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Investigation of Nutrition and Disease-Related Problem Areas in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 15 - 28, 21.02.2025
https://doi.org/10.48124/husagbilder.1590269

Öz

The aim of this study is to contribute to the development of effective strategies to improve diabetes management by examining the nutritional habits of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and the problem areas associated with their disease in detail.This cross-sectional study was conducted in Isparta, Burdur and Antalya, Turkey. Using the random sampling method, the researcher reached volunteer type 2 DM adult individuals. According to the results of the power analysis conducted to determine this study’s sample, it aimed to reach at least 984 male and female type 2 DM adult individuals. Demographic parameters of the type 2 DM adult individuals were recorded with a questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements were taken from the participants using a face-to-face interview technique. Problem areas of diabetes scale (PAID) was applied to the individuals participating and food consumption record was taken using “24-hour dietary recall” method. Energy (kcal/day), Protein (g/day), Carbohydrate (g/day), Fat (g/day), Fibre (g/day), Vitamin A (mcg/day), Vitamin C (mg/day), Vitamin E (mg/day), Vitamin B1 (mg/day), It was observed that there was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) according to the means of vitamin B12 (mcg/day), Sodium (mg/day), Calcium (mg/day), Iron (mg/day), Copper (mg/day), Phosphorus (mg/day) and Zinc (mg/day) measurements. It was determined that the macro and micronutrient intakes of individuals with a PAID score of 33 and above were significantly higher than the nutrient intake averages of individuals with a PAID score below 33. This shows the positive effects of nutritional adequacy on mood.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Azmoude E, Tafazoli M, Parnan A. Assessment of Family Functioning and Its Relationship to Quality of Life in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Women. Journal of Caring Sciences, 2016;5(3):231.
  • 2. Özdemir İ, Hocaoğlu Ç. Tip 2 diabetes mellitus ve yaşam kalitesi: Bir gözden geçirme. Göztepe Tıp Dergisi, 2009;24(2):73-78.
  • 3. Marathe PH, Gao HX, Close KL. American Diabetes Association standards of medical care in diabetes. Diabetes Care, 2017;40(1):1-135.
  • 4. Stoop C, Nefs G, Pop V, et al. Diabetes-specific emotional distress in people with Type 2 diabetes: a comparison between primary and secondary care. Diabet Med., 2014;31:1252-1259.
  • 5. Olgun N, Yalın H, Demir Gülyüz H. Diyabetli Birey Nasıl İzlenmelidir? Turkish Family Physician, 2011;2(3):6-18.
  • 6. Ovayolu N, Ovayolu Ö. Diyabette Özyönetim ve Diyabet Hemşiresinin Etkileri. Hemşirelik Forumu, 2014;6(2):21-27.
  • 7. Watkins KW, Connell CM, Fitzgerald JT, et al. Effect of adults’s selfregulation of diabetes on quality-of-life outcomes. Diabetes Care, 2000;23(10):1511-1515.
  • 8. Paschalides C, Wearden AJ, Dunkerley R, et al. The associations of anxiety, depression and personal illness representations with glycaemic control and health-related quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 2004;57(6):557-564.
  • 9. World Health Organization (WHO). Body mass index-BMI. 2022. https:// www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/ disease-prevention/nutrition/a-healthy-lifestyle/body-mass-index-bmi (accessed 6 September 2024).
  • 10. Welch GW, Jacobson AM, Polonsky WH. The Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale. An evaluation of its clinical utility. Diabetes Care, 1997;20:760-766.
  • 11. Snoek FJ, Pouwer F, Welch GW, et al. Diabetes-related emotional distress in Dutch and U.S. diabetic patients: cross-cultural validity of the problem areas in diabetes scale. Diabetes Care, 2000;23:1305-1309.
  • 12. Huis In’T Veld EM, Makine C, Nouwen A, et al. Validation of the Turkish version of the problem areas in diabetes scale. Cardiovasc Psychiatry Neurol., 2011;2011(1):315068.
  • 13. Hermanns N, Kulzer B, Krichbaum M, et al. How to screen for depression and emotional problems in patients with diabetes: comparison of screening characteristics of depression questionnaires, measurement of diabetes-specific emotional problems and standard clinical assessment. Diabetologia, 2006;49(3):469-477.
  • 14. Jonkers CF, Thomas J. Manual of Dietetic Practice. The British Journal of Nutrition. 2008;99(6):1394.
  • 15. Rakıcıoğlu N, Tek N, Ayaz A. et al. Yemek ve besin fotoğraf kataloğu: Ölçü ve miktarlar (5th ed.). Ankara: Merdiven Yayın. 2012.
  • 16. Erhardt J. Beslenme Bilgi Sistemi (BeBiS) [Nutrition Information System] 8 Full Version. İstanbul. 2017.
  • 17. Olokoba AB, Obateru OA, Olokoba LB. Type 2 diabetes mellitus: a review of current trends. Oman medical journal, 2012;27(4):269-273.
  • 18. Koç EM. Diyabet tanısıyla izlenen hastalarda yaşam kalitesi ve ilişkili faktörlerin incelenmesi: Türkiye için bir pilot çalışma. Konuralp Medical Journal, 2015;7(2):76-82.
  • 19. Ozder A, Sekeroglu M, Eker HH. Quality of life and satisfaction with treatment in subjects with type 2 diabetes: results from primary health care in Turkey. International Journal of clinical and experimental medicine, 2014;7(12):5715.
  • 20. Cheng AY. Canadian Diabetes Association 2013 clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and management of diabetes in Canada. Can J Diab, 2013;37:291-360.
  • 21. Knowler WC, Barrett-Connor E, Fowler SE, et al. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med., 2002;346:393-403.
  • 22. Erçakır M, Ayaz A. Tip 2 Diyabet Hastalarında Duygusal Stres Beslenme Durumunu Etkiler mi? Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi, 2017;45(3):234-241.
  • 23. Mekary RA, Giovannucci E, Willett WC, et al. Eating patterns and type 2 diabetes risk in men: Breakfast omission, eating frequency, and snacking. Am J Clin Nutr.,2012;95:1182-1189.
  • 24. Faulconbridge LF, Wadden TA, Rubin RR, et al. One-Year Changes in Symptoms of Depression and Weight in Overweight/Obese Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes in the Look AHEAD Study. Obesity, 2012;20(4):783-793.
  • 25. Davies MJ, D’Alessio DA, Fradkin J, et al. Management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes. A consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) Diabetes Care, 2018;41(12):2669-2701.
  • 26. Yamauchi T, Kamiya H, Utsunomiya K, et al. Medical nutrition therapy and dietary counseling for patients with diabetes-

Tip 2 Diyabetli Bireylerde Beslenme ve Hastalıkla İlişkili Sorun Alanlarının Araştırılması

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 15 - 28, 21.02.2025
https://doi.org/10.48124/husagbilder.1590269

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, tip 2 diabetes mellituslu (DM) bireylerin beslenme alışkanlıklarını ve hastalıklarıyla ilişkili sorun alanlarını ayrıntılı olarak inceleyerek diyabet yönetimini iyileştirmeye yönelik etkili stratejilerin geliştirilmesine katkıda bulunmaktır. Bu kesitsel çalışma Isparta, Burdur ve Antalya illerinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmacı, rastgele örnekleme yöntemini kullanarak gönüllü tip 2 DM’li yetişkin bireylere ulaşmıştır. Bu çalışmanın örneklemini belirlemek için yapılan güç analizi sonuçlarına göre en az 984 erkek ve kadın tip 2 DM’li yetişkin bireye ulaşılması hedeflenmiştir. Tip 2 DM’li yetişkin bireylerin demografik parametreleri bir anket formu ile kaydedilmiştir. Katılımcılardan yüz yüze görüşme tekniği kullanılarak antropometrik ölçümler alınmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan bireylere diyabetin sorun alanları ölçeği (DISA) uygulanmış ve “24 saatlik diyet hatırlama” yöntemi kullanılarak besin tüketim kaydı alınmıştır. Enerji (kcal/gün), Protein (g/gün), Karbonhidrat (g/gün), Yağ (g/gün), Lif (g/gün), A vitamini (mcg/gün), C vitamini (mg/gün), E vitamini (mg/gün), B1 vitamini (mg/gün), B12 vitamini (mcg/gün), Sodyum (mg/gün), Kalsiyum (mg/gün), Demir (mg/gün), Bakır (mg/gün), Fosfor (mg/gün) ortalamalarına göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olduğu görülmüştür (p<0.05), B12 vitamini (mcg/gün), Sodyum (mg/gün), Kalsiyum (mg/gün), Demir (mg/gün), Bakır (mg/gün), Fosfor (mg/gün) ve Çinko (mg/gün) ölçümlerinin ortalamalarına göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olduğu görülmüştür. DISA skoru 33 ve üzeri olan bireylerin makro ve mikro besin alımlarının, DISA skoru 33’ün altında olan bireylerin besin alım ortalamalarına göre anlamlı derecede yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu da beslenme yeterliliğinin ruh hali üzerindeki olumlu etkilerini göstermektedir.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Azmoude E, Tafazoli M, Parnan A. Assessment of Family Functioning and Its Relationship to Quality of Life in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Women. Journal of Caring Sciences, 2016;5(3):231.
  • 2. Özdemir İ, Hocaoğlu Ç. Tip 2 diabetes mellitus ve yaşam kalitesi: Bir gözden geçirme. Göztepe Tıp Dergisi, 2009;24(2):73-78.
  • 3. Marathe PH, Gao HX, Close KL. American Diabetes Association standards of medical care in diabetes. Diabetes Care, 2017;40(1):1-135.
  • 4. Stoop C, Nefs G, Pop V, et al. Diabetes-specific emotional distress in people with Type 2 diabetes: a comparison between primary and secondary care. Diabet Med., 2014;31:1252-1259.
  • 5. Olgun N, Yalın H, Demir Gülyüz H. Diyabetli Birey Nasıl İzlenmelidir? Turkish Family Physician, 2011;2(3):6-18.
  • 6. Ovayolu N, Ovayolu Ö. Diyabette Özyönetim ve Diyabet Hemşiresinin Etkileri. Hemşirelik Forumu, 2014;6(2):21-27.
  • 7. Watkins KW, Connell CM, Fitzgerald JT, et al. Effect of adults’s selfregulation of diabetes on quality-of-life outcomes. Diabetes Care, 2000;23(10):1511-1515.
  • 8. Paschalides C, Wearden AJ, Dunkerley R, et al. The associations of anxiety, depression and personal illness representations with glycaemic control and health-related quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 2004;57(6):557-564.
  • 9. World Health Organization (WHO). Body mass index-BMI. 2022. https:// www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/ disease-prevention/nutrition/a-healthy-lifestyle/body-mass-index-bmi (accessed 6 September 2024).
  • 10. Welch GW, Jacobson AM, Polonsky WH. The Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale. An evaluation of its clinical utility. Diabetes Care, 1997;20:760-766.
  • 11. Snoek FJ, Pouwer F, Welch GW, et al. Diabetes-related emotional distress in Dutch and U.S. diabetic patients: cross-cultural validity of the problem areas in diabetes scale. Diabetes Care, 2000;23:1305-1309.
  • 12. Huis In’T Veld EM, Makine C, Nouwen A, et al. Validation of the Turkish version of the problem areas in diabetes scale. Cardiovasc Psychiatry Neurol., 2011;2011(1):315068.
  • 13. Hermanns N, Kulzer B, Krichbaum M, et al. How to screen for depression and emotional problems in patients with diabetes: comparison of screening characteristics of depression questionnaires, measurement of diabetes-specific emotional problems and standard clinical assessment. Diabetologia, 2006;49(3):469-477.
  • 14. Jonkers CF, Thomas J. Manual of Dietetic Practice. The British Journal of Nutrition. 2008;99(6):1394.
  • 15. Rakıcıoğlu N, Tek N, Ayaz A. et al. Yemek ve besin fotoğraf kataloğu: Ölçü ve miktarlar (5th ed.). Ankara: Merdiven Yayın. 2012.
  • 16. Erhardt J. Beslenme Bilgi Sistemi (BeBiS) [Nutrition Information System] 8 Full Version. İstanbul. 2017.
  • 17. Olokoba AB, Obateru OA, Olokoba LB. Type 2 diabetes mellitus: a review of current trends. Oman medical journal, 2012;27(4):269-273.
  • 18. Koç EM. Diyabet tanısıyla izlenen hastalarda yaşam kalitesi ve ilişkili faktörlerin incelenmesi: Türkiye için bir pilot çalışma. Konuralp Medical Journal, 2015;7(2):76-82.
  • 19. Ozder A, Sekeroglu M, Eker HH. Quality of life and satisfaction with treatment in subjects with type 2 diabetes: results from primary health care in Turkey. International Journal of clinical and experimental medicine, 2014;7(12):5715.
  • 20. Cheng AY. Canadian Diabetes Association 2013 clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and management of diabetes in Canada. Can J Diab, 2013;37:291-360.
  • 21. Knowler WC, Barrett-Connor E, Fowler SE, et al. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med., 2002;346:393-403.
  • 22. Erçakır M, Ayaz A. Tip 2 Diyabet Hastalarında Duygusal Stres Beslenme Durumunu Etkiler mi? Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi, 2017;45(3):234-241.
  • 23. Mekary RA, Giovannucci E, Willett WC, et al. Eating patterns and type 2 diabetes risk in men: Breakfast omission, eating frequency, and snacking. Am J Clin Nutr.,2012;95:1182-1189.
  • 24. Faulconbridge LF, Wadden TA, Rubin RR, et al. One-Year Changes in Symptoms of Depression and Weight in Overweight/Obese Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes in the Look AHEAD Study. Obesity, 2012;20(4):783-793.
  • 25. Davies MJ, D’Alessio DA, Fradkin J, et al. Management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes. A consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) Diabetes Care, 2018;41(12):2669-2701.
  • 26. Yamauchi T, Kamiya H, Utsunomiya K, et al. Medical nutrition therapy and dietary counseling for patients with diabetes-
Toplam 26 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Hizmetleri ve Sistemleri (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Hatice Baygut 0000-0003-1703-1420

Yayımlanma Tarihi 21 Şubat 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 23 Kasım 2024
Kabul Tarihi 13 Şubat 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Baygut H. Tip 2 Diyabetli Bireylerde Beslenme ve Hastalıkla İlişkili Sorun Alanlarının Araştırılması. Haliç Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2025;8(1):15-28.