HEMŞİRELERİN DUYGUSAL EMEK DAVRANIŞLARI İLE İŞ DOYUMU ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Year 2022, Volume: 25 Issue: 3, 485 - 500, 27.09.2022

Sevda Arslan , Gülhan Erkuş Küçükkelepçe , Şenay Gül

Abstract

Hemşirelerin kişisel özellikleri, deneyimleri, algıları, çalışma ortamı, sağlık hizmeti sunumu sırasında yöneticilerin tutumları duygusal emek ile iş doyumu arasındaki ilişkiyi etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, hemşirelerin duygusal emek ve iş doyumu düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Araştırma tanımlayıcı kesitsel tipte olup araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 151 hemşire ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler Ekim-Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, “Hemşire İş Doyum Ölçeği” ve “Duygusal Emek Ölçeği” kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, non parametrik testler, Spearman’s Rho korelasyon ve Mann Whitney U testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada Duygusal Emek Ölçeği ile Hemşireler için İş Doyumu Ölçeği toplam puanları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olmadığı belirlenmiştir (r=0,071; p=0,0389). Duygusal Emek Ölçeği'nin Yüzeysel Davranış alt ölçeği ile Hemşire İş Doyum Ölçeği'nin Keyifli Çalışma Ortamı alt boyutu arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı, zayıf ve pozitif bir doğrusal ilişki tespit edilmiştir (r=0,175; p=0,031). Hemşirelerin duygusal emek davranışları ile iş doyumu sağlık hizmetlerini birçok yönden etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları her seviyedeki yöneticiler için uyarıcı niteliktedir.

Keywords

Derinlemesine davranış, duygusal emek, iş doyumu, hemşireler, yüzeysel davranış

INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMOTIONAL LABOR BEHAVIOR AND JOB SATISFACTION OF NURSES

Abstract

Personal characteristics, experiences, perceptions, working environment of nurses, and the attitudes of managers during the delivery of health services affect the relationship between emotional labor and job satisfaction. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotional labor and job satisfaction levels of nurses. The study was a descriptive cross-sectional and conducted 151 nurses who agreed to participate in the study. The data were collected between October and December 2019 using "Personal Information Form", "Job Satisfaction Scale for Nurses" and "Emotional Labor Scale". Descriptive statistics, non-parametric tests, Spearman's Rho correlation and Mann Whitney U test were used in the analysis of the data. In the study, it was determined that there was no significant relationship between the Emotional Labor Scale and Job Satisfaction Scale for Nurses total scores (r=0.071; p=0.0389). A statistically significant, weak and positive linear relationship was found between Surface Acting sub-scale of the Emotional Labor Scale and the Pleasant Work Environment sub-scale of the Job Satisfaction Scale for Nurses (r=0.175; p=0.031). Emotional labor behaviors and job satisfaction of nurses affect health care in many ways. The results of this study are stimulating for managers at all levels.

Keywords

Deep acting, emotional labor, job satisfaction, nurses, surface acting

References

• Biegge, A., De Geest, S., Schubert, M., & Ausserhofer, D. (2016). The ‘magnetic forces’ of Swiss acute care hospitals: A secondary data analysis on nurses ׳ job satisfaction and their intention to leave their current job. NursingPlus Open, 2(2016), 1520.
• Büyükbayram, A., & Gürkan, A. (2014). The role of emotional intelligence in job satisfaction of nurses. J Psychiatric Nursing, 5(1), 41-48.
• Caliskan, A., & Ergun, Y. A. (2012). Examining job satisfaction burnout and reality shock amongst newly graduated nurses. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 47, 1392-1397.
• Can, I. (2020). Investigation of the relationship between communication skills of psychiatric nurses and job satisfaction and job stress [Unpublished master’s thesis]. Yeditepe University.
• Değirmenci Öz, S., & Baykal, Ü. (2018). Developing in the scale of emotional labor behavior for nurses. International Refereed Journal of Nursing Researches, 12, 119-139.
• Demir, Y., Oruç, P., Baştürk, Y. A., & Özpınar, S. (2021). Emotional labor behavior and impacting factors in nurses: Example of public hospitals. Journal of Samsun Health Sciences, 6(1), 76-84.
• Doğan, A., & Sığrı, Ü. (2017). Emotional labour: A study on nurses. The Journal of Human and Work, 4(2), 113-126.
• Grandey, A. A., & Sayre, G. M. (2019). Emotional labor: Regulating emotions for a wage. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 28(2), 1-7.
• Gulsen, M., & Ozmen, D. (2020). The relationship between emotional labour and job satisfaction in nursing. International Nursing Review, 67(1), 145-154.
• Gürcan, T. (2019). The effect of colleagues' solidarity on job satisfaction and intention to leave [Unpublished PhD thesis]. Marmara University.
• Han, H. Y., Lee, J. Y., & Jang, I. (2015). The moderating effects of social support between emotional labor and job satisfaction in clinical nurses. Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing, 24(4), 331-339.
• Hochschild, A. R. (2012). The managed heart: commercialization of human feeling. University of California Press.
• Hogg, R., Hanley, J., & Smith, P. (2018). Learning lessons from the analysis of patient complaints relating to staff attitudes, behavior and communication, using the concept of emotional labour. J Clin Nurs, 27(5-6), e1004-e1012.
• Hong, E., & Lee, Y. S. (2016). The mediating effect of emotional intelligence between emotional labour, job stress, burnout and nurses' turnover intention. Int J Nurs Pract, 22(6), 625-632.
• Kantek, F., & Kartal, H. (2016). The effects of job satisfaction on nurses' professional status: A meta-analysis. Journal of Human Sciences, 13(3), 4268-4277.
• Kaur, S., & Malodia, L. (2017). Influence of emotional labour on job satisfaction among employees of private hospitals: A structural equation modelling approach. Journal of Health Management, 19(3), 456-473.
• Kaya, F. (2014). The examining of relationship between emotional labor, burnout and job satisfaction: The study oriented elder care giver employees working in rest homes related to ministry of famı̇ly and socı̇al policies [Unpublished master’s thesis]. Celal Bayar University.
• Kim, H., Kim, J. S., Choe, K., Kwak, Y., & Song, J. S. (2018). Mediating effects of workplace violence on the relationships between emotional labour and burnout among clinical nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 74(10), 2331-2339.
• Lee, E. K., & Ji, E. J. (2018). The moderating role of leader–member exchange in the relationships between emotional labor and burnout in clinical nurses. Asian Nursing Research, 12(1), 56-61.
• Lee, M., & Jang, K. S. (2019). Nurses’ emotions, emotional labor, and job satisfaction. International Journal of Workplace Health Management, 13(1), 16-31.
• Lee, N., Kim, J. H., & Mun, H. J. (2019). Exploration of emotional labor research trends in Korea through keyword network analysis. Journal of Convergence for Information Technology, 9(3), 68-74.
• Li, J. H., Gao, P., Shen, X. Y., & Liu, X. (2014). A process model of emotional labor of nursing: case study of two Chinese public hospitals. International Journal of Public Administration, 37(10), 695-707.
• Li, N., Zhang, L., Xiao, G., Chen, J., & Lu, Q. (2019). The relationship between workplace violence, job satisfaction and turnover intention in emergency nurses. International Emergency Nursing, 45, 50–55.
• Liu, H., Zou, H. Y., Wang, H. J., Xu, X., & Liao, J. Q. (2020). Do emotional labour strategies influence emotional exhaustion and professional identity or vice versa? Evidence from new nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 76(2), 577-587.
• Muya, M., Katsuyama, K., Ozaki, F., & Aoyama, H. (2014). Development of a scale measuring the job satisfaction of Japanese hospital nurses. Japan Journal of Nursing Science, 11(3), 160-170.
• Ning, S., Zhong, H., Libo, W., & Qiujie, L. (2009). The impact of nurse empowerment on job satisfaction. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 65(12), 2642-2648.
• Ntantana, A., Matamis, D., Savvoula, S., Giannakou, M., Gouva, M., Nakos, G., & Koulouras, V. (2017). Burnout and job satisfaction of intensive care personnel and the relationship with personality and religious traits: An observational, multicenter, cross-sectional study. Intensive and Critical Care Nursing, 41, 11-17.
• Pala, T., & Sürgevil, O. (2016). Emotional labor scale: A study of scale development, reliability and validity. Ege Academic Review, 16(4), 773-787.
• Park, M. M., & Han, S. J. (2013). Relations of job satisfaction with emotional labor, job stress, and personal resources in home healthcare nurses. Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing, 24(1), 51-61.
• Penz, K., Stewart, N. J., D'Arcy, C., & Morgan, D. (2008). Predictors of job satisfaction for rural acute care registered nurses in Canada. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 30(7), 785-800.
• Polat, N. (2008). Work related stress and job satisfaction in nursing: A field application in training hospital [Unpublished master’s thesis]. Başkent University.
• Ryu, Y. O., & Ko, E. (2015). Influence of emotional labor and nursing professional values on job satisfaction in small and medium-sized hospital nurses. Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing, 22(1), 7-15.
• Soper, D.S. (2022). A-priori sample size calculator for multiple regression [Software]. https://www.danielsoper.com/statcalc (2022, 15 Haziran)
• Temel Eğinli, A. (2009). Çalışanlarda iş doyumu: Kamu ve özel sektör çalışanlarının iş doyumuna yönelik bir araştırma. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 23(3), 35-52.
• Tunç, P., Gitmez, A., & Krespi Boothby, M. R. (2014). An investigation of emotional labor strategies on the basis of empathy among nurses working at intensive care and inpatient units. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 15(1), 45-54.
• Türe Yılmaz, A., & Yıldırım, A. (2016). Validity and reliability of the nurse job satisfaction scale in Turkish. Journal of Health and Nursing Management, 3(3), 158-168.
• von Elm, E., Altman, D. G., Egger, M., Pocock, S. J., Gøtzsche, P. C., & Vandenbroucke, J. P. (2014). The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement: Guidelines for reporting observational studies. International Journal of Surgery, 12(12), 1495-1499.
• Wu, X., Li, J., Liu, G., Liu, Y., Cao, J., & Jia, Z. (2018). The effects of emotional labor and competency on job satisfaction in nurses of China: a nationwide cross-sectional survey. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 5(4), 383-389.
• Yang, F.H., & Chang, C. C. (2008). Emotional labour, job satisfaction and organizational commitment amongst clinical nurses: A questionnaire survey. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 45(6), 879-887.
• Yılmaz, B., & Orak, O. S. (2020). Relationship between emotional labour behavior and psychological symptoms among nurses. Journal of Health and Nursing Management, 7(2), 187-201.