, E.A. and Wu, J.W. (2020). “Vaccine Confidence in the Time of COVID-19”. European Journal of Epidemiology, 35 (4), 325-330. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-020-00634-3
• 7. Andre, F.E, Booy, R, Bock, H.L, Clemens, J, Datta, S.K, John, T.J, Lee, B.W, Lolekha, S, Peltola, H, Ruff, T.A, Santosham, M. and Schmitt, H.J. (2008). “Vaccination Greatly Reduces Disease, Disability, Death and Inequity Worldwide”. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 86 (2), 140-146. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.07.040089
• 8. Enhancing Public Trust in Covid-19 Vaccination: The role of Governments © OECD 2021. OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19). Available at: https://www.oecd.org/coronavirus/policy-responses/enhancing-public-trust-in-covid-19-vaccination-the-role-of-governments-eae0ec5a/. Available Date: 10 May 2021.
• 9. Clemente-Suárez, V.J, Hormeño-Holgado, A, Jiménez, M, Benitez-Agudelo, J.C, Navarro-Jiménez, E, Perez-Palencia, N, Maestre-Serrano, R, Laborde-Cárdenas, C.C. and Tornero-Aguilera, J.F. (2020). “Dynamics of Population Immunity Due to the Herd Effect in the COVID-19 Pandemic”. Vaccines (Basel), 8 (2), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8020236
• 10. Paul, E, Steptoe, A. and Fancourt, D. (2020). “Anti-Vaccine Attitudes and Risk Factors for Not Agreeing to Vaccination Against COVID-19 Amongst 32,361 UK Adults: Implications for Public Health Communications”. Available at: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.10.21.20216218v1.full.pdf. (Available Date: 10 May 2021)
• 11. Montagni, I, Ouazzani-Touhami, K, Mebarki, A, Texier, N, Schück, S, Tzourion, C. and the CONFINS Group. (2021). “Acceptance of A Covid-19 Vaccine Is Associated with Ability to Detect Fake News and Health Literacy”. Journal of Public Health, 43(4), 695-702. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/ fdab028
• 12. Geana, M.V, Anderson, S. and Ramaswamy, M. (2021). “COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Women Leaving Jails: A Qualitative Study”. Public Health Nursing, 38 (5), 892-896. https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.12922
• 13. Turhan, Z, Dilcen, H.Y. and Dolu, İ. (2021). “The Mediating Role of Health Literacy on the Relationship Between Health Care System Distrust and Vaccine Hesitancy During COVID-19 Pandemic”. Current Psychology, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02105-8
• 14. Biasio, L.R, Bonaccorsi, G, Lorini, C. and Pecorelli, S. (2021). “Assessing COVID-19 Vaccine Literacy: A Preliminary Online Survey”. Human Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, 17 (5), 1304-1312. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2020.1829315
• 15. Ratzan, S.C. (2011). “Vaccine literacy: A New Shot for Advancing Health”. Journal of Health Communication, 16 (3), 227-229. https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2011.561726
• 16. Rowlands, G. (2014). “Health Literacy: Ways to Maximise the Impact and Effectiveness of Vaccination Information”. Human Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, 10 (7), 2130-2135. https://doi.org/10.4161/hv.29603
• 17. Ishikawa, H, Takeuchi, T. and Yano, E. (2008). “Measuring Functional, Communicative, and Critical Health Literacy Among Diabetic Patients”. Diabetes Care, 31 (5), 874-879. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc07-1932
• 18. Durmuş, A, Akbolat, M. ve Amarat, M. (2021). “COVID-19 Aşı Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği’nin Türkçe Geçerlilik ve Güvenirliliği”. Cukurova Medical Journal, 46 (2), 732-741. https://doi.org/10. 17826/cumj.870432
• 19. Geniş, B, Gürhan, N, Koç, M, Geniş, Ç, Şirin, B, Çırakoğlu, O.C. and Coşar, B. (2020). “Development of Perception and Attitude Scales Related with COVID-19 Pandemia”. Pearson Journal of Social Sciences-Humanities, 5 (7), 306-328. https://doi.org/10. 46872/pj.127
• 20. Michel, J.P. and Goldberg, J. (2021). “Education, Healthy Ageing and Vaccine Literacy”. The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging, 25 (5), 698-701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12603-021-1627-1
• 21. Biasio, L.R, Bonaccorsi, G, Lorini, C, Mazzini, D. and Pecorelli, S. (2021). “Italian Adults’ Likelihood of Getting COVID-19 Vaccine: A Second Online Survey”. Vaccines, 9 (3), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9030268
• 22. Costantini, H. (2021). “COVID-19 Vaccine Literacy of Family Carers for Their Older Parents in Japan”. Healthcare, 9 (8), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9081038
• 23. Gusar, I, Konjevoda, S, Babić, G, Hnatešen, D, Čebohin, M, Orlandini, R. and Dželalija, B. (2021). “Pre-Vaccination COVID-19 Vaccine Literacy in A Croatian Adult Population: A Cross-Sectional Study”. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18 (13), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18137073
• 24. Demir Uslu, Y, Yılmaz, E. ve Altun, U. (2021). “Sağlık Yönetimi ve İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi Öğrencilerinin Covid-19'un Kontrolüne ve Aşısına Yönelik Algı ve Tutumlarının Değerlendirilmesi”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 10 (3), 383-397. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil. 908459
• 25. Bulca Acar, A, Nur Eke, R. and Özen, M. (2021). “An Analysis of the Attitudes of Family Physicians Towards the COVID-19 Vaccine”. Konuralp Medical Journal, 13 (S1), 429-437. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.880762
• 26. Leos-Toro, C, Ribeaud, D, Bechtiger, L, Steinhoff, A, Nivette, A, Murray, A.L, Hepp, U, Quednow, B.B, Eisner, M.P. and Shanahan, L. (2021). “Attitudes Toward COVID-19 Vaccination Among Young Adults in Zurich, Switzerland, September 2020”. International Journal of Public Health, 66, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2021.643486
• 27. Nguyen, H.T, Do, B.N, Pham, K.M, Kim, G.B, Dam, H.T.B, Nguyen, T.T, Nguyen, T.T.P, Nguyen, Y.H, Sørensen, K, Pleasant, A. and Duong, T.V. (2020). “Fear of COVID-19 Scale—Associations of Its Scores With Health Literacy and Health-Related Behaviors Among Medical Students”. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17 (11), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17114164
• 28. Mercadante, A.R. and Law, A.V. (2021). “Will They, or Won't They? Examining Patients' Vaccine Intention for Flu and COVID-19 Using the Health Belief Model”. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 17 (9), 1596-1605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.12.012
• 29. Biasio, L.R. (2019). Vaccine Literacy is Undervalued. Human Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, 15 (11), 2552-2553. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2019.1609850