THE SCALE FOR ASSESSING AFFECTING FACTORS ON PREVENTIVE BEHAVIORS OF COVID-19: A STUDY ON ADAPTATION TO TURKISH

Year 2022, Volume: 25 Issue: 4, 861 - 882, 27.12.2022

Aslı Yıldız , Sıdıka Kaya , Bülent Altunkaynak , Bülent Güngörer

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic, having high prevalence and mortality rate, has caused healthcare workers (HCWs) in Turkey to experience a physically- and mentally-challenging process, as in the rest of the world. This has affected the ability of many HCWs to cope with the pandemic individually and to protect themselves. Hence, identifying the HCWs’ cognitive processes in performing pandemic-protective behaviors has gained importance. Therefore, this study aims to adapt the “Affecting Factors on Preventive Behaviors of Covid-19” (AFPB-CO) Scale to HCWs in Turkey, and to test its validity and reliability. The AFPB-CO Scale was developed by Khazaee-Pool, et al. in 2020, based on Rogers' (1975) Protection Motivation Theory- PMT. The study also aims to reveal HCWs’ pathway to protect themselves from Covid-19, based on the PMT. The study included 360 HCWs working in Turkey's one of the largest training and research hospitals. The HCWs participating in the study were selected by Purposeful Sampling Method. For the adaptation study, first the scale's language and content validity were examined. Then, to evaluate the scale’s psychometric properties, reliability and construct validity were examined by internal consistency & item-total correlation coefficients, and the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), respectively. The scale's Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient was found to be quite reliable. According to item-total score correlations, each item was moderately related to the scale, and all items adequately represented the scale. Following the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), two items were removed from the scale and fit indexes were found to be at an average level. The Turkish version of “Affecting Factors on Preventive Behaviors of Covid-19” (AFPB-CO-TR) Scale was found to be an appropriate, valid and reliable measurement tool for determining the cognitive processes of the HCWs of the aforementioned training and research hospital in Turkey.

Keywords

Covid-19 pandemic, cognitive models, preventive behaviors, scale, healthcare workers

COVID-19’DAN KORUNMA DAVRANIŞLARINI ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLERİ DEĞERLENDİRME ÖLÇEĞİ: TÜRKÇEYE UYARLAMA ÇALIŞMASI

Abstract

Covid-19 pandemisi, yüksek prevalansı ve mortalite hızı ile tüm dünyada olduğu gibi Türkiye’deki sağlık çalışanlarının hem fiziksel hem de mental kapasitelerini zorlayıcı bir süreçten geçmelerine neden olmuştur. Bu durum çoğu sağlık çalışanının pandemi ile bireysel başa çıkma ve korunma yeteneklerini etkilemiştir. Bu nedenle, sağlık çalışanlarının pandemiden korunma davranışlarını gerçekleştirmedeki bilişsel süreçlerinin belirlenmesi önemli hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, “Covid-19'dan Korunma Davranışlarını Etkileyen Faktörler” (AFPB-CO) Ölçeği'nin Türkiye'deki sağlık çalışanlarına uyarlanması, geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin test edilmesidir. AFPB-CO Ölçeği Khazaee-Pool ve diğerleri tarafından (2020), Rogers'ın (1975) Korunma Motivasyonu Teorisi (KMT) esas alınarak geliştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın bir diğer amacı, KMT’ye dayanarak, sağlık çalışanlarının Covid-19’dan korunmada nasıl bir yol izlediğini ortaya koymaktır. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin en büyük eğitim ve araştırma hastanelerinden birinde görev yapan 360 sağlık çalışanı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmaya katılan sağlık çalışanları Amaçlı Örnekleme Yöntemi ile seçilmiştir. Uyarlama çalışması için öncelikle, ölçeğin dil ve kapsam geçerliği incelenmiştir. Ardından, ölçeğin psikometrik özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla, iç tutarlılık ve madde-toplam korelasyon katsayıları ile güvenirlik; Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA) ile yapı geçerliği incelenmiştir. Ölçeğin Cronbach alfa iç tutarlılık katsayısı oldukça güvenilir bulunmuştur. Madde-toplam puan korelasyonlarına göre her madde ölçekle orta düzeyde ilişkili bulunmuştur, tüm maddeler ölçeği yeterli derecede temsil etmektedir. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) sonucunda orijinal ölçekte yer alan iki madde ölçekten çıkarılmıştır. DFA sonucu uyum indekslerinin ise ortalama düzeyde olduğu görülmüştür. Covid-19’dan Korunma Davranışlarını Etkileyen Faktörler Ölçeği- Türkçe versiyonunun (AFPB-CO-TR) Türkiye’deki söz konusu eğitim ve araştırma hastanesi sağlık çalışanlarının bilişsel süreçlerinin belirlenmesi için uygun, geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

Covid-19 pandemisi, bilişsel modeller, korunma davranışları, ölçek, sağlık çalışanları

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