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Ultrason Eşliğinde Yapılan Popliteal Arter ve Diz Kapsülü Arası İnfiltrasyon Bloğu (IPACK) için Hangi Pozisyon En İdealdir?

Year 2025, Volume: 22 Issue: 1, 121 - 126
https://doi.org/10.35440/hutfd.1589058

Abstract

Amaç: IPACK blok diz arka kapsülü ile popliteal arter arasına lokal anestezik enjeksiyon yöntemi ile siyatik sinirin derin diz dallarını etkilemeyi amaçlar. Bu blokla dizin motor fonksiyonları korunarak ağrı azaltılır. Çalışmamızda prone, supine ve kurbağa bacağı (fleksiyon, abduksiyon) pozisyonunda usg ile ölçümler yaparak blok için en ideal pozisyonu tespit etmek ve bu pozisyonlarda görüntü kalitesini tespit etmeyi amaçladık. Çalışmamızda farklı hasta pozisyonlarının IPACK blok uygulamasındaki etkinli-ği ve görüntü kalitesine etkisi araştırılmıştır.
Materyal ve metod: Gönüllülere prone, supine ve kurbağa bacağı (fleksiyon, abduksiyon) pozisyonu verildi ve USG ile popliteal arter ve diz kapsülü mesafelerinin cilde olan uzaklığı ölçüldü, kayıt edildi. Görüntü kaliteleri çok kötü, kötü, vasat, iyi, çok iyi olmak üzere beş kategoriye ayrıldı ve kayıt edildi.
Bulgular: Çalışmamızda popliteal arter mesafe ölçümümüz prone pozisyonda cilde en yakındı (p<0,01). Diz kapsülü mesafe ölçümlerimizde kurbağa bacağı pozisyonu cilde en yakın olarak ölçüldü (p<0,01). En kaliteli görüntü prone pozisyonda tespit edildi (p<0,01). Vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ) ile görüntü kali-tesi arasında negatif yönlü zayıf ilişki tespit ettik (VKİ arttıkça görüntü kalitesi düşen) ( p<0,05).
Sonuç: IPACK blok için prone pozisyonun popliteal arter mesafesi ve görüntü kalitesi açısından en uygun pozisyon olduğunu tespit ettik. Hastaya özel durumlar ve ek blok uygulama ihtiyacı nedeniyle farklı pozisyonlar da tercih edilebilir. Farklı USG prob ve pozisyonlarda geniş ve ileri çalışmalara ihti-yaç vardır.

References

  • 1. Xu j, Chen X, Ma C, Wang X. Peripheral nerve blocks for postoperative pain after major knee surgery. Cochrane Data-base of Systematic Reviews, 2019;06(7):CD010937.
  • 2. Vora M, Nicholas T, Kassel C, Grant S. Adductor canal block for knee surgical procedures. J Clin Anesth. 2016; 35(12):295-303.
  • 3. Sınha S, Clement A, Surette A. Infiltration between the popliteal artery and capsule of the knee (iPACK): essential anatomy, technique, and literature review. Current Anest-hesiology Reports, 2019(9): 474-78.
  • 4. Promil K, Feinstein J, Kalagara HK, Huntley SR, Lee S, Naranje S, et al. A summary of the anatomy and current regional anesthesia practices for postoperative pain management in total knee arthroplasty. Cureus. 2018; 10(6): e2755.
  • 5. Kurtz S, Ong K, Lau E, Mowat F, Halpern M. Projections of Primary and Revision Hip and Knee Arthroplasty in the Uni-ted States from 2005 to 2030. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2007; 89(4): 780-85.
  • 6. Zhao J, Davis SP. An integrative review of multimodal pain management on patient recovery after total hip and knee arthroplasty. Int J Nurs Stud. 2019;98(12):94-106.
  • 7. Williams BA, Spratt D, Kentor ML. Continuous nerve blocks for outpatient knee surgery. Techniques in Regional Anest-hesia and Pain Managment , 2004;8:76-84.
  • 8. Thobhani S, Scalercio L, Elliott CE, Nossaman BD, Thomas LC, Yuratich D et al. Novel regional techniques for total knee arthroplasty promote reduced hospital length of stay: an analysis of 106 patients. Ochsner J. 2017; 17(3): 233-38.
  • 9. Aydin G, Aydin O. The Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Paraver-tebral Block in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Medicina. 2018;54(5): 54-75.
  • 10. Biehl M, Wild L, Waldman K, Haq F, Easteal RA, Sawhney M. The safety and efficacy of the IPACK block in primary total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective chart review. Can J Ana-esth. 2020;67(9): 1271-73.
  • 11. Chan E, Howle R, Onwochei D, Desai N. Infiltration between the popliteal artery and the capsule of the knee (IPACK) block in knee surgery: a narrative review. Reg Anesth Pain Med.2021; 46(9): 784-805.
  • 12. Sankineani SR, Reddy ARC, Eachempti KK, Jangale A, Gurava Reddy AV. Comparison of adductor canal block and IPACK block with adductor canal block alone after total knee arth-roplasty: a prospective control trial on pain and knee func-tion in immediate postoperative period . Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2018 ;28(7):1391-95.
  • 13. Tran J, Arango LG, Sinha SK, Peng P, Agur A, Chan V, et al. Evaluation of the iPACK block injectate spread: a cadaveric study. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2019;44 (7): 689–94.
  • 14. Binici O, Duran E, Erol MK, Pehlivan B, Pehlivan VF, Atlas A. Transversus abdominis plan bloğu için ultrason eşliğinde farklı bölgelerden yapılan ölçümler. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2019;16(2):241-44.
  • 15. Duran E, Kaya F, Pehlivan V.F., Pehlivan B. Determination of the optimal position of the lower extremity for femoral nerve block with ultrasonographic measurements: a prospective volunteer-based study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2024;28(8):3066-72.
  • 16. Lemus ZG, Gasca HV, Gutiérrez EA. Ultrasound-guided conti-nuous infraclavicular block for hand surgery: technical report arm position for perineural catheter placement. Cir Cir.2015;83(1):15-22.
  • 17. Ruíz A, Sala X, Bargalló X, Paola H, Maria Jose A, Ana C. The influence of arm abduction on the anatomic relations of inf-raclavicular brachial plexus: an ultrasound study. Anesth Analg. 2009;108(1):364-66.

Which USG Guided Position is The Most Ideal For The Infiltration Block Between The Popliteal Artery and Capsule of Knee (IPACK) ?

Year 2025, Volume: 22 Issue: 1, 121 - 126
https://doi.org/10.35440/hutfd.1589058

Abstract

Background: IPACK block aims to affect the deep knee branches of the sciatic nevre by local anesthe-tic injection between the posterior knee capsule and the popliteal artery. With this block, pain is reduced by preserving the motor functions of the knee. In our study, we aimed to determine the most ideal position for the block by making USG measurements in prone, supine and frogleg (flexion, abduction) positions and to determine the image quality in these positions. In our study, the effecti-veness of different patient positions in IPACK block applying and their effects on image quality were investigated.
Materials and Methods: Volunteers were given prone, supine and frog-leg (flexion, abduction) positi-ons, and the distance of the popliteal artery and knee capsule to the skin was measured and recor-ded using USG. Image quality was divided into five categories: verybad, bad, mediocre, good and very good and recorded.
Results: In our study, our popliteal artery distance measurement was closest to the skin in the prone position (p<0,01). In our knee capsule distance measurements, the frog-leg position was measured closest to the skin (p<0,01). The best quality image was detected in the prone position (p<0,01). We detected a weak negative relationship between body mass index (BMI) and image quality ( p<0,05).
Conclusions: We found that the prone position for IPACK block is the mosta ppropriate position in terms of popliteal artery distance and image quality. Different positions may be preferred due to patient-specific conditions and the need for additional block application. Large and further studies are needed with different USG probes and positions.

Keywords: Ipack block, postoperative analgesia, USG, nerve block

References

  • 1. Xu j, Chen X, Ma C, Wang X. Peripheral nerve blocks for postoperative pain after major knee surgery. Cochrane Data-base of Systematic Reviews, 2019;06(7):CD010937.
  • 2. Vora M, Nicholas T, Kassel C, Grant S. Adductor canal block for knee surgical procedures. J Clin Anesth. 2016; 35(12):295-303.
  • 3. Sınha S, Clement A, Surette A. Infiltration between the popliteal artery and capsule of the knee (iPACK): essential anatomy, technique, and literature review. Current Anest-hesiology Reports, 2019(9): 474-78.
  • 4. Promil K, Feinstein J, Kalagara HK, Huntley SR, Lee S, Naranje S, et al. A summary of the anatomy and current regional anesthesia practices for postoperative pain management in total knee arthroplasty. Cureus. 2018; 10(6): e2755.
  • 5. Kurtz S, Ong K, Lau E, Mowat F, Halpern M. Projections of Primary and Revision Hip and Knee Arthroplasty in the Uni-ted States from 2005 to 2030. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2007; 89(4): 780-85.
  • 6. Zhao J, Davis SP. An integrative review of multimodal pain management on patient recovery after total hip and knee arthroplasty. Int J Nurs Stud. 2019;98(12):94-106.
  • 7. Williams BA, Spratt D, Kentor ML. Continuous nerve blocks for outpatient knee surgery. Techniques in Regional Anest-hesia and Pain Managment , 2004;8:76-84.
  • 8. Thobhani S, Scalercio L, Elliott CE, Nossaman BD, Thomas LC, Yuratich D et al. Novel regional techniques for total knee arthroplasty promote reduced hospital length of stay: an analysis of 106 patients. Ochsner J. 2017; 17(3): 233-38.
  • 9. Aydin G, Aydin O. The Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Paraver-tebral Block in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Medicina. 2018;54(5): 54-75.
  • 10. Biehl M, Wild L, Waldman K, Haq F, Easteal RA, Sawhney M. The safety and efficacy of the IPACK block in primary total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective chart review. Can J Ana-esth. 2020;67(9): 1271-73.
  • 11. Chan E, Howle R, Onwochei D, Desai N. Infiltration between the popliteal artery and the capsule of the knee (IPACK) block in knee surgery: a narrative review. Reg Anesth Pain Med.2021; 46(9): 784-805.
  • 12. Sankineani SR, Reddy ARC, Eachempti KK, Jangale A, Gurava Reddy AV. Comparison of adductor canal block and IPACK block with adductor canal block alone after total knee arth-roplasty: a prospective control trial on pain and knee func-tion in immediate postoperative period . Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2018 ;28(7):1391-95.
  • 13. Tran J, Arango LG, Sinha SK, Peng P, Agur A, Chan V, et al. Evaluation of the iPACK block injectate spread: a cadaveric study. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2019;44 (7): 689–94.
  • 14. Binici O, Duran E, Erol MK, Pehlivan B, Pehlivan VF, Atlas A. Transversus abdominis plan bloğu için ultrason eşliğinde farklı bölgelerden yapılan ölçümler. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2019;16(2):241-44.
  • 15. Duran E, Kaya F, Pehlivan V.F., Pehlivan B. Determination of the optimal position of the lower extremity for femoral nerve block with ultrasonographic measurements: a prospective volunteer-based study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2024;28(8):3066-72.
  • 16. Lemus ZG, Gasca HV, Gutiérrez EA. Ultrasound-guided conti-nuous infraclavicular block for hand surgery: technical report arm position for perineural catheter placement. Cir Cir.2015;83(1):15-22.
  • 17. Ruíz A, Sala X, Bargalló X, Paola H, Maria Jose A, Ana C. The influence of arm abduction on the anatomic relations of inf-raclavicular brachial plexus: an ultrasound study. Anesth Analg. 2009;108(1):364-66.
There are 17 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Anaesthesiology
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Çelebi Karaduman 0009-0009-4601-9261

Orhan Binici 0000-0002-3158-8252

Early Pub Date March 13, 2025
Publication Date
Submission Date November 21, 2024
Acceptance Date February 27, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 22 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Karaduman Ç, Binici O. Ultrason Eşliğinde Yapılan Popliteal Arter ve Diz Kapsülü Arası İnfiltrasyon Bloğu (IPACK) için Hangi Pozisyon En İdealdir?. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 2025;22(1):121-6.

Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi  / Journal of Harran University Medical Faculty