Parental fear of crime in Housing Areas in the City Center: Example of Küçük Ayasofya

Year 2018, Volume: 6 Issue: 11, 91 - 114, 20.04.2018

Okşan Tandoğan

https://doi.org/10.20304/humanitas.335657

Abstract

Growing up in urban spaces brings many challenges for the child. As the
consequences of rapid urbanization are reflected negatively in the urban space,
the child is deprived of the possibilities offered to him by the physical
environment and his social, cultural and mental development are affected
negatively. Children who live in housing areas of the city center are also
affected more negatively. Children living in these areas that are functionally
and socially transformed into a heterogeneous structure do not have the freedom
to act independently because of parents' fear of traffic as well as fear of
crime. This fear of crime is a fact which has a considerable impact of the
daily lives of urban dwellers directly or indirectly by preventing urban open
spaces such as public parks, squares, plazas, streets being used; causing
routes preferred to travel between working places and dwelling places to
change; and causing roads and streets chosen for commerce to be altered.
Independent mobility of the child can be defined as the freedom to move around
and move in the neighborhood or city where the child lives without adult
supervision. The ability of the child to act independently has a positive
influence on the development of the child and is expressed as the essential
requirement for the child's personal development. In this study, it is aimed to
determine the relationship between the parents' fear of crime and the
independence of the child in the housing areas of the city center. The method
of the study consists of a field study and survey research. The study area is
Küçük Ayasofya Neighborhood, which is a historic city center that has undergone
rapid urbanization and where the residential areas have been currently
undergoing a functional and social change.

Keywords

Urbanization, Independent Mobility, Fear Of Crime, City Center, Parental Fear

Kent Merkezindeki Konut Alanlarında Ebeveynlerin Suç Korkusu: Küçük Ayasofya Örneği

Abstract

Kentsel mekânlarda büyümek çocuk için birçok zorluğu
beraberinde getirmektedir. Hızlı kentleşmenin getirdiği sonuçlar kentsel mekâna
olumsuz olarak yansımakta, çocuk fiziksel çevrenin kendine sunduğu olanaklardan
mahrum kalmakta, sosyal, kültürel, zihinsel gelişimleri olumsuz yönde
etkilenmektedir. Kent merkezindeki konut alanlarında yaşayan çocuklar bu
durumdan daha olumsuz olarak da etkilenmektedir. Fonksiyonel ve sosyal olarak
bir değişim içinde olan ve heterojen bir yapıya dönüşen bu alanlarda yaşayan
çocuklar, ebeveynlerin trafikten kaynaklanan endişeleri yanında suç korkusu nedeniyle
bağımsız hareket hakkına sahip değildir. Kentlerde yaşanan suç korkusu,
kentlilerin günlük yaşamını önemli ölçüde etkilemekte, park, meydan gibi bazı
kentsel mekânların kullanılmamasına, ev-iş arası seyahatlerde tercih edilen
güzergâhın ya da ticaret amacıyla seçilen cadde ve sokakların değişmesine ve
ticari girişimcilerin bu nedenle zarar görmesine dayalı birçok doğrudan ve
dolaylı olumsuz gelişmelere neden olan bir olgudur.  Çocuğun bağımsız hareket edebilirliği ise
çocuğun içinde yaşadığı mahallesi ya da kentinde yetişkin gözetimi olmaksızın
dolaşabilme, hareket edebilme özgürlüğü olarak tanımlanabilir. Çocuğun bağımsız
hareket edebilmesi çocuğun gelişiminde pozitif bir etkiye sahiptir ve çocuğun
kişisel gelişimi için temel zorunluluk olarak ifade edilir. Bu çalışma ile kent
merkezindeki yer alan konut alanlarında ebeveynlerin suç korkusu ile çocuğun
bağımsız hareket edebilirliği arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi
hedeflenmektedir. Çalışmanın yöntemi alan çalışmasıyla tarama araştırmasından
oluşmaktadır. Çalışma alanı kentleşmenin getirdiği sorunları belirgin bir
şekilde yaşayan ve şu an konut alanlarının fonksiyonel ve sosyal bir değişim
içinde olduğu tarihi bir kent merkezi olan ve Tarihi Yarımada’da bulunan Küçük
Ayasofya Mahallesi’dir.

Keywords

Kentleşme, Kent Merkezi, Bağımsız Hareketlilik, Suç Korkusu, Ebeveyn Suç Korkusu

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