Alerjen Proteinlerin Saflaştırılmasında Kullanılan Moleküler Yöntemler

Year 2018, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 13 - 28, 12.09.2018

Serkan Sugeçti , Adem İmalı Ferudun Koçer

Abstract

Özet

İnsanların % 10 unda rastlanan alerjenite
yurtdışında birçok araştırıcı tarafından farklı yöntemler ile belirlenmektedir.
Bu çalışmada, alerjen proteinlerinin saflaştırılması için kullanılan yöntemler
incelenmiştir.

Alerjenlerin belirlenmesinde
kullanılan tamponlar ve işlemler birçok farklılıklar içermektedir. İncelenen
kromatografik yöntemler; jel filtrasyon kromatografisi, iyon değişim kromatografisi,
affinite kromatografisi, ters faz kromatografisi, hidrofobik etkileşim kromatografisi,
membran kromatografisi, yüksek performans sıvı kromatografisi (HPLC) ve
elektroforetik yöntemler ise; izoelektrik odaklama, sodyum dodesil sülfat
poliakrilamid jel elektroforezi (SDS-PAGE) ve 2 boyutlu elektroforezdir.

Kullanılacak olan yöntemler
saflaştırılması arzu edilen proteinin fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik
özellikleri göz önüne alınarak seçilmektedir. Proteini, en saf halde elde
edebilmek için bu yöntemlerin çoğu ardışık olarak uygulanmaktadır. En fazla
miktarda protein, membran kromatografisiyle, en az miktarda protein, affinite
kromatografisi ile elde edilmektedir. Bu sebeple birçok yöntemin kendine özgü
özellikleri ve avantajları mevcuttur.

Güncel bilgiler ile kullanılan
kimyasal ve cihazların belirlenmesi ve uygun yöntemler ile ortak bir kullanım
tespiti birçok avantajlar sağlayacaktır. Son yıllarda, elde edilen saf
proteinler, birçok alanda kullanıma sunulmakta ve bu alan hızla gelişen bir
sektör olarak diğer sektörler arasında yerini almaktadır.  Saflaştırmada
izlenecek kriterler incelenerek alerjenlerin saflaştırılmasında yarar
sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Alerjen, saflaştırma, elektroforetik yöntemler, kromatografik yöntemler

 

 

 

Molecular Methods Used in the Purification of Allergen Proteins

Abstract

Allergenicity of 10% of people is
determined by different methods by many researchers abroad. In this study, the
methods used to purify the protein allergen is examined.

Buffers and procedures used to
identify allergens include many variationsExamination of chromatographic
methods; gel filtration chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, affinity
chromatography, reversed phase chromatography, hydrophobic interaction
chromatography, membrane chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography
(HPLC) and electrophoretic methods; isoelectric focusing, sodium dodecyl
sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and 2-D electrophoresis.

The methods to be used are selected
by considering the physical, chemical and biological properties of the desired
protein. Most of these methods are applied sequentially to obtain the protein
in its purest form. The maximum amount of protein is obtained by membrane
chromatography, with minimal amount of protein, affinity chromatography. For this
reason, many methods have their own characteristics and advantages.

Identification of the current
information, the chemicals and devices used, and the determination of a common
usage by appropriate methods will provide many advantages. In recent years, the
obtained pure proteins have been used in many fields and this area is among the
other sectors as a rapidly developing sector. It is thought that the purifying
criteria will be useful for the purification of allergens.

Keywords: Alergen,
purification, electrophoretic methods, chromatographic methods

Keywords

Alerjen, saflaştırma, elektroforetik yöntemler, , kromatografik yöntemler

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