Memeli Çiftlik Hayvanlarında Stres, Fizyoloji ve Üretim İlişkileri

Year 2014, Volume: 55 Issue: 1, 25 - 34, 28.11.2014

Erkan Pehlivan , Gürsel Dellal

https://doi.org/10.29185/hayuretim.363905

Cited By: 3

Abstract

Farklı üretim sistemlerinde
yetiştirilen hayvan türleri farklı çevresel stres faktörlerine maruz kalmakta
ve bunlarla fizyolojik ve davranışsal tepkiler yoluyla mücadele etmektedirler. Bu
mücadelelerin başarısız olması, hayvanların refah durumlarını açık olarak tehdit
etmekle birlikte üretim etkinlik ve kalitelerini de olumsuz yönde
etkilemektedir. Stres esnasında stres hormonlarının (HPA ve SA aksı hormonları)
ve sitokinlerin üretiminde artışlar gerçekleşirken, anabolik hormonların
(IGF-I, GH, tiroit hormonları ve cinsiyet steroitleri) üretiminde azalışlar
ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu durum ise anabolik süreçlerin yavaşlatılmasına,
katabolik süreçlerin ise
artmasına neden olmaktadır. Sonuçta; stresin şiddetine bağlı olarak immun
fonksiyon, üreme, büyüme, laktasyon ve diğer fizyolojik süreçler olumsuz olarak
etkilenmekte ve önemli düzeyde ekonomik kayıplar meydana gelmektedir. Bu
nedenle çevresel stres faktörlerinin etkilerinin kontrol edilmesi, toplam
ekonomik etkinliğin artırılması için önem taşımaktadır. Bu noktadan hareketle,
bu derlemede, stresin memeli çiftlik hayvanları üzerinde gösterdiği fizyolojik
değişimler ve bu değişimlerin verimlerle olan ilişkileri analiz edilmeye
çalışılmıştır.

Keywords

Stres, fizyoloji, HPA, SA

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