TÜRK BANKACILIK SİSTEMİNDE DİJİTALLEŞME-KÂRLILIK ETKİLEŞİMİ
Year 2022,
, 184 - 200, 31.03.2022
Ahmet Ulusoy
,
Dr.öğretim Üyesi Serkan Demirel
Abstract
Dünyadaki gelişmelere paralel olarak Türk bankacılık sektörü hızla dijitalleşmektedir. Dijitalleşmenin sürdürülebilirliği ancak kârlılığın sağlanmasıyla mümkün olabilir. Bu sebeple bu çalışmada dijitalleşmenin bankaların aktif kârlılığı üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Dijital bankacılık müşteri memnuniyeti ve sadakatinin artmasına, işlem maliyetinin azalmasına ve bankaların kâr etmesine katkı sağlayarak kazanç artışına neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada 2008-2020 dönemi, çeyrek dönemlik veriler kullanılarak dijitalleşme ve kârlılık ilişkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar dijitalleşme ve kârlılık arasında pozitif bir ilişkinin varlığını ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar, hem mobil ve internet bankacılık kullanan müşteri sayısının hem de mobil bankacılık ve internet bankacılığı aracılığıyla yapılan işlem hacimlerinin aktif kârlılık üzerinde pozitif bir etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu durumun yanı sıra internet bankacılığı aracılıyla yapılan işlem hacmi büyüklüğünün bankaların aktif kârlılığı üzerinde etkili olan en önemli faktör olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca mobil bankacılık işlem hacminin kârlılık üzerindeki etkisinin internet bankacılığı işlem hacminin kârlılık üzerindeki etkisine göre daha düşük bir seviyede kaldığı bulunmuştur. Çalışma kapsamında elde edilen bir diğer sonuç ise mobil bankacılık müşteri sayısındaki artışın, internet bankacılığı müşteri sayısındaki artışa göre kârlılık üzerinde yaklaşık iki katlık bir etkiye sahip olduğudur.
References
- Abaenewe, Z.C., Ogbulu, O.M., & Ndugbu, M.O. (2013). Electronic Banking And Bank Performance In Nigeria. West African Journal of Industrial & Academic Research, 6(1), 171-187. https://doi.org/10.17706/ijeeee.2016.6.3.175-185
- Acharya, R.N., Kagan, A., & Lingam, S.R. (2008). Online Banking Applications and Community Bank Performance. The International Journal of Bank Marketing, 26(6), 418-439. https://doi.org/10.1108/02652320810902442
- Alin, A. (2010). Multicollinearity. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Computational Statistics, 2(3), 370-374. https://doi.org/10.1002/wics.84
- Arslan, G., & Yavuzaslan, K. (2019). Bankacılık sektöründe inovasyonun yeri ve önemi: Türkiye örneği. Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 7(2), 946-968.
- Athanasoglou, P.P., Brissimis, S.N., & Delis, M. D. (2008). Bank-specific, industry-specific and macroeconomic determinants of bank profitability. Journal of international financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 18(2), 121-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2006.07.001
- Auta, E. M. (2010). E-banking in developing economy: Empirical evidence from Nigeria, Journal of Applied Quantitive Methods, 5(2), 212-222.
- Bayoğlu, S. (2010). Türkiye’de internet bankacılığı adaptasyonunu etkileyen faktörlerin teknoloji-organizasyon-çevre modeli ile araştırılması. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, İstanbul, Kadir Has Üniversitesi.
- Chung, N., & Known, S. J. (2009), The effects of customers’ mobile experience and technical support on the intention to use mobile banking. CyberPsychology&Behavior. 12(5), 539-543. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2009.0014
- Çabuk, S., & İnan, H. (2005). İnternet aracılığıyla bankacılık hizmetlerinin pazarlaması. Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Öneri Dergisi, 6(23), 23-34.
- Dinh, V., Le, U. & Le, P. (2015). Measuring the impacts of internet banking to bank performance: Evidence from Vietnam. Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce, 20(2), 1-5.
- Erol, İ., Çınar, S., & Duramaz, S. (2015). Bankaların yeni gelir kaynağı: Elektronik bankacılık işlem ücretleri, Türk bankacılık sektöründe banka kârlılığı üzerindeki etkisi. AİBÜ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 15(2), 1-21.
- Glenn, H. P. (2014). Legal traditions of the world: Sustainable diversity in law. Oxford University Press, USA.
- Gupta, S. K., & Bansal, A. (2018). Young customer's attitude towards digital banking with special reference to pulic and private bank in uttrakhand. 8M: The Journal of Indian Management & Strategy, 23(4), 23-27.
Gujarati, D., & Porter, D. (2009). Essentials of Econometrics 4e. McGraw Hill.
- Karimzadeh, M., & Reza Sasouli, M. (2013). Contribution of internet banking toward profitability of banking in India. Acta Universitatis Danubius.Œconomica, 9(6), 57-68.
Karjaluoto, H., Pikkarainen, T., Pikkarainen, K., & Pahnila, S. (2004). Consumer acceptance of online banking: An extension of the technology acceptance model. Internet Research.
- Kathuo, S., Rotich, G., & Anyango, W. (2015). Effect of mobile banking on the financial performance of banking institutions in Kenya. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 2(98), 1440-1457.
- Kato, G.K., Otuya, W.I., Owunza, J.D., & Nato, J.A. (2014). Mobile banking and performance of commercial banks in Kenya. International Journal of Current Research, 6(12), 10670- 10674.
- Koo, C., Wati, Y., & Chung, N. (2013). A study of mobile and internet banking service: Applying for IS success model. Asia Pacific Journal of Information Systems, 23(1), 65-86.
- Malaquias, R.F., & Hwang, Y. (2016). An empirical study on trust in mobile banking: A developing country perspective. Computers in Human Behavior, 54, 453-461
- Mercia, M. C., Evren, O., & Hassan, T. (2002). Bank performance around the introduction of subsidiary banks in the US. Journal of Banking and Finance, 17, 389-40.
- Mutua, R. W. (2013). Effects of mobile banking on the financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi).
- Niemand, T., Rigtering, J. C., Kallmünzer, A., Kraus, S., & Maalaoui, A. (2021). Digitalization in the financial industry: A contingency approach of entrepreneurial orientation and strategic vision on digitalization. European Management Journal, 39(3), 317-326.
- Ojeka, S.A., Ikpefan, O.A. (2011). Electronic Commerce, Automationand Online Banking in Nigeria: Challenges and Benefits. School of Doctoral Studies (EuropeanUnion) Journal 1: 39-50.
- Singh, B., & Malhotra, P. (2004). Adoption of Internet banking: An empirical investigation of Indian banking sector. Journal of internet Banking and Commerce, 9(2), 9909-05.
- Tillman, J. A. (1975). The power of the Durbin-Watson test. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 959-974.
- Tunay, K.B., Tunay, N., & Akhisar, İ. (2015). Interaction between internet banking and bank performance: The Case of Europe. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195, 363- 368.
Türkiye Bankalar Birliği. (2021). 10.11. 2021 tarihinde https://www.tbb.org.tr/tr adresinden erişilmiştir.
- Uzun, U., & Berberoğlu, M. (2017). İnternet bankacılığı hizmetlerinin banka performansı üzerine etkisi. Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari İncelemeler Dergisi, (20), 51-62.
- Yavuz, A. E., & Babuşcu, Ş. (2017). Türk bankacılık sektöründe penetrasyon; internet bankacılığı ve mobil bankacılık ürünlerindeki penetrasyonun analizi. Başkent Üniversitesi Ticari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 2(1), 24-57.
- Yıldırım, F. (2011). Türkiye’de internet bankacılığı ürünleri üzerine pazar trend analizi. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(19), 129-141.
- Yu, C. S. (2014). Consumer switching behavior from online banking to mobile banking. International Journal of Cyber Society and Education, 7(1), 1-28.
- Zimmerman, G.C. (1996). Factors influencing community bank performance in California. Economic Review-Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, 26-40.
DIGITALIZATION-PROFITABILITY INTERACTION IN THE TURKISH BANKING SYSTEM
Year 2022,
, 184 - 200, 31.03.2022
Ahmet Ulusoy
,
Dr.öğretim Üyesi Serkan Demirel
Abstract
The Turkish banking sector is rapidly digitizing in parallel with the developments in the world. Sustainability of digitalization can only be possible by ensuring profitability. For this reason, the effect of digitalization on the return on assets of banks was examined. Digital banking leads to an increase in revenue by increasing customer satisfaction and loyalty, by decreasing transaction costs and contributing to profits. In this study, the relationship between digitalization and profitability was investigated by using quarterly data between 2008-2020. According to the analysis results obtained from the study, it is seen that there is a positive relationship between digitization and profitability. In addition, the results obtained from the study show that both the number of customers using mobile and internet banking and the transaction volumes made through mobile banking and internet banking have a positive effect on the return on assets. It has also been determined that the size of the transaction volume made through internet banking is the most crucial factor affecting banks' return on assets. Furthermore, it has been found that the effect of mobile banking transaction volume on profitability is lower than the effect of internet banking transaction volume on profitability. Another result obtained within the scope of the study is that the increase in the number of mobile banking customers has about a two-fold effect on profitability compared to the rise in the number of internet banking customers.
References
- Abaenewe, Z.C., Ogbulu, O.M., & Ndugbu, M.O. (2013). Electronic Banking And Bank Performance In Nigeria. West African Journal of Industrial & Academic Research, 6(1), 171-187. https://doi.org/10.17706/ijeeee.2016.6.3.175-185
- Acharya, R.N., Kagan, A., & Lingam, S.R. (2008). Online Banking Applications and Community Bank Performance. The International Journal of Bank Marketing, 26(6), 418-439. https://doi.org/10.1108/02652320810902442
- Alin, A. (2010). Multicollinearity. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Computational Statistics, 2(3), 370-374. https://doi.org/10.1002/wics.84
- Arslan, G., & Yavuzaslan, K. (2019). Bankacılık sektöründe inovasyonun yeri ve önemi: Türkiye örneği. Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 7(2), 946-968.
- Athanasoglou, P.P., Brissimis, S.N., & Delis, M. D. (2008). Bank-specific, industry-specific and macroeconomic determinants of bank profitability. Journal of international financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 18(2), 121-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2006.07.001
- Auta, E. M. (2010). E-banking in developing economy: Empirical evidence from Nigeria, Journal of Applied Quantitive Methods, 5(2), 212-222.
- Bayoğlu, S. (2010). Türkiye’de internet bankacılığı adaptasyonunu etkileyen faktörlerin teknoloji-organizasyon-çevre modeli ile araştırılması. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, İstanbul, Kadir Has Üniversitesi.
- Chung, N., & Known, S. J. (2009), The effects of customers’ mobile experience and technical support on the intention to use mobile banking. CyberPsychology&Behavior. 12(5), 539-543. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2009.0014
- Çabuk, S., & İnan, H. (2005). İnternet aracılığıyla bankacılık hizmetlerinin pazarlaması. Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Öneri Dergisi, 6(23), 23-34.
- Dinh, V., Le, U. & Le, P. (2015). Measuring the impacts of internet banking to bank performance: Evidence from Vietnam. Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce, 20(2), 1-5.
- Erol, İ., Çınar, S., & Duramaz, S. (2015). Bankaların yeni gelir kaynağı: Elektronik bankacılık işlem ücretleri, Türk bankacılık sektöründe banka kârlılığı üzerindeki etkisi. AİBÜ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 15(2), 1-21.
- Glenn, H. P. (2014). Legal traditions of the world: Sustainable diversity in law. Oxford University Press, USA.
- Gupta, S. K., & Bansal, A. (2018). Young customer's attitude towards digital banking with special reference to pulic and private bank in uttrakhand. 8M: The Journal of Indian Management & Strategy, 23(4), 23-27.
Gujarati, D., & Porter, D. (2009). Essentials of Econometrics 4e. McGraw Hill.
- Karimzadeh, M., & Reza Sasouli, M. (2013). Contribution of internet banking toward profitability of banking in India. Acta Universitatis Danubius.Œconomica, 9(6), 57-68.
Karjaluoto, H., Pikkarainen, T., Pikkarainen, K., & Pahnila, S. (2004). Consumer acceptance of online banking: An extension of the technology acceptance model. Internet Research.
- Kathuo, S., Rotich, G., & Anyango, W. (2015). Effect of mobile banking on the financial performance of banking institutions in Kenya. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 2(98), 1440-1457.
- Kato, G.K., Otuya, W.I., Owunza, J.D., & Nato, J.A. (2014). Mobile banking and performance of commercial banks in Kenya. International Journal of Current Research, 6(12), 10670- 10674.
- Koo, C., Wati, Y., & Chung, N. (2013). A study of mobile and internet banking service: Applying for IS success model. Asia Pacific Journal of Information Systems, 23(1), 65-86.
- Malaquias, R.F., & Hwang, Y. (2016). An empirical study on trust in mobile banking: A developing country perspective. Computers in Human Behavior, 54, 453-461
- Mercia, M. C., Evren, O., & Hassan, T. (2002). Bank performance around the introduction of subsidiary banks in the US. Journal of Banking and Finance, 17, 389-40.
- Mutua, R. W. (2013). Effects of mobile banking on the financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi).
- Niemand, T., Rigtering, J. C., Kallmünzer, A., Kraus, S., & Maalaoui, A. (2021). Digitalization in the financial industry: A contingency approach of entrepreneurial orientation and strategic vision on digitalization. European Management Journal, 39(3), 317-326.
- Ojeka, S.A., Ikpefan, O.A. (2011). Electronic Commerce, Automationand Online Banking in Nigeria: Challenges and Benefits. School of Doctoral Studies (EuropeanUnion) Journal 1: 39-50.
- Singh, B., & Malhotra, P. (2004). Adoption of Internet banking: An empirical investigation of Indian banking sector. Journal of internet Banking and Commerce, 9(2), 9909-05.
- Tillman, J. A. (1975). The power of the Durbin-Watson test. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 959-974.
- Tunay, K.B., Tunay, N., & Akhisar, İ. (2015). Interaction between internet banking and bank performance: The Case of Europe. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195, 363- 368.
Türkiye Bankalar Birliği. (2021). 10.11. 2021 tarihinde https://www.tbb.org.tr/tr adresinden erişilmiştir.
- Uzun, U., & Berberoğlu, M. (2017). İnternet bankacılığı hizmetlerinin banka performansı üzerine etkisi. Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari İncelemeler Dergisi, (20), 51-62.
- Yavuz, A. E., & Babuşcu, Ş. (2017). Türk bankacılık sektöründe penetrasyon; internet bankacılığı ve mobil bankacılık ürünlerindeki penetrasyonun analizi. Başkent Üniversitesi Ticari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 2(1), 24-57.
- Yıldırım, F. (2011). Türkiye’de internet bankacılığı ürünleri üzerine pazar trend analizi. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(19), 129-141.
- Yu, C. S. (2014). Consumer switching behavior from online banking to mobile banking. International Journal of Cyber Society and Education, 7(1), 1-28.
- Zimmerman, G.C. (1996). Factors influencing community bank performance in California. Economic Review-Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, 26-40.