Çekişmeli Göç Siyasetinin Gölgesinde AB-Türkiye İlişkileri

Year 2022, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 53 - 68, 31.12.2022

Elif Çetin

https://doi.org/10.25272/icps.1205851

Abstract

Göç, AB-Türkiye ilişkilerini son birkaç on yıldır (yeniden) şekillendiren en önemli meselelerden biri haline gelmiştir. 2015 yazında göçmen ve sığınmacı sayılarındaki beklenmedik artışın, veya bazı uzmanların tabir ettiği şekliyle 2015 Akdeniz göçmen ve sığınmacı krizinin, AB-Türkiye ilişkileri üzerinde önemli yansımaları olmuştur ve nihayetinde 2016 yılındaki AB-Türkiye Mutabakatı’nın kabulüne yol açmıştır. Mutabakat, çok farklı tepkileri tetikleyerek bazı gözlemcilerin, Türkiye’de göç meselelerinin artan şekilde politize edilmesinin AB-Türkiye antlaşmasının AB’nin önceliklerine hizmet edecek şekilde sürdürülebilir ve sorunsuz uygulanmasının önünde potansiyel bir kısıt oluşturacağını vurgulamışlardır.

Bu çalışma, AB’nin dış sınırlarında yer alan bir ülke olarak Türkiye’nin nasıl ve ne şekilde AB’nin göç politikası önceliklerine itiraz ettiğini analiz etmektedir. Makale, yöntemsel olarak kalitatif nitelikte olup seçilmiş birincil ve ikincil yazılı kaynakların incelemesine ve analizine dayanmaktadır. Makalenin temel argümanı, göç olgusunun AB-Türkiye ilişkilerinde araçsallaştırıldığı ve Türk otoritelerinin, AB-Türkiye ilişkilerini geleneksel olarak karakterize eden güç hiyerarşisi asimetrisini değiştirme çabası içinde göç konusuna AB ile yaptıkları görüşmelerde değindikleri şeklindedir. 

Keywords

Göç, Dış Politika, Mülteciler, Avrupa Birliği, Türkiye, Refugees, European Union

The EU-Turkey Relations under the Shadow of the Contested Politics of Migration

Abstract

Migration has turned into a pressing matter (re-)shaping the dynamics of the EU-Turkey relations for the past couple of decades. The sudden increase in the numbers of migrant and refugee arriving to the EU during the summer of 2015, or as referred to by some scholars, the 2015 Mediterranean migrant and refugee crisis, certainly had important repercussions for the EU-Turkey relations and it eventually led to the conclusion of the so-called EU-Turkey Statement in 2016. While the Statement triggered a number of different responses, some observers suspected that the presence of an increasingly politicised environment in Turkey around migration related questions would act as a potential limitation over the prospects for the sustainability and smooth implementation of the EU-Turkey Statement that would comply with the EU priorities.

This study analyses how and why Turkey as a country in Europe’s periphery has been contesting the EU’s key migration policy priorities. The paper methodologically adopts a qualitative approach drawing on the examination and analysis of selected primary and secondary written materials. It argues that migration has been instrumentalised in the EU-Turkey relations and Turkish authorities seek to challenge the hierarchical power asymmetry, which has long characterised the EU-Turkey relations, by referring to migration issues while negotiating with the EU. 

Keywords

Migration, Foreign Policy, Refugees, European Union, Turkey

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