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Şiddete Tanıklık Etmiş Çocukların Sosyal ve Dil Gelişimleri ile Ebeveynlerine Yönelik Müdahale Programı: Koza Projesi

Year 2015, 3rd National Congress of Child Development and Education (International Participations) (Congress Book), - , 24.06.2015

Abstract

AMAÇ

Ülkemizde  şiddete  maruz  kalan  kadınlar  ve  beraberindeki  çocukları  için belediye  ve  sivil toplum kuruluşları ile Aile ve Sosyal Politikalar Bakanlığına bağlı kadın konukevlerinde barınma hizmeti sunulmaktadır. Kadın konukevinde kalmakta olan, çoğunlukla düşük sosyo-ekonomik düzeyden gelen ve şiddete tanıklık eden çocuklara yönelik bilgimiz dahilinde, ülke çapında uygulanan bir müdahale programı bulunmamaktadır. Bu programda çocukların sosyal ve dil gelişimleri ile annelerin ebeveynlik becerilerinin desteklenmesi hedeflenmektedir.

GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM

Çocuklar için iki farklı yaş grubuna yönelik olarak sosyal gelişimlerini ve dil gelişimlerini desteklemeyi amaçlayan program, haftalık üç saat olmak üzere bir ay süre ile devam edilmiştir. Benzer şekilde anneler için ebeveynlik becerilenini geliştirmeye yönelik program ise toplamda 12 saat uzunluğundadır.

BULGULAR

Dört hafta süren program sonrasında katılımcı annelerin ebeveynlik becerileri ön test ve son test puanları ile çocukların dil gelişim ve sosyal beceri ortalamalarında ön test ve son test değerleri arasında gelişme gözlenmiştir.

SONUÇ

Yapılan uygulama sonrasında kadın konukevlerinde kalmakta olan kadınların sık sık yer değiştirmek zorunda kalmaları nedeni ile katılım oranında düşüklük göstermiştir. Bu sebeple istatiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık ölçümlenememiştir. Ancak bireysel sonuçlardaki gelişme, programın düzenli katılım olması halinde etkili olduğunu göstermektedir. 

Bu  sonuçlar  ışığında,  düşük  sosyoekonomik  düzey  ve  şiddete  tanıklık  etmeleri  nedeniyle  iki  kat  risk altında bulunan bu çocuklara yönelik müdahalelerin kısa süreli olarak bile uygulanmasının yarar sağladığı görülmektedir. Bu özel gruba yapılacak olan müdahale programlarının ülke çapında yaygınlaştırılması büyük önem taşımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Risk grupları, Şiddete tanıklık eden çocuklar, Müdahale Programı

References

  • Anderson, C. A. & Bushman, B. J. (2002). Human Aggression. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 27-51. Bandura, A. (2001). Social Cognitive Theory: An Agentic Perspective. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 1-26. Baydar, N., Küntay, A., Cemalcılar, Z., & Gökşen, F. (2011) Türkiye’de Erken Çocukluk Gelişim Ekolojiler
  • Araştırması Klavuzu. İstanbul: Koç Üniversitesi ve TEÇGE çalışması.
  • Benitez, J. L., Fernandez, M., Justicia, F., Fernandez, E. & Justicia, A. (2011). Results of the Aprender a Convivir Program for Development of Social Competence and Prevention of Antisocial Behavior in Four- year-old Children. School Psychology International, 32(1), 3-19.
  • Berkule-Silberman, S., Dreyer, B., Huberman, H., Klass, P., & Mendelsohn, A. (2010). Sources of parenting information in low SES mothers. Clinical Pediatrics, 49(6), 560-568.
  • Berument, S.K. & Güven, A.G., TİFALDİ Alıcı Dil Kelime Alt Testi Kullanım Kılavuzu. “Kültür ve Turizm
  • Bakanlığı”, 734, (2010).
  • Bradley, R. H., & Corwyn, R. F. (2002). Socioeconomic status and child development. Annual Review of
  • Psychology, 53, 371–399.
  • Center for Child ve Family Health, (t.y.). The needs of children in Domestic Violence Shelters: A Toolkit to Assist North Carolina Domestic Violence Agencies and Other Service Providers to Identify and Respond to Children Exposed to Domestic Violence, Durham, N.C., http://www.childvefamilypolicy.duke.edu/pdfs/ projects/CCFH_Toolkit.pdf adresinden elde edildi.
  • Fish, M., & Pinkerman, B. (2003). Language skills in low-SES rural Appalachian children: Normative development and individual differences, infancy to preschool. Applied Developmental Psychology, 23,
  • −565.
  • Fivush, R. ve Nelson, K. (2004). Culture and Language in the Emergence of Autobiographical Memory.
  • American Psychological Society, 15 ( 9), 573-577.
  • Hoff, E. (2003). The Specificity of Environmental Influence: Socioeconomic Status Affects Early Vocabulary
  • Development Via Maternal Speech. Child Development, 74(5), 1368–1378.
  • Howell, K. H., Miller, L. E., Lilly, M. M. & Graham-Bermann, S. A. (2013). Fostering Social Competence in Preschool Children Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence: Evaluating the Preschool Kids’ Club Intervention. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 22, 425–445.
  • Joseph, S., Govender, K. & Bhagwanjee, A. (2006). “I can’t see him hit her again, I just want to run away…, hide and block my ears”: A Phenomenological Analysis of a Sample of Children’s Coping Responses to Exposure to Domestic Violence, Journal of Emotional Abuse, 6(4).
  • Jouriles, E. N., McDonald, R., Rosenfield, D., Stephens, N., Corbitt-Shindler, D. & Miller, P. C. (2009).
  • Reducing Conduct Problems Among Children Exposed to Intimate Partner
  • Violence: A Randomized Clinical Trial Examining Effects of Project Support. Journal of Consulting and
  • Clinical Psychology, 77(4), 705–717.
  • Kagitcibasi, C., Sunar, D., & Bekman, S. (2001). Long-term effects of early intervention: Turkish low-income mothers and children. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 22(4), 333-361.
  • Karaaslan, O., Diken, I., & Mahoney, G. (2011). The Effectiveness of the Responsive Teaching Parent-mediated Developmental Intervention Programme in Turkey: A pilot study. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 58(4), 359-372.
  • Kitzmann, K. M., Gaylord, N. K., Holt, A. R. & Kenny, E. D. (2003). Child Witnesses to Domestic Violence: A Meta-Analytic Review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 71(2), 339-352.
  • Küntay, A. (2004). Effect of Maternal Education on Turkish Mother’ Styles of Reminiscing With Their
  • Children. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 19(54), 19-35.
  • Leigh,P., Nievar, M.A., ve Nathans, L. (2011). Maternal Sensitivity and Language in Early Childhood: a Test of the Transactional Model. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 113(1), 281-299.
  • Love, J. M., Kisker, E. E., Ross, C., Raikes, H., Constantine, J., Boller, K., ... & Vogel, C. (2005). The effectiveness of Early Head Start for 3-year-old children and their parents: Lessons for policy and programs. Developmental psychology,41(6), 885.
  • McDonald R., Jouriles, E. N. & Skopp, N. A. (2006). Reducing Conduct Problems Among Children Brought to Women’s Shelters: Intervention Effects 24 Months Following Termination of Services. Journal of Family Psychology, 20(1), 127–136.
  • Naigles, L. R. (2002). Form is easy, meaning is hard: Resolving a paradox in early child language. Cognition,
  • (2), 157-199.
  • Paterson, G. ve Sanson, A. (1999). The association of behavioral adjustment to temperament, parenting and family characteristics among 5 year old children, Social Development, 8, 293-309.
  • Pears, K. C., Kim, H. K., & Fisher, P. A. (2008). Psychosocial and Cognitive Functioning of Children with
  • Specific Profiles of Maltreatment. Child Abuse & Neglect, 32, 958–971.
  • Pereira, P. C., D’Affonseca, S. M., & Williams, L. A. (2013). A feasibility pilot intervention program to teach parenting skills to mothers of poly-victimized children. Journal Of Family Violence, 28(1), 5-15.
  • Pollard-Durodola, S. D., Gonzalez, J. E., Simmons, D. C., Kwok, O., Taylor, A. B., Davis, M. J., ... & Simmons, L. (2011). The effects of an intensive shared book-reading intervention for preschool children at risk for vocabulary delay. Exceptional Children, 77(2), 161-183.
  • Rea, J. G., & Rossman, B. R. (2005). Children exposed to interparental violence: Does parenting contribute to functioning over time?. Journal of emotional abuse, 5(1), 1-28.
  • Reese, E., Leyva, D., Sparks, A., & Grolnick, W. (2010). Maternal elaborative reminiscing increases low-income children’s narrative skills relative to dialogic reading. Early Education and Development, 21(3), 318-342.
  • Salzinger, S., Rosario, M., Feldman R. S. & Ng-Mak, D. S. (2008). Aggressive Behavior in Response to Violence Exposure: Is It Adaptive for Middle-school Children? Journal Of Communıty Psychology, 36 (8),1008-1025.
  • Mayıs 2015, Salı, Sözel Bildiriler XIV, Yeşil Salon, Saat: 17.00 - 18.15
  • SS060
  • Schiff, R. ve Lotem, E. (2010). Effects of phonological and morphological awareness on children’s word reading development from two socioeconomic backgrounds. First Language, 31(2) 139–163.
  • Slough, N. M., McMahon, R. J., & Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group (2008). Preventing Serious
  • Conduct Problems in School-Age Youth: The Fast Track Program.
  • Stevens, C., Lauinger, B. ve Neville, H. (2009). Differences in the neural mechanisms of selective attention in children from different socioeconomic backgrounds: An even-related brain potential study. Developmental Science, 12(4):634-646.
  • Swick, K. (2005). Helping homeless families overcome barriers to successful functioning. Early Childhood
  • Education Journal, 33(3), 195–200.
  • Swick, K. J. (2009). Strengthening homeless parents with young children through meaningful parent education and support. Early Childhood Education Journal, 36(4), 327-332.
  • Webster-Stratton, C., & Reid, M. J. (2004). Strengthening Social and Emotional Competence in Young Children: The Foundation for Early School Readiness and Success: Incredible Years Classroom Skills and Problem Solving Curriculum?. Journal of Infants and Young Children, 17(2), 196–213.
  • Yağmurlu, B. ve Sanson, A. (2009a). The role of child temperament, parenting and culture in the development of prosocial behaviors. Australian Journal of Psychology, 61, 77-88.

-

Year 2015, 3rd National Congress of Child Development and Education (International Participations) (Congress Book), - , 24.06.2015

Abstract

AMAÇ Ülkemizde şiddete maruz kalan kadınlar ve beraberindeki çocukları için belediye ve sivil toplum kuruluşları ile Aile ve Sosyal Politikalar Bakanlığına bağlı kadın konukevlerinde barınma hizmeti sunulmaktadır. Kadın konukevinde kalmakta olan, çoğunlukla düşük sosyo-ekonomik düzeyden gelen ve şiddete tanıklık eden çocuklara yönelik bilgimiz dahilinde, ülke çapında uygulanan bir müdahale programı bulunmamaktadır. Bu programda çocukların sosyal ve dil gelişimleri ile annelerin ebeveynlik becerilerinin desteklenmesi hedeflenmektedir.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM Çocuklar için iki farklı yaş grubuna yönelik olarak sosyal gelişimlerini ve dil gelişimlerini desteklemeyi amaçlayan program, haftalık üç saat olmak üzere bir ay süre ile devam edilmiştir. Benzer şekilde anneler için ebeveynlik becerilenini geliştirmeye yönelik program ise toplamda 12 saat uzunluğundadır. BULGULAR Dört hafta süren program sonrasında katılımcı annelerin ebeveynlik becerileri ön test ve son test puanları ile çocukların dil gelişim ve sosyal beceri ortalamalarında ön test ve son test değerleri arasında gelişme gözlenmiştir.SONUÇ Yapılan uygulama sonrasında kadın konukevlerinde kalmakta olan kadınların sık sık yer değiştirmek zorunda kalmaları nedeni ile katılım oranında düşüklük göstermiştir. Bu sebeple istatiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık ölçümlenememiştir. Ancak bireysel sonuçlardaki gelişme, programın düzenli katılım olması halinde etkili olduğunu göstermektedir

References

  • Anderson, C. A. & Bushman, B. J. (2002). Human Aggression. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 27-51. Bandura, A. (2001). Social Cognitive Theory: An Agentic Perspective. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 1-26. Baydar, N., Küntay, A., Cemalcılar, Z., & Gökşen, F. (2011) Türkiye’de Erken Çocukluk Gelişim Ekolojiler
  • Araştırması Klavuzu. İstanbul: Koç Üniversitesi ve TEÇGE çalışması.
  • Benitez, J. L., Fernandez, M., Justicia, F., Fernandez, E. & Justicia, A. (2011). Results of the Aprender a Convivir Program for Development of Social Competence and Prevention of Antisocial Behavior in Four- year-old Children. School Psychology International, 32(1), 3-19.
  • Berkule-Silberman, S., Dreyer, B., Huberman, H., Klass, P., & Mendelsohn, A. (2010). Sources of parenting information in low SES mothers. Clinical Pediatrics, 49(6), 560-568.
  • Berument, S.K. & Güven, A.G., TİFALDİ Alıcı Dil Kelime Alt Testi Kullanım Kılavuzu. “Kültür ve Turizm
  • Bakanlığı”, 734, (2010).
  • Bradley, R. H., & Corwyn, R. F. (2002). Socioeconomic status and child development. Annual Review of
  • Psychology, 53, 371–399.
  • Center for Child ve Family Health, (t.y.). The needs of children in Domestic Violence Shelters: A Toolkit to Assist North Carolina Domestic Violence Agencies and Other Service Providers to Identify and Respond to Children Exposed to Domestic Violence, Durham, N.C., http://www.childvefamilypolicy.duke.edu/pdfs/ projects/CCFH_Toolkit.pdf adresinden elde edildi.
  • Fish, M., & Pinkerman, B. (2003). Language skills in low-SES rural Appalachian children: Normative development and individual differences, infancy to preschool. Applied Developmental Psychology, 23,
  • −565.
  • Fivush, R. ve Nelson, K. (2004). Culture and Language in the Emergence of Autobiographical Memory.
  • American Psychological Society, 15 ( 9), 573-577.
  • Hoff, E. (2003). The Specificity of Environmental Influence: Socioeconomic Status Affects Early Vocabulary
  • Development Via Maternal Speech. Child Development, 74(5), 1368–1378.
  • Howell, K. H., Miller, L. E., Lilly, M. M. & Graham-Bermann, S. A. (2013). Fostering Social Competence in Preschool Children Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence: Evaluating the Preschool Kids’ Club Intervention. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 22, 425–445.
  • Joseph, S., Govender, K. & Bhagwanjee, A. (2006). “I can’t see him hit her again, I just want to run away…, hide and block my ears”: A Phenomenological Analysis of a Sample of Children’s Coping Responses to Exposure to Domestic Violence, Journal of Emotional Abuse, 6(4).
  • Jouriles, E. N., McDonald, R., Rosenfield, D., Stephens, N., Corbitt-Shindler, D. & Miller, P. C. (2009).
  • Reducing Conduct Problems Among Children Exposed to Intimate Partner
  • Violence: A Randomized Clinical Trial Examining Effects of Project Support. Journal of Consulting and
  • Clinical Psychology, 77(4), 705–717.
  • Kagitcibasi, C., Sunar, D., & Bekman, S. (2001). Long-term effects of early intervention: Turkish low-income mothers and children. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 22(4), 333-361.
  • Karaaslan, O., Diken, I., & Mahoney, G. (2011). The Effectiveness of the Responsive Teaching Parent-mediated Developmental Intervention Programme in Turkey: A pilot study. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 58(4), 359-372.
  • Kitzmann, K. M., Gaylord, N. K., Holt, A. R. & Kenny, E. D. (2003). Child Witnesses to Domestic Violence: A Meta-Analytic Review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 71(2), 339-352.
  • Küntay, A. (2004). Effect of Maternal Education on Turkish Mother’ Styles of Reminiscing With Their
  • Children. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 19(54), 19-35.
  • Leigh,P., Nievar, M.A., ve Nathans, L. (2011). Maternal Sensitivity and Language in Early Childhood: a Test of the Transactional Model. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 113(1), 281-299.
  • Love, J. M., Kisker, E. E., Ross, C., Raikes, H., Constantine, J., Boller, K., ... & Vogel, C. (2005). The effectiveness of Early Head Start for 3-year-old children and their parents: Lessons for policy and programs. Developmental psychology,41(6), 885.
  • McDonald R., Jouriles, E. N. & Skopp, N. A. (2006). Reducing Conduct Problems Among Children Brought to Women’s Shelters: Intervention Effects 24 Months Following Termination of Services. Journal of Family Psychology, 20(1), 127–136.
  • Naigles, L. R. (2002). Form is easy, meaning is hard: Resolving a paradox in early child language. Cognition,
  • (2), 157-199.
  • Paterson, G. ve Sanson, A. (1999). The association of behavioral adjustment to temperament, parenting and family characteristics among 5 year old children, Social Development, 8, 293-309.
  • Pears, K. C., Kim, H. K., & Fisher, P. A. (2008). Psychosocial and Cognitive Functioning of Children with
  • Specific Profiles of Maltreatment. Child Abuse & Neglect, 32, 958–971.
  • Pereira, P. C., D’Affonseca, S. M., & Williams, L. A. (2013). A feasibility pilot intervention program to teach parenting skills to mothers of poly-victimized children. Journal Of Family Violence, 28(1), 5-15.
  • Pollard-Durodola, S. D., Gonzalez, J. E., Simmons, D. C., Kwok, O., Taylor, A. B., Davis, M. J., ... & Simmons, L. (2011). The effects of an intensive shared book-reading intervention for preschool children at risk for vocabulary delay. Exceptional Children, 77(2), 161-183.
  • Rea, J. G., & Rossman, B. R. (2005). Children exposed to interparental violence: Does parenting contribute to functioning over time?. Journal of emotional abuse, 5(1), 1-28.
  • Reese, E., Leyva, D., Sparks, A., & Grolnick, W. (2010). Maternal elaborative reminiscing increases low-income children’s narrative skills relative to dialogic reading. Early Education and Development, 21(3), 318-342.
  • Salzinger, S., Rosario, M., Feldman R. S. & Ng-Mak, D. S. (2008). Aggressive Behavior in Response to Violence Exposure: Is It Adaptive for Middle-school Children? Journal Of Communıty Psychology, 36 (8),1008-1025.
  • Mayıs 2015, Salı, Sözel Bildiriler XIV, Yeşil Salon, Saat: 17.00 - 18.15
  • SS060
  • Schiff, R. ve Lotem, E. (2010). Effects of phonological and morphological awareness on children’s word reading development from two socioeconomic backgrounds. First Language, 31(2) 139–163.
  • Slough, N. M., McMahon, R. J., & Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group (2008). Preventing Serious
  • Conduct Problems in School-Age Youth: The Fast Track Program.
  • Stevens, C., Lauinger, B. ve Neville, H. (2009). Differences in the neural mechanisms of selective attention in children from different socioeconomic backgrounds: An even-related brain potential study. Developmental Science, 12(4):634-646.
  • Swick, K. (2005). Helping homeless families overcome barriers to successful functioning. Early Childhood
  • Education Journal, 33(3), 195–200.
  • Swick, K. J. (2009). Strengthening homeless parents with young children through meaningful parent education and support. Early Childhood Education Journal, 36(4), 327-332.
  • Webster-Stratton, C., & Reid, M. J. (2004). Strengthening Social and Emotional Competence in Young Children: The Foundation for Early School Readiness and Success: Incredible Years Classroom Skills and Problem Solving Curriculum?. Journal of Infants and Young Children, 17(2), 196–213.
  • Yağmurlu, B. ve Sanson, A. (2009a). The role of child temperament, parenting and culture in the development of prosocial behaviors. Australian Journal of Psychology, 61, 77-88.
There are 50 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Poster Presentation
Authors

Aybegüm Memişoğlu

Zeynep Ertekin This is me

Duygu Taşfiliz

Publication Date June 24, 2015
Submission Date June 24, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 3rd National Congress of Child Development and Education (International Participations) (Congress Book)

Cite

APA Memişoğlu, A., Ertekin, Z., & Taşfiliz, D. (2015). Şiddete Tanıklık Etmiş Çocukların Sosyal ve Dil Gelişimleri ile Ebeveynlerine Yönelik Müdahale Programı: Koza Projesi. Hacettepe University Faculty of Health Sciences Journal.