Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

الحروف والوجود: دراسة مقارنة بين سفر يتسراه وابن عربي

Year 2019, Volume: 18 Issue: 36, 499 - 524, 30.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.14395/hititilahiyat.578396

Abstract

شهد العالم الإسلامي في القرون الوسطى نشاطا لافتا للتصوف
الإسلامي واليهودي. وقد انعكس هذا
الاشتراك الجيوتاريخي والإبستمولوجي على النتاج الصوفي لهما، فظهر جليا وجود تآثر
بين هذين التيارين كما يبدو في أعمال المتصوفين في تلك الحقبة، خاصة المتصوفين
اليهود. وتسعى هذه الورقة إلى دراسة إحدى مظانّ التآثر الصوفي الإسلامي واليهودي
القروسطي، وهي مسألة الحروف وعلاقتها بالوجود من خلال دراسة أبرز من تناولها لدى
الطرفين
وهما محيي الدين بن
عربي
(1156-
1240م)
في مؤلفاته، وسفر
يتسراه (كتاب الخلق) أحد أهم كتب القبالاه المنسوب للنبي إبراهيم.
وقامت الدراسة على رصد نقاط الالتقاء والاختلاف بين هذا
السفر وابن عربي وذلك بدراسة عدة مسائل لدى الطرفين شملت :الدور التكويني للحروف،
وماهية هذه الحروف، وترتيبها، والموجودات المنبثقة عنها أو التي تناظرها، وانتهاء
بمحاولة تفسير احتمالية تأثر ابن عربي بسفر يتسراه. وقد خلصت الدراسة إلى وجود
العديد من نقاط التلاقي بين ابن عربي وسفر يتسراه، وكذلك العديد من نقاط الاختلاف،
فضلا عن تميز ابن عربي في شمول أعماله لنواح أكثر اتساعا وتفصيلا قارنا طروحاته
بتعليلات وشروح. وتوصلت الدراسة إلى أن احتمالية تأثر ابن عربي بسفر يتسراه
احتمالية تفتقر إلى الدليل؛ لاعتماد ابن عربي غالبا على الكتاب والسنة لتدعيم
طروحاته، فضلا عن عدم وجود مصدر تاريخي يؤكد اطلاع ابن عربي على هذا السفر قراءة
أو سماعا.

References

  • The Holy Quran
  • The Holy Bible
  • Abu Zayd, Nasr Hamid. Falsafatu’t- Ta’wîl. Beirut: Dâru’t- Tanwîr lit- Tibâʿa wa’n- Nashr & Dâru’l- Wihda lit- Tibâʿa wa’n- Nashr. 1983.
  • Afifi, Abul Ela. The Mystical Philosophy of Muhid Din Ibnul-Arabi. Cambridge: The University Press, 1939.
  • Al-Fayyūmî, Saʿîd. Sefer Yetzirah – Kitâbu’l- Mabâdi’. Kiryat Ono: Moshe Institute. 1999.
  • Benton, Christopher P. “An Introduction to the Sefer Yetzirah”. The Maqom Journal for Studies in Rabbinic Literature 7 (2004). http://www.maqom.com/journal/paper14.pdf.
  • Frye, Richard- Fisher, William Bayne, The Cambridge History of Iran. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1962.
  • Haji Khalifah, Mustafa. Kashf aẓ-Ẓunūn ‘an 'asāmī ‘l-Kutub wa'l-funūn. 2 Vol, Ed. Mehmed Şerafeddin Yaltkaya. Beirut: Dâru Ihyâ’it- Turâthi’l- Arabi, w.d.
  • Hirschfeld, Hartwig. “The Arabic Portion of the Cairo Genizah at Cambridge”. The Jewish Quarterly Review 15/ 2 (1903): 167-181.
  • Hirschfeld, Hartwig. “A Hebraeo-Sufic Poem”. Journal of the American Oriental Society 49 (1929): 168-173.
  • Ibn ʿArabî, Muhyiddîn. Rasâ’il Ibn ʿArabî. 2 Vol. Beirut: Al-Markizu’l- ʿArabî lid- Dirâsât. W.date. a copy of Dâiratul Ma'ârifi’l- Osmania’s edition in Hyderabad. 1361 AH.
  • Ibn ʿArabî, Muhyiddîn. Shajaratu’l- Kawn. Ed. Riyâd Al- Abdullâh. Beirut: Al- Markiz Al- ʿArabî lil- Kitâb. 1984.
  • Ibn ʿArabî, Muhyiddîn. Al-Futûhât Al-Makkiya.14 Vol .Ed. Osman Yahya. Egypt: Supreme Council of Culture in Cooperation with Institute of Graduate Studies of the Sorbonne University, General Egyptian Book Organization. 1958.
  • Ibn ʿArabî, Muhyiddîn. Al-Futûhât Al-Makkiya. 4 Vol. Beirut: Dâr Sâdir. W.date. a copy of Dâru’l- Kutubi’l- ʿarabiyya’s edeition in Egypt. 1329 AH.
  • Ibn ʿArabî, Muhyiddîn. Kitâbu’l- Mabâdi’ wal- Gayât fî Maʿâni’l- Hurûfi wal- Âyât wa Kitâbu’l- ʿaqdi’l- Manzûm Fîmâ tahwîhi’l- Hurûfu mina’l- Khawassi wa’l- ʿulûm. Ed. Saeed Abdulfattah. Beirut: Dâru’l- Kutubi’l- ʿilmiyya. 2006.
  • Khamisi, Saed. Ar- Ramziyya wa’t- Ta’wîl fî Falsafati Ibn ʿArabî As- Sûfiyya. PhD thesis: The University of Mentouri, Constantine, Algeria. 2005.
  • Khayri, Ahmed. ‘izâlatu’sh- Shubuhât ‘an Qawli’l- Ustâth Kunnâ Hurûfan ʿâliyât. Cairo: As- Saʿâda press. 1370 AH.
  • Kiener, Ronald.” Ibn al-'Arabí and the Qabbalah: A Study of Thirteenth-Century Iberian Mysticism”. Studies in Mystical Literature 2/2 (1982): 26-52.
  • Kohler, Kaufmann - Broydé, Issac. “Bahya Ben Joseph ibn Pakuda”. jewishencyclopedia.com. http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/2368-bahya-ben-joseph-ibn-pakuda
  • Malter, Henry. Saadia Gaon: His Life and Works. Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society of America, 1921.
  • Morris, James W. "...Except His Face: The Political and Aesthetic Dimensions of Ibn 'Arabi's Legacy". Journal of the Muhyiddîn Ibn 'Arabî Society 23 (1998): 19-31.
  • Nykl, Alois R. - Sprengling, Martin. “A Hebrew-Sufic Poem”. The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures 46/ 3 (1930): 203-204.
  • Palacios, Asin M. Ibn Arabi: Hayatuhu wa Madhhabuhu, trans. Abd al-Rahman Badawi, Kuwait: Wakalat al-Matbuat, 1979.
  • Rosenthal, Franz. “A Judaeo-Arabic Work Under Ṣûfic Influence”. Hebrew Union College Annual 15 (1940): 433-484.
  • Singer, Isidore (Ed.). “Ibn Ghayyat, Isaac Ben Juda'”. 1901 The Jewish Encyclopedia. Available at: https://www.studylight.org/encyclopedias/tje/i/ibn-ghayyat-isaac-ben-judah.html.
  • Smith, William. "Hebrew Language," Smith's Bible Dictionary. Philadelphia: Universal Book and Bible House; Teachers edition, 1948.
  • Stroumsa, Sarah. Maimonides in His World: Portrait of a Mediterranean Thinker. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009.
  • Şeyhî Efendi, Köstendilli Süleyman, Şerh-i Nûnân, İ.B.B. Atatürk Kitaplığı Osman Ergin Yazmaları, 297.7, 92b-93a.
  • Yıldırım, Birol, Köstendilli Süleyman Şeyhî Efendi Hayatı Eserleri ve Tasavvufî Görüşleri, Erzurum: Ertual Akademi, 2016.

Letters and Existence : A Comparative Study Between Sefer Yetzirah and Ibn Arabi

Year 2019, Volume: 18 Issue: 36, 499 - 524, 30.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.14395/hititilahiyat.578396

Abstract

The Islamic world in the Middle Ages witnessed a remarkable activity of
Islamic and Jewish mysticism. This common geo-historical and epistemological backgrounds
were reflected in the mystical output of the two mysteries. It is clear that
there is an interaction between these two streams, as appears in the works of
the mystics of that era, especially the Jewish ones. This paper seeks to study
one aspect of the mystical interaction between the medieval Islamic and the
Jews mysticism which is  the letters and
their relation to existence through studying the works of Muhyiddin ibn Arabi
and  Sefer Yetzirah
(The book of creation) which is one of the most important books of Ka
bbalah attributed to
the Prophet Ibrahim. The study examined the points of convergence and divergence
between Sefer Yetzirah and Ibn Arabi by studying several issues on both
sides, including: the formative role of the letters, the nature of these
letters, their
order and their entities or
corresponding entities. The study concluded that there are many points of
convergence between Ibn Arabi and Sefer Yetzirah, as well as many points
of difference
. In addition to
this, Ibn Arabi’s works covers vaster and more detailed aspects of this subject
with reasonable explinations. The study concluded that the possibility of
Ibn Arabi being influenced by Sefer Yetzirah is lacking for evidence,
especially if we take into consideration that Ibn Arabi relayed on Quran and
prophet traditions to support his thoughts. Besides, there is no decisive
historical evidence for this claim. 

References

  • The Holy Quran
  • The Holy Bible
  • Abu Zayd, Nasr Hamid. Falsafatu’t- Ta’wîl. Beirut: Dâru’t- Tanwîr lit- Tibâʿa wa’n- Nashr & Dâru’l- Wihda lit- Tibâʿa wa’n- Nashr. 1983.
  • Afifi, Abul Ela. The Mystical Philosophy of Muhid Din Ibnul-Arabi. Cambridge: The University Press, 1939.
  • Al-Fayyūmî, Saʿîd. Sefer Yetzirah – Kitâbu’l- Mabâdi’. Kiryat Ono: Moshe Institute. 1999.
  • Benton, Christopher P. “An Introduction to the Sefer Yetzirah”. The Maqom Journal for Studies in Rabbinic Literature 7 (2004). http://www.maqom.com/journal/paper14.pdf.
  • Frye, Richard- Fisher, William Bayne, The Cambridge History of Iran. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1962.
  • Haji Khalifah, Mustafa. Kashf aẓ-Ẓunūn ‘an 'asāmī ‘l-Kutub wa'l-funūn. 2 Vol, Ed. Mehmed Şerafeddin Yaltkaya. Beirut: Dâru Ihyâ’it- Turâthi’l- Arabi, w.d.
  • Hirschfeld, Hartwig. “The Arabic Portion of the Cairo Genizah at Cambridge”. The Jewish Quarterly Review 15/ 2 (1903): 167-181.
  • Hirschfeld, Hartwig. “A Hebraeo-Sufic Poem”. Journal of the American Oriental Society 49 (1929): 168-173.
  • Ibn ʿArabî, Muhyiddîn. Rasâ’il Ibn ʿArabî. 2 Vol. Beirut: Al-Markizu’l- ʿArabî lid- Dirâsât. W.date. a copy of Dâiratul Ma'ârifi’l- Osmania’s edition in Hyderabad. 1361 AH.
  • Ibn ʿArabî, Muhyiddîn. Shajaratu’l- Kawn. Ed. Riyâd Al- Abdullâh. Beirut: Al- Markiz Al- ʿArabî lil- Kitâb. 1984.
  • Ibn ʿArabî, Muhyiddîn. Al-Futûhât Al-Makkiya.14 Vol .Ed. Osman Yahya. Egypt: Supreme Council of Culture in Cooperation with Institute of Graduate Studies of the Sorbonne University, General Egyptian Book Organization. 1958.
  • Ibn ʿArabî, Muhyiddîn. Al-Futûhât Al-Makkiya. 4 Vol. Beirut: Dâr Sâdir. W.date. a copy of Dâru’l- Kutubi’l- ʿarabiyya’s edeition in Egypt. 1329 AH.
  • Ibn ʿArabî, Muhyiddîn. Kitâbu’l- Mabâdi’ wal- Gayât fî Maʿâni’l- Hurûfi wal- Âyât wa Kitâbu’l- ʿaqdi’l- Manzûm Fîmâ tahwîhi’l- Hurûfu mina’l- Khawassi wa’l- ʿulûm. Ed. Saeed Abdulfattah. Beirut: Dâru’l- Kutubi’l- ʿilmiyya. 2006.
  • Khamisi, Saed. Ar- Ramziyya wa’t- Ta’wîl fî Falsafati Ibn ʿArabî As- Sûfiyya. PhD thesis: The University of Mentouri, Constantine, Algeria. 2005.
  • Khayri, Ahmed. ‘izâlatu’sh- Shubuhât ‘an Qawli’l- Ustâth Kunnâ Hurûfan ʿâliyât. Cairo: As- Saʿâda press. 1370 AH.
  • Kiener, Ronald.” Ibn al-'Arabí and the Qabbalah: A Study of Thirteenth-Century Iberian Mysticism”. Studies in Mystical Literature 2/2 (1982): 26-52.
  • Kohler, Kaufmann - Broydé, Issac. “Bahya Ben Joseph ibn Pakuda”. jewishencyclopedia.com. http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/2368-bahya-ben-joseph-ibn-pakuda
  • Malter, Henry. Saadia Gaon: His Life and Works. Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society of America, 1921.
  • Morris, James W. "...Except His Face: The Political and Aesthetic Dimensions of Ibn 'Arabi's Legacy". Journal of the Muhyiddîn Ibn 'Arabî Society 23 (1998): 19-31.
  • Nykl, Alois R. - Sprengling, Martin. “A Hebrew-Sufic Poem”. The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures 46/ 3 (1930): 203-204.
  • Palacios, Asin M. Ibn Arabi: Hayatuhu wa Madhhabuhu, trans. Abd al-Rahman Badawi, Kuwait: Wakalat al-Matbuat, 1979.
  • Rosenthal, Franz. “A Judaeo-Arabic Work Under Ṣûfic Influence”. Hebrew Union College Annual 15 (1940): 433-484.
  • Singer, Isidore (Ed.). “Ibn Ghayyat, Isaac Ben Juda'”. 1901 The Jewish Encyclopedia. Available at: https://www.studylight.org/encyclopedias/tje/i/ibn-ghayyat-isaac-ben-judah.html.
  • Smith, William. "Hebrew Language," Smith's Bible Dictionary. Philadelphia: Universal Book and Bible House; Teachers edition, 1948.
  • Stroumsa, Sarah. Maimonides in His World: Portrait of a Mediterranean Thinker. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009.
  • Şeyhî Efendi, Köstendilli Süleyman, Şerh-i Nûnân, İ.B.B. Atatürk Kitaplığı Osman Ergin Yazmaları, 297.7, 92b-93a.
  • Yıldırım, Birol, Köstendilli Süleyman Şeyhî Efendi Hayatı Eserleri ve Tasavvufî Görüşleri, Erzurum: Ertual Akademi, 2016.

Harfler ve Varlık Sefer Yetzirah ve İbn-i Arabi Arasında Karşılaştırmalı Bir Çalışma

Year 2019, Volume: 18 Issue: 36, 499 - 524, 30.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.14395/hititilahiyat.578396

Abstract

İslam dünyası Orta çağda, İslam
ve Y
ahudi tasavvufunda dikkat çekici
faaliyetlere tanık olmuştur. Bu tarihî, coğrafî ve
epistemolojik
ortaklık
İslam ve Yahudi tasavvufuna dair
ürünlerin ortaya çıkması olarak yansımıştır. O dönemde
Yahudi ve Müslüman
mutasavvıfların, özellikle
Yahudi mutasavvıfların
eserlerinde gör
üldüğü gibi, iki akım arasında
etkileşim açıkça görülmektedir. Bu çalışma orta çağdaki
İslam ve Yahudi
tasavvufları arasındaki etkileşiminin varsayımlarında birisi olan
;
harfler ve onların varlı
k ile ilişkisini her iki tarafça ele
alınan en önemli çalışmalar aracılığıyla incelemeyi

amaçlamaktadır. Konuya dair temel alınan
eserler, İslam
dünyasından İbn-i Arabi
(1156- 1240)  ve müellefatı, Yahudi
dünyasınd
an da, Kabbâla’nın en
önemli kitaplarından birisi olan ve İbrahim’e (a.s) atıf edilen
Sefer
Yetzirah 
(Yaratılış Kitabı)’dır. Çalışmamız İbn-i
Arabi’nin eserleriyle 
Sefer Yetzirah  arasındaki
ortak ve farklı noktaları takip edilerek yapılmıştır. Takip esnasında iki taraf
arasındaki; harflerin yaratılıştaki rolü, harflerin mahiyeti, sıralanması,
harflerden ortaya çıkan veya harflerle uyumlu olarak meydana gelen varlıklar ve
son olarak
ta Sefer
Yetzirah’
ın, İbn-i Arabi’ye etkileme
olasılığ
ının açıklama girişimleri
gibi bir kısım meseleyi ele almaktadır. Nihayetinde

çalışma İbn-i Arabi ile 
Sefer Yetzirah arasındaki
ortak ve farklı noktalar bulunduğu sonucuna varmıştır.
Ancak İbn-i
Arabi’nin çalışmaları daha kapsamlı ve
detaylı açıklamalar ve
gerekçelendirmelerle
dikkat çekmekte, bunun yanı sıra önermeleri
kıyaslamakla öne çıkmaktadır. Yapılan incelemeler neticesinde İbn-i Arabi’nin
görüşlerini desteklerken genellikle kitap ve sünnet ile temellendirdiğinden,
onun 
Sefer
Yetzirah’dan
 etkilenme olasılığı, delil gerektiren
bir mesele olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Zira İbn-i Arabi’nin 
Sefer
Yetzirah’
işimli eserden haberdar olduğunu
gösteren ne
kıraat ne de sema yoluyla tarihi bir kaynak yoktur.

References

  • The Holy Quran
  • The Holy Bible
  • Abu Zayd, Nasr Hamid. Falsafatu’t- Ta’wîl. Beirut: Dâru’t- Tanwîr lit- Tibâʿa wa’n- Nashr & Dâru’l- Wihda lit- Tibâʿa wa’n- Nashr. 1983.
  • Afifi, Abul Ela. The Mystical Philosophy of Muhid Din Ibnul-Arabi. Cambridge: The University Press, 1939.
  • Al-Fayyūmî, Saʿîd. Sefer Yetzirah – Kitâbu’l- Mabâdi’. Kiryat Ono: Moshe Institute. 1999.
  • Benton, Christopher P. “An Introduction to the Sefer Yetzirah”. The Maqom Journal for Studies in Rabbinic Literature 7 (2004). http://www.maqom.com/journal/paper14.pdf.
  • Frye, Richard- Fisher, William Bayne, The Cambridge History of Iran. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1962.
  • Haji Khalifah, Mustafa. Kashf aẓ-Ẓunūn ‘an 'asāmī ‘l-Kutub wa'l-funūn. 2 Vol, Ed. Mehmed Şerafeddin Yaltkaya. Beirut: Dâru Ihyâ’it- Turâthi’l- Arabi, w.d.
  • Hirschfeld, Hartwig. “The Arabic Portion of the Cairo Genizah at Cambridge”. The Jewish Quarterly Review 15/ 2 (1903): 167-181.
  • Hirschfeld, Hartwig. “A Hebraeo-Sufic Poem”. Journal of the American Oriental Society 49 (1929): 168-173.
  • Ibn ʿArabî, Muhyiddîn. Rasâ’il Ibn ʿArabî. 2 Vol. Beirut: Al-Markizu’l- ʿArabî lid- Dirâsât. W.date. a copy of Dâiratul Ma'ârifi’l- Osmania’s edition in Hyderabad. 1361 AH.
  • Ibn ʿArabî, Muhyiddîn. Shajaratu’l- Kawn. Ed. Riyâd Al- Abdullâh. Beirut: Al- Markiz Al- ʿArabî lil- Kitâb. 1984.
  • Ibn ʿArabî, Muhyiddîn. Al-Futûhât Al-Makkiya.14 Vol .Ed. Osman Yahya. Egypt: Supreme Council of Culture in Cooperation with Institute of Graduate Studies of the Sorbonne University, General Egyptian Book Organization. 1958.
  • Ibn ʿArabî, Muhyiddîn. Al-Futûhât Al-Makkiya. 4 Vol. Beirut: Dâr Sâdir. W.date. a copy of Dâru’l- Kutubi’l- ʿarabiyya’s edeition in Egypt. 1329 AH.
  • Ibn ʿArabî, Muhyiddîn. Kitâbu’l- Mabâdi’ wal- Gayât fî Maʿâni’l- Hurûfi wal- Âyât wa Kitâbu’l- ʿaqdi’l- Manzûm Fîmâ tahwîhi’l- Hurûfu mina’l- Khawassi wa’l- ʿulûm. Ed. Saeed Abdulfattah. Beirut: Dâru’l- Kutubi’l- ʿilmiyya. 2006.
  • Khamisi, Saed. Ar- Ramziyya wa’t- Ta’wîl fî Falsafati Ibn ʿArabî As- Sûfiyya. PhD thesis: The University of Mentouri, Constantine, Algeria. 2005.
  • Khayri, Ahmed. ‘izâlatu’sh- Shubuhât ‘an Qawli’l- Ustâth Kunnâ Hurûfan ʿâliyât. Cairo: As- Saʿâda press. 1370 AH.
  • Kiener, Ronald.” Ibn al-'Arabí and the Qabbalah: A Study of Thirteenth-Century Iberian Mysticism”. Studies in Mystical Literature 2/2 (1982): 26-52.
  • Kohler, Kaufmann - Broydé, Issac. “Bahya Ben Joseph ibn Pakuda”. jewishencyclopedia.com. http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/2368-bahya-ben-joseph-ibn-pakuda
  • Malter, Henry. Saadia Gaon: His Life and Works. Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society of America, 1921.
  • Morris, James W. "...Except His Face: The Political and Aesthetic Dimensions of Ibn 'Arabi's Legacy". Journal of the Muhyiddîn Ibn 'Arabî Society 23 (1998): 19-31.
  • Nykl, Alois R. - Sprengling, Martin. “A Hebrew-Sufic Poem”. The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures 46/ 3 (1930): 203-204.
  • Palacios, Asin M. Ibn Arabi: Hayatuhu wa Madhhabuhu, trans. Abd al-Rahman Badawi, Kuwait: Wakalat al-Matbuat, 1979.
  • Rosenthal, Franz. “A Judaeo-Arabic Work Under Ṣûfic Influence”. Hebrew Union College Annual 15 (1940): 433-484.
  • Singer, Isidore (Ed.). “Ibn Ghayyat, Isaac Ben Juda'”. 1901 The Jewish Encyclopedia. Available at: https://www.studylight.org/encyclopedias/tje/i/ibn-ghayyat-isaac-ben-judah.html.
  • Smith, William. "Hebrew Language," Smith's Bible Dictionary. Philadelphia: Universal Book and Bible House; Teachers edition, 1948.
  • Stroumsa, Sarah. Maimonides in His World: Portrait of a Mediterranean Thinker. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009.
  • Şeyhî Efendi, Köstendilli Süleyman, Şerh-i Nûnân, İ.B.B. Atatürk Kitaplığı Osman Ergin Yazmaları, 297.7, 92b-93a.
  • Yıldırım, Birol, Köstendilli Süleyman Şeyhî Efendi Hayatı Eserleri ve Tasavvufî Görüşleri, Erzurum: Ertual Akademi, 2016.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Arabic
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Malek Abdul Qader 0000-0001-6031-7702

Publication Date December 30, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 18 Issue: 36

Cite

ISNAD Abdul Qader, Malek. “الحروف والوجود: دراسة مقارنة بين سفر يتسراه وابن عربي”. Hitit Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 18/36 (December 2019), 499-524. https://doi.org/10.14395/hititilahiyat.578396.

Journal of Divinity Faculty of Hitit University is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

88x31.png

Journal of Divinity Faculty of Hitit University

Hitit Üniversity Divinity Faculty 

Mimar Sinan Mah. 3. Cad. 19100 ÇORUM

Tel: 0090 (364) 234 63 58 Faks: 0 (364) 2346357