Regular Physical Exercise Effect on Well-being Levels of University Students

Year 2018, Vol:5 ,No:2, 31 - 39, 06.09.2018

Serkan Pekçetin , Özgü İnal

https://doi.org/10.21020/husbfd.421254

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Objective: Despite the fact that the
importance of regular exercise for a healthy life is getting better understand
every day; technological advances, business life, urbanization and other
factors negatively affect human health and cause individuals to stay away doing
exercise. Although different definitions of well-being in the literature;
generally, it is an optimal health-orientated way of life and well-being where
the body, mind, and spirit are united to fully functionally live in the social
and natural environment of the individual. The aim of this study was to compare
the levels of well-being of university students who do and do not regular
physical exercise.

Material and Methods: In this study, 108
individuals between 18-23 years old who do regular physical exercise (Group I)
and do not (Group II) were evaluated. The Well Star Scale (WSS) was used for
the determination of the well-being levels of the individuals.

Results: It was determined that, there were
statistically significant differences in terms of meaning of life/being goal oriented, emotional and physical sub-dimensions of WSS in favor of Group I
(p<.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the
groups in terms of cognitive and social subtests of The Well Star Scale
(p>.05).

Conclusion: The results of the study
show that regular physical exercise has positive effects not only on the
physical well-being but also on the well-being of the individuals in different
fields such as emotional and meaning of life/being goal oriented. For this
reason, gaining a regular physical exercise habit will lead to an increase in
the well-being of university students in different fields. 

Keywords

Physical exercise, wellness, student

Düzenli Fiziksel Egzersizin Üniversite Öğrencilerinin İyilik Haline Etkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Sağlıklı yaşam için düzenli
egzersizin önemi her geçen gün daha çok anlaşılmasına rağmen; teknolojik
ilerlemeler, iş yaşamı, kentleşme ve diğer faktörler insan sağlığını olumsuz
etkileyerek bireylerin egzersizden uzak kalmasına neden olmaktadır. İyilik
halinin literatürde farklı tanımları olmakla birlikte genel olarak; bireyin
sosyal ve doğal çevrede tam fonksiyonel olarak yaşaması için bedenin, zihnin ve
ruhun birleştiği, en uygun sağlık yönelimli yaşam biçimi ve iyi olma durumu
olarak tanımlamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, düzenli fiziksel egzersiz yapan ve
yapmayan üniversite öğrencilerinin iyilik hali düzeylerinin
karşılaştırmaktı. 

Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada 18-23 yaş
arası düzenli fiziksel egzersiz yapan (Grup I) ve yapmayan (Grup II) 108 birey
değerlendirildi. Bireylerin İyilik hali düzeylerinin belirlenmesinde İyilik
Hali Yıldızı Ölçeği (İHYÖ) kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Araştırmanın sonucunda,
İHYÖ’nin yaşamı anlamlandırma/hedef odaklı olma, duygusal ve fiziksel alt
boyutlarının düzenli fiziksel egzersiz yapan grup lehine istatistiksel olarak
anlamlı olduğu belirlendi (p<.05). 
Bilişsel ve sosyal alt boyutlar ile iyilik hali arasında ise gruplar
arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmadı (p>.05).

Sonuç: Araştırmanın sonuçları düzenli
fiziksel egzersizin yalnızca fiziksel iyilik hali üzerine değil aynı zamanda
bireylerin duygusal ile yaşamı anlamlandırma/hedef odaklı olma gibi farklı
alanlardaki iyilik hallerine de olumlu etkilerini göstermektedir. Bu nedenle,
düzenli fiziksel egzersiz alışkanlığının kazandırılması, üniversite
öğrencilerinin farklı alanlardaki iyilik hallerinin artmasına yol açacaktır.

Keywords

Fiziksel egzersiz, iyilik hali, öğrenci

References

• Atik, G., & Yalçın, İ. (2010). Counseling needs of educational sciences students at the Ankara University. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2), 1520-1526.
• Bottorff, J. L., Seaton, C. L., Johnson, S. T., Caperchione, C. M., Oliffe, J. L., More, K.ve diğerleri (2015). An updated review of interventions that include promotion of physical activity for adult men. Sports Medicine, 45(6), 775-800.
• Consolvo, S., Klasnja, P., McDonald, D. W., & Landay, J. A. (2014). Designing for healthy lifestyles: Design considerations for mobile technologies to encourage consumer health and wellness. Foundations and Trends® in Human–Computer Interaction, 6(3–4), 167-315.
• Cramer, S. R., Nieman, D. C., & Lee, J. W. (1991). The effects of moderate exercise training on psychological well-being and mood state in women. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 35(4-5), 437-449.
• Çelik, N. D., & Owen, F. K. (2017). Sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarının iyilik halini yordayıcılığı. Journal of Strategic Research in Social Science, 3(3), 69-88.
• Doğan, T. (2006). Üniversite öğrencilerinin iyilik halinin incelenmesi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 30(30), 120-129.
• DSÖ (2018) Frequently asked questions. http://www.who.int/suggestions/faq/en/ adresinden elde edildi.
• Dubois, E. (2006). Assessment of health-promoting factors in college students' lifestyles (Doktora Tezi). http://etd.auburn.edu/handle/10415/314 adresinden elde edildi.Edwards, S. (2002). Physical exercise and psychological wellness. International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, 4(2), 40-46.
• El Ansari, W.; Stock, C. (2010) Is the health and wellbeing of university students associated with their academic performance? Cross sectional findings from the United Kingdom. International Journal of Environment Research Public Health. 7, 509-527.
• Holm-Hadulla, R. M., & Koutsoukou-Argyraki, A. (2015). Mental health of students in a globalized world: Prevalence of complaints and disorders, methods and effectivity of counseling, structure of mental health services for students. Mental Health & Prevention, 3(1-2), 1-4.
• Hicks, J. A., & King, L. A. (2007). Meaning in life and seeing the big picture: Positive affect and global focus. Cognition and Emotion, 21(7), 1577-1584.
• Kirtland, K. A., Porter, D. E., Addy, C. L., Neet, M. J., Williams, J. E., Sharpe, P. A., ve diğerleri (2003). Environmental measures of physical activity supports: perception versus reality. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 24(4), 323-331
• Kitzrow, M. A. (2009). The mental health needs of today's college students: Challenges and recommendations. NASPA Journal, 46(4), 646-660.
• Korkut-Owen, F., Demirbaş-Çelik, N., & Doğan, T. (2017). Üniversite öğrencilerinde iyilik halinin yordayıcısı olarak psikolojik sağlamlık. Electronic Journal of Social Sciences, 16(64), 1461-1479.
• Malik, S. H., Blake, H., & Suggs, L. S. (2014). A systematic review of workplace health promotion interventions for increasing physical activity. British Journal of Health Psychology, 19(1), 149-180.
• Mikolajczyk, R. T., Brzoska, P., Maier, C., Ottova, V., Meier, S., Dudziak, U., ve diğerleri (2008). Factors associated with self-rated health status in university students: a cross-sectional study in three European countries. BMC Public Health, 8(1), doi:10.1186/1471-2458-8-215
• Miller, G., & Foster, L. T. (2010). Critical synthesis of wellness literature.1-32. https://dspace.library.uvic.ca/bitstream/handle/1828/2894/Critical_Synthesis%20of%20Wellness%20Update.pdf?sequence=5 adresinden elde edildi.
• Myers, J. E., Sweeney, T. J., & Witmer, J. M. (2000). The wheel of wellness counseling for wellness: A holistic model for treatment planning. Journal of Counseling & Development, 78(3), 251-266.
• Nahas, M. V., Goldfine, B., & Collins, M. A. (2003). Determinants of physical activity in adolescents and young adults: The basis of high school and college physical education to promote active lifestyles. Physical Educator, 60(1), 42-57.
• Owen, F. K., Doğan, T., Çelik, N. D., & Owen, D. W. (2016). Development of The Well Star Scale İyilik Hali Yıldızı Ölçeği'nin geliştirilmesi. Journal of Human Sciences, 13(3), 5013-5031.
• Schultheiss, O. C., & Brunstein, J. C. (1999). Goal imagery: Bridging the gap between implicit motives and explicit goals. Journal of Personality, 67(1), 1-38.
• Schuster, T. L., Dobson, M., Jauregui, M., & Blanks, R. H. (2004). Wellness lifestyles I: A theoretical framework linking wellness, health lifestyles, and complementary and alternative medicine. The Journal of Alternative & Complementary Medicine, 10(2), 349-356.
• Steger, M. F., Frazier, P., Oishi, S., & Kaler, M. (2006). The meaning in life questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53(1), 80-93.
• Stock, C., Kücük, N., Miseviciene, I., Grima, F. G., Petkeviciene, J., Aguinaga-Ontoso, I., ve diğerleri (2002). Differences in health complaints between university students from three European countries. European Journal of Public Health, 12(4), 26-27.
• Szabo, A. (2003). The acute effects of humor and exercise on mood and anxiety. Journal of Leisure Research, 35(2), 152-162.
• Vanhees, L., Lefevre, J., Philippaerts, R., Martens, M., Huygens, W., Troosters, T., & Beunen, G. (2005). How to assess physical activity? How to assess physical fitness?. European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation, 12(2), 102-114.
• Zajas, J. J.ve Zajas, J. R. M. (1994) “Planning your total career and life portfolio: Part 1: A model for management development ”, Executive Development, 7(2), 19-21.
• Zautra, A. J., Hall, J. S., & Murray, K. E. (2010). A new definition of health for people and communities. Handbook of adult resilience, https://books.google.com.tr/books?hl=tr&lr=&id=lyRc8ZshU98C&oi=fnd&pg=PA3&dq=A+new+definition+of+health+for+people+and+communities.+&ots=fx2IR8Zy3u&sig=wP1mHaFZjS7PVNFvI4Rrzc74JAQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=A%20new%20definition%20of%20health%20for%20people%20and%20communities.&f=false adresinden elde edildi.