Genetic variability in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) for yield and yield related traits

Year 2023, Volume: 27 Issue: 2, 153 - 165, 23.06.2023

Sintayehu Gedifew

https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.1251060

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Availability of genetic variability among a certain crop population and knowledge of the genetic parameters of yield and yield-related traits are the key preconditions to enhance seed yield. Therefore, sixty-four sesame genotypes consisting of fifty-nine accessions and five varieties were assessed in order to evaluate sesame genotypes for yield and yield-related traits and estimate the genetic parameters. An 8 x 8 simple lattice design was used to evaluate the experimental materials. Data were collected for the twenty traits. Analysis of variance revealed that sesame genotypes were significantly different (P<0.05) except for internode length and seed shattering-related traits. ASARC-ACC-SG-013 was the highest-yielding accession, while accession GK-012 (2) gave the highest oil content (60.09%), and the mean thousands seeds weight ranged from 2.00 g to 2.75 g, indicating the existence of elite sesame genotypes that can be considered to maximize yield, seed size, and oil content. The number of primary branches plant-1, the number of capsules on the main stem plant-1, and total capsules plant-1 all showed high coefficients of variation, demonstrating that the genotypes under study had sufficient variability for these traits. High heritability and genetic advance were obtained for traits such as plant height to the first branch (60.70%; 21.90%), capsule length (81.10%; 24.00%), primary branches plant-1 (63.10%; 36.30%), number of capsules on the main stem plant-1 (74.40%; 45.80%), and total capsules plant-1 (64.90%; 51.40%). Thus, the finding suggests a trustworthy estimate of the genetic advancement that may be anticipated through phenotypic selection for these traits.

Keywords

Oil content, Seed shattering, Quantitative traits, Genetic advance, Heritability

Verim ve verimle ilgili özellikler için susamda (Sesamum indicum L.) genetik değişkenlik

Abstract

Belirli bir mahsul popülasyonu arasındaki genetik değişkenliğin mevcudiyeti ve verim ve verimle ilgili özelliklerin genetik parametrelerinin bilgisi, tohum verimini arttırmanın temel ön koşullarıdır. Bu nedenle, susam genotiplerini verim ve verime bağlı özellikler açısından değerlendirmek ve genetik parametreleri tahmin etmek için elli dokuz çeşit ve beş çeşitten oluşan altmış dört susam genotipi değerlendirilmiştir. Deney materyallerini değerlendirmek için 8 x 8 basit kafes tasarımı kullanıldı. Yirmi özellik için veri toplandı. Varyans analizi, susam genotiplerinin boğum arası uzunluk ve tohum parçalama ile ilgili özellikler dışında önemli ölçüde farklı olduğunu (P<0.05) ortaya çıkardı. ASARC-ACC-SG-013 en yüksek verimli çeşitken, GK-012 (2) çeşidi en yüksek yağ içeriğini (%60.09) vermiştir ve ortalama bin tohum ağırlığı 2.00 g ile 2.75 g arasında değişmektedir, bu da Verimi, tohum boyutunu ve yağ içeriğini maksimize ettiği düşünülebilecek elit susam genotipleri. Bitki-1 birincil dallarının sayısı, ana gövde bitki-1 üzerindeki kapsüllerin sayısı ve bitki-1 toplam kapsüllerinin tümü, yüksek varyasyon katsayıları gösterdi; bu, incelenen genotiplerin bu özellikler için yeterli değişkenliğe sahip olduğunu gösterdi. İlk dala kadar bitki boyu (%60.70; %21.90), kapsül uzunluğu (%81.10; %24.00), birincil dallar bitki-1 (%63.10; %36.30), kapsül sayısı gibi özelliklerde özelliklerde yüksek kalıtım derecesi ve genetik ilerleme elde edilmiştir. ana gövde bitki-1 (%74.40; %45.80) ve toplam kapsül bitki-1 (%64.90; %51.40) üzerinde. Bu nedenle bulgu, bu özellikler için fenotipik seçilim yoluyla tahmin edilebilecek genetik ilerlemenin güvenilir bir tahminini önermektedir.

Keywords

Yağ içeriği, tohum parçalama, Nicel özellikler, Genetik ilerleme, Kalıtım

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