‘UYUŞTURUCUYA KARŞI SAVAŞ’ ZAMANLARINDA MEKSİKA’DA MOBİLİZASYON İÇİN SÖYLEMSEL FIRSATLAR: ADALET VE SAYGINLIKLA BARIŞ HAREKETİ ÖRNEĞİ

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 3, 407 - 433, 29.07.2022

Onur Ağkaya

Öz

Meksika’da, devletin 2006’dan itibaren artan güvenlikleştirilmiş ve militarize hâle gelmiş uyuşturucu karşıtı stratejileri, daha önce görülmemiş bir seviyede şiddet ve zaiyatla sonuçlanmıştır. Buna ek olarak, siyasal ve adli kanallar, süregiden şiddet ve uyuşturucuya karşı savaştan zarar gören sivil topluma büyük ölçüde kapanmıştır. Bu çalışma, 2011’de sivil toplum sürekli artan yargısız infaz cinayetlerine karşı bir tepki olarak ortaya çıkan ve gelişen Adalet ve Saygınlıkla Barış Hareketi’ni (MPJD) ele almaktadır. Hem Meksikalı mercilerin siyasalarının ve stratejilerinin hem de hareketin ilişkisel biçimde birbirlerini nasıl şekillendirdiğini ve MPJD’nin seyrine yön verdiğine analiz etmeyi amaçlayan çalışma, Siyasal Fırsatlar Yapısı (SFY) yaklaşımını kullanmaktadır. SFY’nin kuramsal ve kavramsal araçlarından faydalanmak suretiyle, çalışma, MPJD’nin en başta uyuşturucuya karşı savaşın kurbanlarını görünür hâle getirmek olmak üzere birçok hedefine ulaştığını ve Meksika siyasetinde önemli bir siyasal harekete dönüştüğünü savunmaktadır. Meksika’da devam eden uyuşturucuya karşı savaş sırasında ortaya çıkan ve büyüyen MPJD örneğini inceleyerek, çalışma, uyuşturucu savaşlarını ve bu şartlarda ortaya çıkan siyasal fırsatlarını anlamayı hedefleyen toplumsal hareketler çalışmalarına katkıda bulunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adalet ve Saygınlıkla Barış Hareketi, uyuşturucuya karşı savaş, toplumsal hareketler, söylemsel fırsatlar, Meksika.

DISCURSIVE OPPORTUNITIES FOR MOBILISATION IN THE TIME OF ‘WAR ON DRUGS’ IN MEXICO: THE CASE OF MOVIMIENTO POR LA PAZ CON JUSTICIA Y DIGNIDAD

Öz

From 2006, the state’s highly securitised and militarised anti-narcotics strategies resulted in an unprecedented level of violence and casualties in Mexico. Furthermore, political and judicial channels have been partially closed to the civil society suffering from the ongoing violence and war on drugs. This study elaborates on the emergence and development of Movimiento por la Paz con Justicia y Dignidad (MPJD), which took place in 2011 as a civil society response to the increasing extrajudicial killings. Aiming to analyse how Mexican authorities’ policies and strategies of the movement relationally shaped each other and forged the pathway of MPJD, the paper deploys the Discursive Opportunities Structure (DOS) approach. Drawing on the theoretical and conceptual toolkit of DOS and its conceptualisations, the article argues that MPJD has succeeded in achieving many of its goals, most notably making the victims of the war on drugs visible and becoming a considerable political movement in Mexican politics. By analysing the case of MPJD, which emerged and developed during the ongoing war on drugs in Mexico, the study contributes to the social movements studies that aim to understand the drug wars and political opportunities that arise in these environments.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Movimiento por la Paz con Justicia y Dignidad, war on drugs, social movements, discursive opportunities, Mexico

Kaynakça

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