Research Article
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The Effects of Endurance Training on Fluid Balance and Performance Parameters in Swimmers

Year 2024, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 400 - 408, 27.03.2024

Kürşat Acar , Ahmet Mor , Hakkı Mor , Fatih Karakaş , Ali Kerim Yılmaz , Erkal Arslanoğlu

https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1321602

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the fluid balance and selected performance parameters after endurance training in swimmers. Thirty volunteer athletes aged 11–14, active swimmers, were enrolled in this study. In accordance with the theoretical framework of the research, the athletes were randomly divided into 3 groups as isotonic (n=10), placebo (n=10), and control (n=10). Before and during the endurance training, isotonic sports drink was given to the isotonic drink group, water was given to the placebo group, and no liquid supplement was given to the control group. Before and after training, fluid balance, body temperature, auditory reaction time, balance, vertical jump, and anaerobic power tests were applied to the athletes. The data obtained were calculated using the Mixed-Design Anova in repeated measurements in accordance with the research objectives. When the pre-test and post-test data of the isotonic, placebo, and control groups were compared, statistically significant differences were found in vertical jump-anaerobic power, body temperature, and balance test parameters (p<0.05), while no significance was found in other parameters (p>0.05). Ultimately, it was concluded that fluid supplementation applied to the athletes did not affect performance in vertical jump and anaerobic power, balance, and auditory reaction time tests. Considering the data obtained, it is thought that these results are due to the similar characteristics of the body hydration levels of the groups.

Keywords

Dietary supplement Endurance training Hydration Isotonic drink Swimming

Project Number

SBF-1901-21-002

References

  • 1. VanHeest, J.L, Rodgers, C.D, Mahoney, C.E. and De Souza, M.J. (2014). “Ovarian Suppression İmpairs Sport Performance in Junior Elite Female Swimmers”. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 46 (1), 156-166. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182a32b72
  • 2. Hassapidou, M.N, Valasiadou, V, Tzioumakis, L, and Vrantza, P. (2002). “Nutrient Intake and Anthropometric Characteristics of Adolescent Greek Swimmers”. Nutrition and Dietetics: The Journal of the Dietitians Association of Australia, 59 (1), 38-43.
  • 3. Bean, A. and Wojtczak, E. (2014). “Żywienie w sporcie: kompletny przewodnik”. Zysk i S-ka Wydawnictwo.
  • 4. Maughan, R.J. and Nadel, E.R. (2000). “Temperature Regulation and Fluid and Electrolyte Balance”. In: Maughan, R.J (Ed). Nutrition in Sport (203). Boston, Massachusetts, USA: Blackwell Publishing Company.
  • 5. Maughan, R. and Shirreffs, S. (2004). “Exercise in The Heat: Challenges and Opportunities”. Journal of Sports Sciences, 22 (10), 917-927. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410400005909
  • 6. Armstrong, L.E. (2005). “Hydration Assessment Techniques”. Nutrition Reviews, 63 (1), 40-54.
  • 7. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.2005.tb00153.x
  • 8. Paker, H.S. (1996). “Besinlerin Yenebilen 100 gramlarının Enerji ve Besin Öğeleri Değerleri, Sporda Beslenme”. Ankara: Gen Matbaacılık ve Reklamcılık.
  • 9. Von Duvillard, S.P, Braun, W. A, Markofski, M, Beneke, R. and Leithäuser, R. (2004). “Fluids and Hydration in Prolonged Endurance Performance”. Nutrition, 20(7-8), 651-656. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2004.04.011
  • 10. McDermott, B.P, Casa, D.J, Yeargin, S.W, Ganio, M.S, Lopez, R.M. and Mooradian, E.A. (2009). “Hydration Status, Sweat Rates, and Rehydration Education of Youth Football Campers”. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 18 (4), 535-552.
  • 11. Barret, K, Barman, S, Boitano, S. and Brokks, H. (2010). “Gangong Fisiología Médica”. México D.F: Mac Graw Hill.
  • 12. Palacios Gil-Antuñano, N, Franco Bonafonte, L, Manonelles Marqueta, P, Manuz González, B. and Villegas García, J.A. (2008). “Consenso Sobre Bebidas Para El Deportista. Composición Y Pautas De Reposición De Liquidos. Documento De Consenso De La Federación Española De Medicina Del Deporte”. Archıvos De Medıcına Del Deport, 25 (126), 245-258.
  • 13. Yapıcı A, Kavruk, H. ve Çelik, E. (2017). “Yüzücülerde Eşik Dayanıklılık Antrenmanı (End-2) Sonucunda Oluşan Dehidrasyonun Performans Üzerine Etkileri ve Vücut Hidrasyon Düzeyinin İncelenmesi”. Uluslararası Kültürel ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 3 (Özel sayı 2), 372-381.
  • 14. Johannsen, N.M. and Earnest, C.P. (2015). “Fluid balance and hydration for human performance”. In: Greenwood, M, Cooke, M, Ziegenfuss, T, Kalman, D. and Antonio, J. (Edts.) Nutritional Supplements in Sports and Exercise (105-119). Switzerland: Springer
  • 15. Bardis, C.N, Kavouras, S.A, Arnaoutis, G, Panagiotakos, D.B. and Sidossis, L.S. (2013). “Mild Dehydration and Cycling Performance During 5-Kilometer Hill Climbing”. Journal of Athletic Training, 48 (6), 741-747. https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-48.5.01
  • 16. Maughan, R.J. (2003). “Impact of Mild Dehydration on Wellness and on Exercise Performance”. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 57 (2), 19-23. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601897
  • 17. Yıldız, S.A. ve Arzuman, P. (2009). “Sıcak Ortamda Egzersiz”. İstanbul Tabip Odası Klinik Gelişim Dergisi, (22), 10–15.
  • 18. Walsh, N.P, Laing, S.J, Oliver, S.J, Montague, J.C, Walters, R. and Bilzon, J.L. (2004). “Saliva Parameters as Potential İndices of Hydration Status During Acute Dehydration”. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 36 (9), 1535-1542. https://doi.org/ 10.1249/01.mss.0000139797.26760.06
  • 19. Moon, J.R, Tobkin, S.E, Roberts, M.D, Dalbo, V.J, Kerksick, C.M, Bemben, M.G. and Stout, J.R. (2008). “Total Body Water Estimations in Healthy Men and Women Using Bioimpedance Spectroscopy: A Deuterium Oxide Comparison”. Nutrition and Metabolism, 5 (1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-7075-5-7
  • 20. Mor, A, İpekoǧlu, G, Arslanoǧlu, E, Arslanoǧlu, C. ve Acar, K. (2018). “The Acute Effects of Combined Supplementation of Beta-Alanine, Carbohydrate and Whey Protein on Biochemical Parameters of Athletes After Exhaustive Exercise”. Progress in Nutrition, 20 (3), 329-337. https://doi.org/10.23751/pn.v20i3.6689
  • 21. Shirreffs, S.M. (2003). “The Optimal Sports Drink”. Sportmed Sporttraumatol. 51 (1), 25-29
  • 22. Coombes, J.S. and Hamilton, K.L. (2000). “The Effectiveness of Commercially Available Sports Drinks”. Sports Medicine, 29 (3), 181-209. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200029030-00004
  • 23. Shirreffs, S.M. (2003). “Markers of Hydration Status”. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 57 (2), 6-9. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601895
  • 24. Roy, B.D. (2008). “Milk: The New Sports drink? A review”. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition; 5 (15), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-5-15
  • 25. Mor, A, Karakaş, F, Mor, H, Yurtseven, R. Yılmaz, A.K. ve Acar, K. (2022). “Genç Futbolcularda Direnç Bandı Egzersizlerinin Bazı Performans Parametrelerine Etkisi”. SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 20 (3), 128-142. https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.1095371
  • 26. Fox, E, Bowers, R, and Foss, M. (2012). “Beden Eğitimi ve Sporun Fizyolojik Temelleri”. (1. Baskı). (M Cerit, Ed.). Ankara: Spor Yayınevi.
  • 27. Hultman, E, Bergström, J. and Anderson, N.M. (1967). “Breakdown and Resynthesis of Phosphorylcreatine and Adenosine Triphosphate in Connection with Muscular Work in Man”. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation, 19 (1), 56-66. https://doi.org/10.3109/00365516709093481
  • 28. Edwards, A.M. and Noakes, T.D. (2009). Dehydration: Cause of Fatigue or Sign of Pacing in Elite Soccer? Sports Medicine, 39 (1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200939010-00001
  • 29. Meijen, C. and Marcora, S. (2015). Psychological Determinants Of Whole-Body Endurance Performance. Sports Medicine, 45 (7), 997-1015. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-015-0319-6
  • 30. Wiśniewski, D, Śliwicka, E, Malik, J. and Durkalec-Michalski, K. (2021). “Evaluation of Fluid Loss and Customary Fluid İntake Among A Selected Group of Young Swimmers: A Preliminary Field Study”. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18 (6), 3205. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063205
  • 31. Briars, G.L, Gordon, G.S, Lawrence, A, Turner, A, Perry, S, Pillbrow, D. and Molyneux, P. (2017). “Swim Drink Study: A Randomised Controlled Trial of During-Exercise Rehydration And Swimming Performance”. BMJ Paediatrics Open, 1 (1). http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2017-000075
  • 32. Geraldini, S, Cruz, I.D.F, Romero, A, Fonseca, F.L.A. and Campos, M.P.D. (2017). “Isotonic Sports Drink Promotes Rehydration and Decreases Proteinuria Following Karate Training”. Brazilian Journal of Nephrology, 39, 362-369. https://doi.org/10.5935/0101-2800.2017006
  • 33. Coso, J.D, Estevez, E., Baquero, R.A. and Mora-Rodriguez, R. (2008). “Anaerobic Performance When Rehydrating With Water or Commercially Available Sports Drinks During Prolonged Exercise İn The Heat”. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 33 290-298. https://doi.org/10.1139/H07-188
  • 34. Hoffman, J.R, Stavsky, H. and Folk, B. (1995). “The Effect Of Water Restriction on Anaerobic Power and Vertical Jumping Height in Basketball Players”. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 16 (04), 214-218. https://doi.org:10.1055/s-2007-972994
  • 35. Moreno, I.L, Pastre, C.M, Ferreira, C, de Abreu, L.C, Valenti, V.E. and Vanderlei, L.C.M. (2013). “Effects of an İsotonic Beverage on Autonomic Regulation During and After Exercise”. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 10 (1), 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-10-2
  • 36. Smith, M.S, Dyson, R.J, Hale, T. and Janaway, L. (2000). “Development of A Boxing Dynamometer and İts Punch Force Discrimination Efficacy”. Journal of Sports Sciences, 18 (6), 445-450. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410050074377
  • 37. Casa, D.J, Stearns, R.L, Lopez, R.M, Ganio, M.S, McDermott, B.P, Walker-Yeargin, S. and Maresh, C.M. (2010). “Influence of Hydration on Physiological Function And Performance During Trail Running in The Heat”. Journal of Athletic Training, 45 (2), 147–156. https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-45.2.147 38. Wittbrodt, M.T. and Millard-Stafford, M. (2018). Dehydration İmpairs Cognitive Performance: A Meta Analysis. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 50 (11), 2360-2368. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001682

Yüzücülerde Dayanıklılık Antrenmanının Sıvı Dengesi ve Performans Parametrelerine Etkisi

Year 2024, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 400 - 408, 27.03.2024

Kürşat Acar , Ahmet Mor , Hakkı Mor , Fatih Karakaş , Ali Kerim Yılmaz , Erkal Arslanoğlu

https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1321602

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı yüzücülerde dayanıklılık antrenmanı sonrası oluşan sıvı dengesi ve seçili performans parametrelerinin değerlendirilmesidir. Araştırmaya 11-14 yaş grubu, aktif yüzücü olan 30 gönüllü sporcu dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmanın teorik çerçevesine uygun olarak sporcular rastgele izotonik (n=10), plasebo (n=10) ve kontrol (n=10) olmak üzere 3 gruba ayrılmıştır. Çalışmada, izotonik içecek grubuna dayanıklılık antrenmanı öncesi ve esnasında izotonik sporcu içeceği, plasebo grubuna su verilirken, kontrol grubuna ise herhangi bir sıvı takviyesi yapılmamıştır. Antrenman öncesi ve sonrası sporculara; sıvı dengesi, vücut ısısı, işitsel reaksiyon zamanı, denge, dikey sıçrama (DS) ve anaerobik güç (AG) testleri uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgular, araştırmanın amaçları doğrultusunda tekrarlı ölçümlerde Karma Desenli Anova testi ile hesaplanmıştır. İzotonik, plasebo ve kontrol gruplarının ön ve son test verileri karşılaştırıldığında dikey sıçrama-anaerobik güç, vücut ısısı ve denge testi parametrelerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklara rastlanırken (p<0,05), diğer parametrelerde herhangi bir anlamlılık bulunmamıştır (p>0,05). Araştırma sonucunda, sporculara yapılan sıvı takviyelerinin dikey sıçrama ve anaerobik güç, denge ve işitsel reaksiyon zamanı performans parametrelerini etkilemediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler dikkate alındığında, grupların vücut hidrasyon düzeylerinin benzer özellikler göstermesinin bu sonuçların ortaya çıkmasında etkili olduğu düşünülmektedir

Keywords

Besin takviyesi Dayanıklılık antrenmanı Hidrasyon İzotonik içecek Yüzme

Supporting Institution

Sinop Üniversitesi BAP

Project Number

SBF-1901-21-002

Thanks

-

References

  • 1. VanHeest, J.L, Rodgers, C.D, Mahoney, C.E. and De Souza, M.J. (2014). “Ovarian Suppression İmpairs Sport Performance in Junior Elite Female Swimmers”. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 46 (1), 156-166. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182a32b72
  • 2. Hassapidou, M.N, Valasiadou, V, Tzioumakis, L, and Vrantza, P. (2002). “Nutrient Intake and Anthropometric Characteristics of Adolescent Greek Swimmers”. Nutrition and Dietetics: The Journal of the Dietitians Association of Australia, 59 (1), 38-43.
  • 3. Bean, A. and Wojtczak, E. (2014). “Żywienie w sporcie: kompletny przewodnik”. Zysk i S-ka Wydawnictwo.
  • 4. Maughan, R.J. and Nadel, E.R. (2000). “Temperature Regulation and Fluid and Electrolyte Balance”. In: Maughan, R.J (Ed). Nutrition in Sport (203). Boston, Massachusetts, USA: Blackwell Publishing Company.
  • 5. Maughan, R. and Shirreffs, S. (2004). “Exercise in The Heat: Challenges and Opportunities”. Journal of Sports Sciences, 22 (10), 917-927. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410400005909
  • 6. Armstrong, L.E. (2005). “Hydration Assessment Techniques”. Nutrition Reviews, 63 (1), 40-54.
  • 7. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.2005.tb00153.x
  • 8. Paker, H.S. (1996). “Besinlerin Yenebilen 100 gramlarının Enerji ve Besin Öğeleri Değerleri, Sporda Beslenme”. Ankara: Gen Matbaacılık ve Reklamcılık.
  • 9. Von Duvillard, S.P, Braun, W. A, Markofski, M, Beneke, R. and Leithäuser, R. (2004). “Fluids and Hydration in Prolonged Endurance Performance”. Nutrition, 20(7-8), 651-656. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2004.04.011
  • 10. McDermott, B.P, Casa, D.J, Yeargin, S.W, Ganio, M.S, Lopez, R.M. and Mooradian, E.A. (2009). “Hydration Status, Sweat Rates, and Rehydration Education of Youth Football Campers”. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 18 (4), 535-552.
  • 11. Barret, K, Barman, S, Boitano, S. and Brokks, H. (2010). “Gangong Fisiología Médica”. México D.F: Mac Graw Hill.
  • 12. Palacios Gil-Antuñano, N, Franco Bonafonte, L, Manonelles Marqueta, P, Manuz González, B. and Villegas García, J.A. (2008). “Consenso Sobre Bebidas Para El Deportista. Composición Y Pautas De Reposición De Liquidos. Documento De Consenso De La Federación Española De Medicina Del Deporte”. Archıvos De Medıcına Del Deport, 25 (126), 245-258.
  • 13. Yapıcı A, Kavruk, H. ve Çelik, E. (2017). “Yüzücülerde Eşik Dayanıklılık Antrenmanı (End-2) Sonucunda Oluşan Dehidrasyonun Performans Üzerine Etkileri ve Vücut Hidrasyon Düzeyinin İncelenmesi”. Uluslararası Kültürel ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 3 (Özel sayı 2), 372-381.
  • 14. Johannsen, N.M. and Earnest, C.P. (2015). “Fluid balance and hydration for human performance”. In: Greenwood, M, Cooke, M, Ziegenfuss, T, Kalman, D. and Antonio, J. (Edts.) Nutritional Supplements in Sports and Exercise (105-119). Switzerland: Springer
  • 15. Bardis, C.N, Kavouras, S.A, Arnaoutis, G, Panagiotakos, D.B. and Sidossis, L.S. (2013). “Mild Dehydration and Cycling Performance During 5-Kilometer Hill Climbing”. Journal of Athletic Training, 48 (6), 741-747. https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-48.5.01
  • 16. Maughan, R.J. (2003). “Impact of Mild Dehydration on Wellness and on Exercise Performance”. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 57 (2), 19-23. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601897
  • 17. Yıldız, S.A. ve Arzuman, P. (2009). “Sıcak Ortamda Egzersiz”. İstanbul Tabip Odası Klinik Gelişim Dergisi, (22), 10–15.
  • 18. Walsh, N.P, Laing, S.J, Oliver, S.J, Montague, J.C, Walters, R. and Bilzon, J.L. (2004). “Saliva Parameters as Potential İndices of Hydration Status During Acute Dehydration”. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 36 (9), 1535-1542. https://doi.org/ 10.1249/01.mss.0000139797.26760.06
  • 19. Moon, J.R, Tobkin, S.E, Roberts, M.D, Dalbo, V.J, Kerksick, C.M, Bemben, M.G. and Stout, J.R. (2008). “Total Body Water Estimations in Healthy Men and Women Using Bioimpedance Spectroscopy: A Deuterium Oxide Comparison”. Nutrition and Metabolism, 5 (1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-7075-5-7
  • 20. Mor, A, İpekoǧlu, G, Arslanoǧlu, E, Arslanoǧlu, C. ve Acar, K. (2018). “The Acute Effects of Combined Supplementation of Beta-Alanine, Carbohydrate and Whey Protein on Biochemical Parameters of Athletes After Exhaustive Exercise”. Progress in Nutrition, 20 (3), 329-337. https://doi.org/10.23751/pn.v20i3.6689
  • 21. Shirreffs, S.M. (2003). “The Optimal Sports Drink”. Sportmed Sporttraumatol. 51 (1), 25-29
  • 22. Coombes, J.S. and Hamilton, K.L. (2000). “The Effectiveness of Commercially Available Sports Drinks”. Sports Medicine, 29 (3), 181-209. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200029030-00004
  • 23. Shirreffs, S.M. (2003). “Markers of Hydration Status”. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 57 (2), 6-9. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601895
  • 24. Roy, B.D. (2008). “Milk: The New Sports drink? A review”. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition; 5 (15), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-5-15
  • 25. Mor, A, Karakaş, F, Mor, H, Yurtseven, R. Yılmaz, A.K. ve Acar, K. (2022). “Genç Futbolcularda Direnç Bandı Egzersizlerinin Bazı Performans Parametrelerine Etkisi”. SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 20 (3), 128-142. https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.1095371
  • 26. Fox, E, Bowers, R, and Foss, M. (2012). “Beden Eğitimi ve Sporun Fizyolojik Temelleri”. (1. Baskı). (M Cerit, Ed.). Ankara: Spor Yayınevi.
  • 27. Hultman, E, Bergström, J. and Anderson, N.M. (1967). “Breakdown and Resynthesis of Phosphorylcreatine and Adenosine Triphosphate in Connection with Muscular Work in Man”. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation, 19 (1), 56-66. https://doi.org/10.3109/00365516709093481
  • 28. Edwards, A.M. and Noakes, T.D. (2009). Dehydration: Cause of Fatigue or Sign of Pacing in Elite Soccer? Sports Medicine, 39 (1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200939010-00001
  • 29. Meijen, C. and Marcora, S. (2015). Psychological Determinants Of Whole-Body Endurance Performance. Sports Medicine, 45 (7), 997-1015. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-015-0319-6
  • 30. Wiśniewski, D, Śliwicka, E, Malik, J. and Durkalec-Michalski, K. (2021). “Evaluation of Fluid Loss and Customary Fluid İntake Among A Selected Group of Young Swimmers: A Preliminary Field Study”. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18 (6), 3205. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063205
  • 31. Briars, G.L, Gordon, G.S, Lawrence, A, Turner, A, Perry, S, Pillbrow, D. and Molyneux, P. (2017). “Swim Drink Study: A Randomised Controlled Trial of During-Exercise Rehydration And Swimming Performance”. BMJ Paediatrics Open, 1 (1). http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2017-000075
  • 32. Geraldini, S, Cruz, I.D.F, Romero, A, Fonseca, F.L.A. and Campos, M.P.D. (2017). “Isotonic Sports Drink Promotes Rehydration and Decreases Proteinuria Following Karate Training”. Brazilian Journal of Nephrology, 39, 362-369. https://doi.org/10.5935/0101-2800.2017006
  • 33. Coso, J.D, Estevez, E., Baquero, R.A. and Mora-Rodriguez, R. (2008). “Anaerobic Performance When Rehydrating With Water or Commercially Available Sports Drinks During Prolonged Exercise İn The Heat”. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 33 290-298. https://doi.org/10.1139/H07-188
  • 34. Hoffman, J.R, Stavsky, H. and Folk, B. (1995). “The Effect Of Water Restriction on Anaerobic Power and Vertical Jumping Height in Basketball Players”. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 16 (04), 214-218. https://doi.org:10.1055/s-2007-972994
  • 35. Moreno, I.L, Pastre, C.M, Ferreira, C, de Abreu, L.C, Valenti, V.E. and Vanderlei, L.C.M. (2013). “Effects of an İsotonic Beverage on Autonomic Regulation During and After Exercise”. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 10 (1), 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-10-2
  • 36. Smith, M.S, Dyson, R.J, Hale, T. and Janaway, L. (2000). “Development of A Boxing Dynamometer and İts Punch Force Discrimination Efficacy”. Journal of Sports Sciences, 18 (6), 445-450. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410050074377
  • 37. Casa, D.J, Stearns, R.L, Lopez, R.M, Ganio, M.S, McDermott, B.P, Walker-Yeargin, S. and Maresh, C.M. (2010). “Influence of Hydration on Physiological Function And Performance During Trail Running in The Heat”. Journal of Athletic Training, 45 (2), 147–156. https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-45.2.147 38. Wittbrodt, M.T. and Millard-Stafford, M. (2018). Dehydration İmpairs Cognitive Performance: A Meta Analysis. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 50 (11), 2360-2368. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001682
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sports Nutrition
Journal Section Original Article
Authors

Kürşat Acar 0000-0001-8908-4404

Ahmet Mor 0000-0002-1181-1111

Hakkı Mor 0000-0003-0810-1909

Fatih Karakaş 0000-0002-3366-7587

Ali Kerim Yılmaz 0000-0002-0046-6711

Erkal Arslanoğlu 0000-0003-2066-0682

Project Number SBF-1901-21-002
Publication Date March 27, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 13 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Acar, K., Mor, A., Mor, H., Karakaş, F., et al. (2024). Yüzücülerde Dayanıklılık Antrenmanının Sıvı Dengesi ve Performans Parametrelerine Etkisi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 13(1), 400-408. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1321602
AMA Acar K, Mor A, Mor H, Karakaş F, Yılmaz AK, Arslanoğlu E. Yüzücülerde Dayanıklılık Antrenmanının Sıvı Dengesi ve Performans Parametrelerine Etkisi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. March 2024;13(1):400-408. doi:10.37989/gumussagbil.1321602
Chicago Acar, Kürşat, Ahmet Mor, Hakkı Mor, Fatih Karakaş, Ali Kerim Yılmaz, and Erkal Arslanoğlu. “Yüzücülerde Dayanıklılık Antrenmanının Sıvı Dengesi Ve Performans Parametrelerine Etkisi”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 13, no. 1 (March 2024): 400-408. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1321602.
EndNote Acar K, Mor A, Mor H, Karakaş F, Yılmaz AK, Arslanoğlu E (March 1, 2024) Yüzücülerde Dayanıklılık Antrenmanının Sıvı Dengesi ve Performans Parametrelerine Etkisi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 13 1 400–408.
IEEE K. Acar, A. Mor, H. Mor, F. Karakaş, A. K. Yılmaz, and E. Arslanoğlu, “Yüzücülerde Dayanıklılık Antrenmanının Sıvı Dengesi ve Performans Parametrelerine Etkisi”, Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 400–408, 2024, doi: 10.37989/gumussagbil.1321602.
ISNAD Acar, Kürşat et al. “Yüzücülerde Dayanıklılık Antrenmanının Sıvı Dengesi Ve Performans Parametrelerine Etkisi”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 13/1 (March 2024), 400-408. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1321602.
JAMA Acar K, Mor A, Mor H, Karakaş F, Yılmaz AK, Arslanoğlu E. Yüzücülerde Dayanıklılık Antrenmanının Sıvı Dengesi ve Performans Parametrelerine Etkisi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2024;13:400–408.
MLA Acar, Kürşat et al. “Yüzücülerde Dayanıklılık Antrenmanının Sıvı Dengesi Ve Performans Parametrelerine Etkisi”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 13, no. 1, 2024, pp. 400-8, doi:10.37989/gumussagbil.1321602.
Vancouver Acar K, Mor A, Mor H, Karakaş F, Yılmaz AK, Arslanoğlu E. Yüzücülerde Dayanıklılık Antrenmanının Sıvı Dengesi ve Performans Parametrelerine Etkisi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2024;13(1):400-8.
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