Antifungal effect of boric acid against Penicillium expansum, the casual agent of blue mold of apple

Year 2020, , 64 - 72, 20.03.2020

Elif Yıldırım , Kübra Karatoprak İsmail Erper , Muharrem Türkkan

https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.624445

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Efficacy of boric acid against Penicillium expansum was evaluated under both in vitro and in vivo conditions in this study. In in vitro, 0.125% concentration of boric acid reduced mycelial growth, spore germination and germ tube elongation of P. expansum by 68.88%, 74.00% and 85.50% respectively, whereas the higher concentrations (0.25%, 0.50%, 1.00% and 2.00%) of boric acid completely inhibited those of P. expansum. Moreover, the difference among the effects of the above-mentioned first concentration and subsequent concentrations of boric acid was statistically significant (P<0.05). The EC50, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values of boric acid were defined as 0.09, 0.25% and >2%, respectively. In in vivo experiments, except for 0.25% boric acid, all the other concentrations (0.50%, 1.00% and 2.00%) exhibited both protective and curative activity against P. expansum, and they significantly reducing the disease severity of blue mold in comparison to pathogen‐inoculated control (P<0.05). However, 2.00% boric acid has been shown to be the most effective concentration against the pathogen in both protective and curative applications, and reduce the disease severity by 94.46% and 91.41%, respectively. These results indicate that the boric acid can be used as an alternative to synthetic fungicides for the control of blue mold disease caused by P. expansum in apples.

Keywords

Apple, Blue mold, Boric acid, Fungus, Alternative control

Elmada mavi küfe neden olan Penicillium expansum’a karşı borik asitin antifungal etkisi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, borik asitin Penicillium expansum’a karşı etkinliği hem in vitro hem de in vivo koşullarda değerlendirilmiştir. In vitro’da, borik asitin %0.125 konsantrasyonu P. expansum’un misel gelişmesini, spor çimlenmesini ve çim tüpü uzunluğunu sırasıyla %68.88, %74.00 ve %85.50 oranında azaltmış, halbuki daha yüksek konsantrasyonlar (%0.25, %0.50, %1.00 ve %2.00)’ı ise tamamen engellemiştir. Ayrıca borik asitin yukarıda belirtilen ilk konsantrasyonu ve sonraki konsantrasyonlarının etkileri arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak önemli bulunmuştur (P<0.05). Borik asitin EC50, minimum engelleyici konsantrasyon (MIC) ve minimum fungisidal konsantrasyon (MFC) değerleri sırasıyla, 0.09, %0.25 ve >%2 olarak belirlenmiştir. In vivo denemelerde, borik asitin %0.25 konsantrasyonu hariç, diğer tüm konsantrasyonlar (%0.50, %1.00 ve %2.00)’ı hem koruyucu hem de tedavi edici etki göstermişler ve bu konsantrasyonlar mavi küfün hastalık şiddetini patojen ile inokule edilmiş kontrole kıyasla önemli ölçüde azaltmıştır (P<0.05). Bununla birlikte, %2.00 borik asitin hem koruyucu hem de tedavi edici uygulamalarda patojene karşı en etkili konsantrasyon olduğu ve hastalık şiddetini sırasıyla %94.46 ve %91.41 oranında azalttığı gösterilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar, borik asitin elmalarda P. expansum'un neden olduğu mavi küf hastalığının mücadelesi için sentetik fungisitlere bir alternatif olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

Elma, Mavi küf, Borik asit, Alternatif mücadele

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