Retraction:
The Relationship Between Propionic Acid and Autism Spectrum Disorder
Year 2023,
Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 1464 - 1473, 26.09.2023
İbrahim Hakkı Çağıran
,
Adviye Gülçin Sağdıçoğlu Celep
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a compound brain development disorder of uncertain etiology and pathophysiology. In addition to environmental factors, genetic factors also affect the pathophysiology of ASD. Propionic acid (PA), which is used as a food additive and drug, can affect the genetic processes of brain development through the modulation of molecular pathways. Propionic acid causes the formation of ASD by causing mTOR/Gskβ, cytokine imbalance and disruption of developmental molecular pathways in the prenatal and neonatal period. This review was made to investigate the possible effects of PA.
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Retraction:
Propiyonik Asit ve Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu İlişkisi
Year 2023,
Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 1464 - 1473, 26.09.2023
İbrahim Hakkı Çağıran
,
Adviye Gülçin Sağdıçoğlu Celep
Abstract
Otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB), etiyolojisi ve patofizyolojisi belirsiz olan bileşik bir beyin gelişimi bozukluğudur. OSB patofizyolojisinde çevresel faktörlerin yanında genetik faktörler de etki etmektedir. Gıda katkı maddesi ve ilaç olarak kullanılmakta olan propiyonik asit (PA) moleküler yolların modülasyonu yoluyla beyin gelişiminin genetik süreçlerini etkileyebilmektedir. Propiyonik asit, prenatal ve neonatal dönemde mTOR/Gskβ, sitokin dengesizliğine ve gelişimsel moleküler yollarının bozulmasına neden olarak OSB’nin oluşmasına neden olur. Bu derleme, PA’nın olası etkilerini araştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır.
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10, https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2016.00191
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- 8. Dantzer, R. (2009). “Cytokine, Sickness Behavior, and Depression”. Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America. 29, 247-264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iac.2009.02.002
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- 10. Macfabe, D, Caın, D, Rodrıguezcapote, K, Franklın, A, Hoffman, J, Boon, F, Taylor, A, Kavalıers, M. and Ossenkopp, K. (2007). “Neurobiological Effects of Intraventricular Propionic Acid In Rats: Possible Role of Short Chain Fatty Acids On The Pathogenesis And Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorders”. Behavioural Brain Research, 176, 149-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2006.07.025
- 11. El-Ansary, A, Bacha, A, Bjørklund, G, Al-Orf, N, Bhat, R.S, Moubayed, N. and Abed, K. (2018). “Probiotic Treatment Reduces The Autistic-Like Excitation/Inhibition Imbalance in Juvenile Hamsters Induced By Orally Administered Propionic Acid and Clindamycin”. Metabolic Brain Disease, 33, 1155-1164. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-018-0212-8
- 12. MacFabe, D.F. (2015). “Enteric Short-Chain Fatty Acids: Microbial Messengers of Metabolism, Mitochondria, and Mind: Implications in Autism Spectrum Disorders”. Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease, 26, https://doi.org/10.3402/mehd.v26.28177.
- 13. Masi, A, Glozier, N, Dale, R. and Guastella, A.J. (2017). “The Immune System, Cytokines, and Biomarkers in Autism Spectrum Disorder”. Neuroscience Bulletin, 33, 194-204. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12264-017-0103-8
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