Effect of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on treatment processes of patients with severe asthma who were managed with monoclonal antibody

Year 2022, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 78 - 83, 29.10.2022

Emel Atayık , Gökhan Aytekin

https://doi.org/10.52827/hititmedj.1125020

Abstract

Amaç: Ağır astımı olan hastalar, viral enfeksiyonların neden olduğu astım alevlenmeleri, hastanelerdeki SARS-CoV-2 viral yükü ve bazı kısıtlamalar nedeniyle sağlık tesislerine erişimdeki zorluklar nedeniyle özellikle SARS-CoV-2 enfeksiyonu için daha yüksek risk altındadır. Bundan dolayı monoklonal antikor (MAb) tedavisi alan hastalarda SARS-CoV-2 pandemisinin astım tedavisi ve kontrolü üzerindeki etkisini araştırılması amaçlandı.
Materyel-Metod: Ağır persistan astım tedavisi için MAb kullanan hastalar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Her hastadan onaylanmış bir Coronavirüs kaygı ölçeği ve mini bir anket doldurması istendi.
Bulgular:Ağır Astım nedeniyle MAb tedavisi alan 62 hasta (Kadın: 44; Erkek: 18) çalışmaya alındı. Mart-Nisan-Mayıs 2020'de hastaların tedaviye uyumu %56.5 idi. Sokağa çıkma yasağı, hastaların tedaviye uyumunu (%35.5) etkileyen en yaygın hükümetle ilgili faktörolarak saptandı. En yaygın bireysel faktör, SARS-CoV-2 kapma korkusuydu (%40.3). Tedaviye uyum sağlamayan hastalarda, MAb tedavisine uyan hastalara göre, semptomlarda artış ve astım için ek tedavi gereksinimi anlamlı olarak daha fazlaydı (p:0.034 ve p:0.013)
Sonuç: MAb tedavisi alan hastalarda hem resmi hem de bireysel nedenlerle tedaviye uyum azalmıştır. Bu durum acil servise astım şikayetleri ve ek tedavi ihtiyacı ile daha sık başvurulara neden olmuştur. Tüm bu bulgular, hastaların pandemiye rağmen MAb tedavilerini sürdürmeleri gerektiğini ve kılavuzlarda yayınlanan tavsiyelere uyarak SARS-CoV-2 enfeksiyon riskini en aza indirmeleri gerektiğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

COVİD 19, omalizumab, ağır astım, mepolizumab

Supporting Institution

YOK

Project Number

2021/018

Effect of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on treatment processes of patients with severe asthma who were managed with monoclonal antibody

Abstract

Background: Patients with severe asthma are at particularly higher risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection due to exacerbations of asthma caused by viral infections, SARS-CoV-2 viral load at hospitals and challenges in access to healthcare facilities due to some restrictions. Thus, we aimed to investigate effect of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on treatment and control of asthma in patients receiving monoclonal antibody MAb treatment.
Methods: The patients, who were using MAb for treatment of for severe persistent asthma, were enrolled. Each patient was asked to fill in a validated Coronavirus anxiety scale and a mini survey.
Results: Sixty-two patients (Female: 44; Male: 18), who were given MAb therapy for asthma, were enrolled. Patients’ treatment compliance was 56.5% in March-April-May 2020. Curfew was the most common government-related factors that have influenced patients’ compliance to treatment (35.5%). The most common individual factor was fear of contracting SARS-CoV-2 (40.3%). Exacerbated symptoms and need for additional treatment for asthma were significantly more common in patients, who were not compliant to treatment, compared to the patients adherent to MAb treatment (p: 0.034 and p:0.013)
Conclusion: Treatment compliance has reduced in patients, who take MAb treatment, due to both governmental and individual reasons. This has led to more common admissions to emergency department with complaints of asthma and need for an additional treatment. All these findings indicate that patients should maintain their MAb treatments despite the pandemic and that they should minimize the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection by following the recommendations published in the guidelines.

Keywords

SARS-CoV-, omalizumab, severe asthma, mepolizumab

Project Number

2021/018

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