Türkçe Gürültüde Konuşmayı Anlama Testi: Erişkin İşitme Taramalarına Yeni Bakış Açısı

Year 2023, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 352 - 364, 31.08.2023

Aysun Parlak Kocabay , Emre Gürses , Didem Türkyılmaz

https://doi.org/10.21020/husbfd.1131495

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı yetişkin işitme tarama testlerinde kullanılmak üzere hızlı ve pratik bir Türkçe Gürültüde Konuşmayı Anlama Testi (GKAT) geliştirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: GKAT, sabit sinyal gürültü oranlarında fonetik dengeli 25 adet tek heceli kelimenin çoklu konuşmacı gürültüsü içerisine eklenmesiyle oluşturulmuştur. Sinyal 70 dB ses basınç seviyesinde sabit olup, gürültü şiddeti değiştirilerek 6 farklı Sinyal gürültü oranı (SGO) oluşturulmuştur: +10 dB, +6 dB, +3 dB, 0 dB, -3 dB, -6 dB. 20-60 yaş arasındaki 106 birey çalışmamıza dahil edilmiştir.
Bulgular: 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-60 yaş gruplarının +10, +6, +3, 0, -3, -6 SGO oranlarında GKAT ortalama değerleri oluşturulmuştur. Yaş grupları içerisinde SGO değişimine göre GKAT skorlarının değişimi değerlendirilmiş, tüm yaş gruplarında sinyal gürültü oranının azalması ile konuşmayı ayırt etme skorlarındaki düşüş istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0.01).
Sonuç: Yetişkin işitme taramalarında kullanılmak üzere, günlük hayattaki işitsel performansı yansıtacak şekilde oluşturulan Türkçe Gürültüde Konuşmayı Anlama Testi alana sunulmuştur.

Keywords

gürültüde konuşmayı anlama, işitme taraması, işitme kaybı

Turkish Speech in Noise Test: The New Perspective in Adult Hearing Screening

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop a quick and practical Turkish speech in noise test for use in adult hearing screening tests.
Materials and Methods: The Turkish speech in noise test was created by including 25 phonetically balanced monosyllabic words at constant signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) into the multi-speaker noise. The signal was stable at 70 dB SPL and 6 different SNR were created changing the noise level: +10 dB, +6 dB, +3 dB, 0 dB, -3 dB, -6 dB SNR. In total, 106 individuals between the ages of 20-60 were included in our study.
Results: The mean data for the 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-60 age groups were created with +10 dB, +6 dB, +3 dB, 0 dB, -3 dB, -6 dB SNR. The change in Turkish speech in noise test scores according to the SNR values within age groups was evaluated, and the decrease in speech discrimination scores derived from decreasing SNR were found to be statistically significant in all age groups (p<0.01).
Conclusion: The Turkish speech in noise test created to reflect the auditory performance in everyday life was presented to the field for adult hearing screenings.

Keywords

speech in noise, hearing screening, hearing loss

References

• Akşit, A. (1994). Konuşmayı ayırt etme testi için izofonik tek heceli kelime listelerinin oluşturulması. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi, İstanbul.
• Cekic, S., & Sennaroglu, G. (2008). The Turkish hearing in noise test. International Journal of Audiology, 47(6), 366-368.
• Cesur, S., & Derinsu, E. U. (2017). Effect Of Aging On Temporal Resolution. Turkish Journal of Geriatrics/Türk Geriatri Dergisi, 20(3).
• Grandori, F., Tognola, G., & Paglialonga, A. (2012). A novel approach for adult hearing screening. Paper presented at the Audiology And Neuro-Otology.
• Jansen, S., Luts, H., Wagener, K. C., Frachet, B., & Wouters, J. (2010). The French digit triplet test: a hearing screening tool for speech intelligibility in noise. International Journal of Audiology, 49(5), 378-387.
• Killion, M. C., & Niquette, P. A. (2000). What can the pure-tone audiogram tell us about a patient's SNR loss? The Hearing Journal, 53(3), 46-48.
• Koopmans, W. J., Goverts, S. T., & Smits, C. (2018). Speech Recognition Abilities in Normal-Hearing Children 4 to 12 Years of Age in Stationary and Interrupted Noise. Ear and hearing.
• Leensen, M. C., de Laat, J. A., & Dreschler, W. A. (2011). Speech-in-noise screening tests by internet, part 1: test evaluation for noise-induced hearing loss identification. International Journal of Audiology, 50(11), 823-834.
• Nilsson M., Soli S. and Sullivan A. (1994). Development of the Hearing in Noise Test for the measurement of speech reception thresholds in quiet and in noise. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 95(2).
• Nondahl, D. M., Cruickshanks, K. J., Wiley, T. L., Tweed, T. S., Klein, R., & Klein, B. E. K. (1998). Accuracy of self-reported hearing loss. Audiology, 37(5), 295-301.
• Paglialonga, A., Grandori, F., & Tognola, G. (2013). Using the Speech Understanding in Noise (SUN) Test for Adult Hearing Screening1. American journal of audiology, 22(1), 171-174. Popelka, M. M., Cruickshanks, K. J., Wiley, T. L., Tweed, T. S., Klein, B. E., & Klein, R. (1998). Low prevalence of hearing aid use among older adults with hearing loss: the Epidemiology of Hearing Loss Study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 46(9), 1075-1078.
• Selekler, K., Cangoz, B., & Uluc, S. (2010). Power of discrimination of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) Scale in Turkish patients with mild cognitive impairement and Alzheimer's disease. Turkish Journal Of Geriatrics-Turk Geriatri Dergisi, 13(3), 166-171.
• Smits, C., Kramer, S. E., & Houtgast, T. (2006). Speech reception thresholds in noise and self-reported hearing disability in a general adult population. Ear and hearing, 27(5), 538-549.
• Souza, P. E., Boike, K. T., Witherell, K., & Tremblay, K. (2007). Prediction of speech recognition from audibility in older listeners with hearing loss: effects of age, amplification, and background noise. Journal of the American Academy of Audiology, 18(1), 54-65.
• Trumble, S., & Piterman, L. (1992). Hearing loss in the elderly. A survey in general practice. The Medical Journal of Australia, 157(6), 400-404.
• Wilson, R. H., Abrams, H. B., & Pillion, A. L. (2003). A word-recognition task in multitalker babble using a descending presentation mode 24 dB signal to 0 dB signal to babble. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 40(4), 321.
• Zokoll, M. A., Fidan, D., Türkyılmaz, D., Hochmuth, S., Ergenç, İ., Sennaroğlu, G., & Kollmeier, B. (2015). Development and evaluation of the Turkish matrix sentence test. International journal of audiology, 54(sup2), 51-61.
• Zokoll, M. A., Wagener, K. C., Brand, T., Buschermöhle, M., & Kollmeier, B. (2012). Internationally comparable screening tests for listening in noise in several European languages: The German digit triplet test as an optimization prototype. International Journal of Audiology, 51(9), 697-707.