Gri Bölge ve Hibrit Savaş Konseptleri Arasında Bir Karşılaştırma: Uluslararası Güvenlik Açısından Ne Gibi Yenilikler Vardır?

Year 2021, Volume: 17 Issue: 38, 411 - 439, 07.07.2021

Fatih Akgül

https://doi.org/10.17752/guvenlikstrtj.964066

Abstract

Güvenlik çalışmalarında; 2006’dan bu yana Hibrit Savaş kavramı baskın konumunu korusa da 2015 sonrasında Rusya ve Çin’le ilişkili olarak ‘Gri Bölge’ kavramına da artan biçimde yer verilmeye başlanılmıştır. Diğer taraftan akademik yazında, gri bölge aktiviteleri, hibrit savaş, bunların teorik ilişkisi ve uygulamaları konusunda ciddi bir tartışma ve görüş farklılığı olduğu gözlemlenmektedir. Bu makalenin amacı, söz konusu kavramların teorik ilişkisini ve uluslararası güvenliğe olan etkilerini Rusya ve Çin örnekleri üzerinden karşılaştırarak incelemektir. Makale; her iki kavramın da yeni olmadığını, fakat aynı da olmadığını, Gri Bölge Konseptinin ABD’nin stratejik dikkatini Rusya’dan Çin’e kaydırmasının bir yansıması olduğunu ve ABD’nin ulusal çıkarları ile müttefiklerinin güvenlik kaygılarını örtüştürmeyi amaçladığını iddia etmektedir. Ancak, yine de Gri Bölge Konsepti bir realiteye işaret etmektedir ve Hibrit Savaş Konseptinden ayrıştırılmalıdır.

Keywords

Gri Bölge Konsepti, Hibrit Savaş, Rusya, Çin, ABD

A Comparison between the Concepts of Gray Zone and Hybrid War: What is New for International Security?

Abstract

Albeit the Hybrid War has dominated security studies since 2006, it is also observed that the term ‘Gray Zone’ has increasingly taken part as well in connection with China and Russia after 2015. However, there is also a debate and confusion in the literature over gray zone activities, its relationship with hybrid war, and their implementations. This article aims to discuss and assess the theoretical relationship between these concepts and their implications for international security, by comparing recent Russian and Chinese practices. The article asserts that hybrid and gray zone activities are neither new nor the same, and the Gray Zone Concept emerged as a reflection of the shift in the US strategical attention from Russia to China, and aimed to harmonize US national interests with other Allies’ security concerns. However, it also acknowledges that the concept is real, and should be differentiated and separated from hybrid war.

Keywords

Gray Zone Concept, Hybrid War, Russia, China, the US

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