Nanotechnogy Based Drug Delivery Systems in Migraine Treatment

Year 2021, Volume: 41 Issue: 1, 23 - 34, 01.01.2021

Tuğba Çopur , Sibel Bozdağ Levent Öner

Abstract

Migraine is a disease characterized by recurrent headache with high socio-economic burden accompanied by neurological symptoms as well as gastrointestinal and autonomic symptoms. None of the drugs used in the clinic for prophylactic and attack treatment have improved more than 50% in 50% of patients and also have serious side effects. Recently, the most studied molecules for developing specific treatment in migraine are 5-HT1F receptor agonists (ditans), Calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) receptor agonists (gepants), Anti-calcitonin gene related (CGRP) (receptor) peptide monoclonal antibodies, Anti-pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide / pituitary adenylate cyclase (PACAP /PAC1) and monoclonal antibodies. Specific treatment approaches are needed due to the short half-lives, first-pass effects, low bioavailability, frequent application and side effects of the drugs used in migraine treatment. By increasing the bioavailability and brain targeting of anti-migraine drugs with nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems, they can show their therapeutic effects and decrease their side effects. In this review, nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems for migraine treatment in the literature were evaluated. It is thought that the positive results obtained in these studies with mostly triptans will lead to promising results for future migraine treatment in the future.

Keywords

migraine, nanotechnology, drug delivery system, specific treatment

Migren Tedavisinde Nanoteknoloji Temelli İlaç Taşıyıcı Sistemler

Abstract

Migren, nörolojik semptomların yanı sıra gastrointestinal ve otonomik semptomların da eşlik ettiği sosyo-ekonomik yükü yüksek tekrarlayan baş ağrısı ile karakterize bir hastalıktır. Klinikte profilaktik tedavi ve atak tedavisinde kullanılan ilaçların hiçbiri hastaların % 50'sinde % 50'den daha fazla iyileşme sağlayamamış olup, aynı zamanda ciddi yan etkilere sahiptir. Son zamanlarda migrende spesifik tedavi geliştirmeye yönelik olarak üzerinde en çok çalışılan moleküller 5-HT1F reseptör agonistleri (ditanlar), Kalsitonin geni ilişkili peptit (CGRP) reseptör agonistleri (gepantlar), Anti-kalsitonin geni ilişkili (CGRP) (reseptör) peptit monoklonal antikorları, Anti-hipofiz adenilat siklaz aktive edici polipeptit/hipofiz adenilat siklaz (PACAP/PAC1) monoklonal antikorlarıdır. Migren tedavisinde kullanılan ilaçların kısa yarılanma ömürleri, ilk geçiş etkisine uğramaları, biyoyararlanımlarının düşük olması, sık tekrarlanmalarının gerekmesi ve yan etkileri nedeniyle spesifik tedavi yaklaşımlarına ihtiyaç vardır. Nanoteknoloji temelli ilaç taşıyıcı sistemler ile bilinen anti-migren ilaçların biyoyararlanımının ve beyin hedeflemesinin arttırılmasıyla terapötik etkilerini daha iyi göstermeleri ve yan etkilerinin azalması sağlanabilir. Bu derlemede, literatürde yer alan migren tedavisine yönelik nanoteknoloji temelli ilaç taşıyıcı sistemler değerlendirilmiştir. Daha çok triptanların yer aldığı bu çalışmalarda elde edilen olumlu sonuçların gelecekte migren tedavisi için umut verici tedavilerin ortaya çıkmasına yol açacağı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

migren, nanoteknoloji, ilaç taşıyıcı sistem, spesifik tedavi

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