Evaluation of biochemical and physiological responses of salsola spp at their natural habitats

Year 2019, Volume: 23 Issue: 2, 226 - 233, 18.06.2019

Sema Karakaş Dikilitaş , Murat Dikilitaş , Mustafa Aslan , Ayşe Nur Güzel

https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.474638

Abstract

Halophytes are naturally salt-tolerant
plants that are useful for soil remediation applications.  Biochemical and physiological responses of Salsola species, namely; S. ruthenica, S. dendroides and S. crassa were evaluated at their natural habitats for their
salt tolerance in which the biochemical responses such as peroxidase (POX, EC.1.11.1.7)
and catalase (CAT, EC.1.11.1.6) enzymes, inorganic ion accumulation, proline
(Pro), malondialdehyde (MDA), chlorophyll contents (Chl-a, Chl-b)
were measured. The results showed that variation existed in Salsola spp. in their response to
salinity. Although all Salsola spp.
showed similar trends, S. ruthenica expressed higher activities of antioxidant enzymes
along with the higher accumulation of proline, MDA contents than those of S.
dendroides and S. crassa spp. Leaves of all three species exhibited high Na⁺ content while K⁺,
Ca⁺⁺ and Mg⁺⁺ contents are low. S. ruthenica accumulated 94.5 g kg^-1 DW of Na⁺
ions while S. dendroides and S. crassa accumulated 82.1 g kg^-1  DW and 71.4 g kg^-1 DW
Na⁺ ions, respectively. The
increase in enzymatic activities and higher metabolic contents and lower MDA
levels in Salsola spp., especially in S. ruthenica,
suggested that these species could
well be used for phytoremediation purposes. With moderate height and
root-length, these plants have high potentials to be used as companion plants
with glycophytes to reduce salt stress in moderately saline conditions. 

Keywords

Salsola spp., Halophytes, Enzymes, Salinity, Proline

Doğal ortamlarında yetişen Salsola türlerinin biyokimyasal ve fizyolojik tepkilerinin araştırılması

Abstract

Halofit bitkiler
toprak ıslahı uygulamaları için kullanılan doğal olarak tuza-tolerant
bitkilerdir.  Salsola türlerinin (S. ruthenica, S. dendroides ve S. crassa)
tuz toleransına karşı biyokimayasal ve fizyolojik tepkileri doğal ortamlarında
peroksidaz (POX, EC.1.11.1.7) ve katalaz (CAT, EC.1.11.1.6) enzimleri,
inorganik iyon birikimi, prolin (Pro), malondialdehid (MDA) sentezi, ve
klorofil içerkileri (Chl-a, Chl-b) gibi parametreler ölçülerek
incelenmiştir.  Sonuçlar, Salsola türlerinin tuza tepki bakımından
farklılık olduğunu göstermiştir.  Bütün Salsola türleri benzer tepkiler
vermesine rağmen, S. ruthenica daha yüksek MDA, prolin ve antioksidan enzim ekspresyonları
ile S. dendroides ve S.
crassa türlerinden ayrılmıştır. 
Her üç türün yaprakları yüksek düzeyde Na⁺ içerirken K⁺, Ca⁺⁺ ve Mg⁺⁺içeriklerinde
düşüş görülmüştür.  S. ruthenica çeşidi 94.5 g kg^-1
KA of Na⁺ iyonu içerirken S. dendroides ve S. crassa
sırasıyla, 82.1 g kg^-1 KAve 71.4 g kg^-1 KA Na⁺
iyonu içermektedir. Salsola
türlerinde düşük MDA ve yüksek metabolit sentezi ile enzim artışları, özellikle
S. ruthenica’de, bu
türlerin fitoremediasyon çalışmaları için rahatlıkla kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.
Orta derecede tuzlu topraklarda tuz stresini azaltmak için ortalama boy ve kök
uzunluğuna sahip bu bitkilerin arkadaş bitki olarak glikofitler ile birlikte
kullanılma potansiyeli oldukça yüksektir.

Keywords

Salsola spp., Halofitler, Enzimler, Tuzluluk, Prolin

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