Genç Erişkinlerde Fiziksel Aktiviteye Katılım Motivasyonu ve Engellerinin İncelenmesi

Year 2020, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 260 - 270, 31.12.2020

Özgü İnal , Berna Tunçer

https://doi.org/10.21020/husbfd.733077

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, genç erişkin bireylerde fiziksel aktiviteye katılım motivasyonu ve engellerinin incelenmesi amacı ile planlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 19-24 yaş arası, 222 üniversite öğrencisi dahil edildi. Çalışmada demografik bilgi formu, Fiziksel Aktiviteye Katılım Motivasyon Ölçeği (FAKMÖ) ve Fiziksel Aktivite Engelleri Ölçeği (FAEÖ) kulanıldı.
Bulgular: Fiziksel aktivite engelleri ve fiziksel aktiviteye katılım motivasyonu arasındaki korelasyon incelendiğinde; FAEÖ Total ve FAKMÖ Total arasında negatif yönde orta şiddette korelasyon saptandı (r=-0.41, p<0.01). Üniversite döneminde düzenli fiziksel aktivite yapma durumu ile FAEÖ Total arasında negatif (r=-0.26, p= p<0.01) ve FAKMÖ Total puanı arasında pozitif yönde korelasyon saptandı (r=0.14, p=0.04).
Sonuç: Bulgular, fiziksel aktiviteye katılma motivasyonunun birçok açıdan fiziksel aktivite engelleriyle ilişkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Çalışma aynı zamanda bu yaş grubundaki bireylerin fiziksel aktivite için yüksek motivasyona sahip olduğunu, ancak düzenli fiziksel aktivite oranlarının yetersiz olduğunu göstermiştir.

Keywords

fiziksel aktivite, motivasyon, üniversite

Investigation of Motivation for Participation in Physical Activity and Barriers in Young Adults

Abstract

Aim: The study has been conceived to investigate motivation and barriers of physical activity participation in young adults.
Material and Methods: Two hundred and twenty-two university students aged 19-24 years included in this study. Demographic information form, Motivation Scale For Participation In Physical Activity (MSPPA) and Physical Activity Barriers Questionnaire (PABQ) were used in the study.
Results: When the correlation between physical activity barriers and motivation to participate in physical activity was evaluated, a moderate negative correlation was found between PABQ Total and MSPPA Total (r=-0.41, p<0.01). It was found that; regular physical activity during the university period had a negative correlation with PABQ Total (r=-0.26; p<0.01) and a positive correlation with MSPPA Total (r=0.14, p=0.04).
Conclusion: Findings showed that motivation to participate in physical activity was associated with physical activity barriers in many aspects. The study also demonstrated that individuals in this age group had a high motivation for physical activity, but the rates of regular physical activity were insufficient. 

Keywords

Physical Activity, motivation, university

References

• Allison, K. R., Dwyer, J. J., & Makin, S. (1999). Self-efficacy and participation in vigorous physical activity by high school students. Health Education & Behavior, 26(1), 12-24.
• Babic, M. J., Morgan, P. J., Plotnikoff, R. C., Lonsdale, C., White, R. L., & Lubans, D. R. (2014). Physical activity and physical self-concept in youth: systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports medicine, 44(11), 1589-1601.
• Bowles, H. R., Morrow Jr, J. R., Leonard, B. L., Hawkins, M., & Couzelis, P. M. (2002). The association between physical activity behavior and commonly reported barriers in a worksite population. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 73(4), 464-470.
• Canadian Fitness and Lifestyle Research Institute. Bulletin 04: Barriers to physical activity. Available from: URL: https://www.cflri.ca/document/bulletin-04-barriers-physical-activity [31.03.2020]. Castro, O., Bennie, J., Vergeer, I., Bosselut, G., & Biddle, S. J. (2020). How Sedentary Are University Students? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Prevention Science, 21(3), 332-343. Castro, O., Bennie, J., Vergeer, I., Bosselut, G., & Biddle, S. J. (2018). Correlates of sedentary behaviour in university students: A systematic review. Preventive medicine, 116, 194-202.
• Chau, J. Y., Grunseit, A. C., Chey, T., Stamatakis, E., Brown, W. J., Matthews, C. E., ... & van der Ploeg, H. P. (2013). Daily sitting time and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis. PloS one, 8(11).
• Cohen-Mansfield, J., Marx, M. S., & Guralnik, J. M. (2003). Motivators and barriers to exercise in an older community-dwelling population. Journal of aging and physical activity, 11(2), 242-253.
• Daskapan, A., Tuzun, E.H., & Eker, L. (2006). Perceived barriers to physical activity in university students. Journal of sports science & medicine, 5(4), 615.
• Demir, G. T., & Cicioğlu, H. İ. (2018). Motivation Scale For Participation In Physical Activity (MSPPA): A study of validity and reliability Fiziksel Aktiviteye Katılım Motivasyonu Ölçeği (FAKMÖ): Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Journal of Human Sciences, 15(4), 2479-2492.
• Department of Health, Human Services, Washington, DC., & Healthy People 2010 (Group). (2000). Healthy people 2010: Understanding and improving health. US Department of Health and Human Services.
• Donnelly, J. E., Hillman, C. H., Castelli, D., Etnier, J. L., Lee, S., Tomporowski, P., ... & Szabo-Reed, A. N. (2016). Physical activity, fitness, cognitive function, and academic achievement in children: a systematic review. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 48(6), 1197.
• Hoare, E., Stavreski, B., Jennings, G. L., & Kingwell, B. A. (2017). Exploring motivation and barriers to physical activity among active and inactive Australian adults. Sports, 5(3), 47.
• Iso-Ahola, S. E. (1999). Motivational foundations of leisure. Leisure studies: Prospects for the twenty-first century, 35-51.
• Kim, S. E., Kim, J. W., & Jee, Y. S. (2015). Relationship between smartphone addiction and physical activity in Chinese international students in Korea. Journal of behavioral addictions, 4(3), 200-205.
• Lovell, G. P., El Ansari, W., & Parker, J. K. (2010). Perceived exercise benefits and barriers of non-exercising female university students in the United Kingdom. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 7(3), 784-798.
• Mansoubi, M., Pearson, N., Biddle, S. J., & Clemes, S. (2014). The relationship between sedentary behaviour and physical activity in adults: a systematic review. Preventive medicine, 69, 28-35.
• Matthews, C. E., Chen, K. Y., Freedson, P. S., Buchowski, M. S., Beech, B. M., Pate, R. R., & Troiano, R. P. (2008). Amount of time spent in sedentary behaviors in the United States, 2003–2004. American journal of epidemiology, 167(7), 875-881. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwm390.
• Ortega, F. B., Ruiz, J. R., Castillo, M. J., & Sjöström, M. (2008). Physical fitness in childhood and adolescence: a powerful marker of health. International journal of obesity, 32(1), 1-11.
• Patterson, R., McNamara, E., Tainio, M., de Sá, T. H., Smith, A. D., Sharp, S. J., ... & Wijndaele, K. (2018). Sedentary behaviour and risk of all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality, and incident type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and dose response meta-analysis.
• Roychowdhury, D. (2020). Using Physical Activity to Enhance Health Outcomes Across the Life Span. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology, 5(1), 2. Roychowdhury, D. (2018). Functional significance of participation motivation on physical activity involvement.
• Schutzer, K. A., & Graves, B. S. (2004). Barriers and motivations to exercise in older adults. Preventive medicine, 39(5), 1056-1061.
• Singh, A., & Singh, H. (2019). Relationship between smartphone usage, leisure-time physical activity and body mass index among young male adults. International Journal of Yogic, Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 4(1), 1342-1348.
• Trost, S. G., Owen, N., Bauman, A. E., Sallis, J. F., & Brown, W. (2002). Correlates of adults’ participation in physical activity: review and update. Medicine & science in sports & exercise, 34(12), 1996-2001.
• World Health Organization. Global recommendations on physical activity for health. Available from: URL:https://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/publications/9789241599979/en/ [31.03.2020].
• World Health Organization. Available from: URL: http:// www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/disease-prevention/nutrition/a-healthy-lifestyle/body-mass-index-bmi [31.03.2020]
• Yurtçiçek, A. G. S., & Şahin, N. H. The Study Of The Valıdıty And Relıabılıty Of The Turkısh Versıon Of Physıcal Actıvıty Barrıers Questıonnaıre, The Journal of Academic Social Science. 2018;6(71), 396-404.