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Organizasyon Ortamında İş Akışı Deneyiminin Gelişimi; Dönüşümcü Liderliğin ve Algılanan İş Belirsizliğinin Rolü

Year 2021, , 76 - 88, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.25203/idd.970821

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada örgütler için önemli kavramlar arasında olan İş Akışı Deneyimi, Dönüşümcü Liderlik ve Algılanan İş Belirsizliği kavramlarına odaklanılmıştır. Kavramların teorik tartışmasından sonra bu kavramların örgütler için önemi değinilmiş ve aralarındaki ilişkiler açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.

Tasarım/Yöntem: Araştırmanın verilerinin toplanmasında demografik değişkenlerin yanı sıra üç farklı ölçme aracından faydalanılmıştır. Bu açıdan çalışmada Akış Deneyimi Ölçeği, Algılanan İş Belirsizliği Ölçeği ve Çok Faktörlü Liderlik Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini İstanbul ilinde hizmet sektöründe çalışan beyaz yakalı bireylerden oluşturmaktadır. Toplam 243 katılımcıya uygulanan anketler sonucunda elde edilen verilerin tamamı SPSS programı aracılığı ile analiz edilmiştir.

Sonuçlar: Yapılan regresyon ve moderatör analizler sonucunda değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler açıklanmıştır. Dönüşümcü liderliğin iş akışı deneyimi üzerinde pozitif etkisi olduğu analizler sonucunda kanıtlanmıştır. Ayrıca algılanan iş belirsizliğinin de bu iki değişken arasındaki ilişkide moderatör rolü olduğu doğrulanmıştır. Belirsizliğin yüksek olduğu durumlarda dönüşümcü liderliğin akış deneyimi üzerindeki etkisinin azaldığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Özgün Değer: Bu araştırma ile dönüşümcü liderliğin çalışanların akış deneyimleri üzerinde etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu yönü ile çalışma, literatürde önemli yeri olan dönüşümcü liderlik tarzının akış deneyimi üzerindeki etkisini açıklayan ilk çalışma niteliğindedir. Ayrıca, algılanan iş belirsizliğini bu ilişkideki rolü de değişkenler arasındaki ilişkilerin açıklanmasında ılımlaştırıcı değişkenlerin etkisinin olabileceğini kanıtlamaktadır.

References

  • Alannah E. Rafferty and Mark A. Griffin, (2004). “Dimensions of Transformational Leadership: Conceptual and Empirical Extensions”, The Leadership Quarterly, 15, 330.
  • Turan N. and Pala O. (2020). Turkish Adaptation of Flow at Work (Wolf): Validity and Reliability Study, Ankara University SBF Journal, 76, 387 – 404
  • Arslantas C. C. and Pekdemir, I. (2007). Dönüşümcü Liderlik, Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı ve Örgütsel Adalet Arasındaki İlişkileri Belirlemeye Yönelik Görgül Bir Araştırma. Anadolu Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 7(1), 261-286.
  • Ashford, S. J. (1988). Individual Strategies for Coping with Stress during Organizational Transitions. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 24 (1), 19-36.
  • Ashford, S. J., Lee, C., & Bobko, P. (1989). Content, Cause, and Consequences of Job Insecurity: A Theory-Based Measure and Substantive Test. Academy of Management Journal, 32 (4), 803-829.
  • Bakker, A.B. and Demeroutti, E. and Schaufeli, W.B. (2008). Dual Processes at the Work in a Call Centre: An Application of the Job Demands-Resources Model. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. 12(4), 393-417.
  • Bakker, Arnold (2008). “The Work Related Flow Inventory: Construction and Initial Validation of the WOLF”, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 72 (3), 400-414.
  • Bakker, Arnold, Ljubin Golub, Tajana and Rijavec, Majda (2017). “Validation of the Study-Related Flow Inventory (WOLF-S)”, Croatian Journal of Education, 19, 147-173.
  • Beehr, T. A. and Bhagat, R. S. (1985). Introduction to Human Stress and Cognition in Organizations. In T. A., Beehr and R. S. Bhagat (eds.), Human Stress and Cognition in Organizations: An Integrated Perspective, 3- 19.
  • Bekele Shibru (2011). “Effects of Transformational, Leadership on Subordinate Job Satisfaction in Leather Companies in Ethiopia”, Interdisciplinary Journal Of Contemporary Research In Business, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India, 687.
  • Bernard M. Bass (1985). “Leadership: Good, Better, Best”, Organizational Dynamics, 13(3).
  • Bernard M. Bass, Paul Steidlmeier (1999). “Ethics, Character, and Authentic Transformational Leadership Behavior”, Leadership Quarterly, Binghamton University, 10(2), 209.
  • Bruce J.Avolio and Bernard M.Bass (2009). “Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire Feedback Report”, Imperial Council.
  • Aydın Kucuk B. (2020). Work Flow Experience in the Light of Leader- Member Exchange and Person-Job Fit Theories, Psychological Reports 0(0), 1–34.
  • Conrath, D. W. (1967). Organizational Decision Making Behavior under Varying Conditions of Uncertainty. Management Science, 13(8), B487-B500.
  • Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1990). Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience. Harper Collins Modern Classics.
  • Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2003). Good Business. Viking, NewYork.
  • Arslantas C. and Pekdemir I. (2007). “Dönüşümcü Liderlik, Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı ve Örgütsel Adalet Arasındaki İlişkileri Belirlemeye Yönelik Görgül Bir Araştırma”, Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 7(1), 262.
  • Demerouti, Evangelia, Bakker Arnold, Sonnentag, Sabine ve Fullagar, Clive J. (2012). “Work‐related Flow and Energy at Work and at Home: A Study on the Role of Daily Recovery”, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33, 276-295.
  • Downey, H. K., Hellriegel, D., & Slocum Jr, J. W. (1975). Environmental Uncertainty: The Construct and Its Application. Administrative Science Quarterly, 20(4), 613-629.
  • Duncan, R. B. (1972). Characteristics of Organizational Environments and Perceived Environmental Uncertainty. Administrative Science Quarterly, 17 (3), 313-327.
  • Eisenberger, R. and Jones, J.R. and Stinglhamber, F. and Shanock, L. and Randall, A. (2005). Flow Experiences at Work: For High Need Achievers Alone? Journal of Organizational Behavior. 26, 755-775.
  • Eren E. (2012). Örgütsel Davranış ve Yönetim Psikolojisi, 13, 461.
  • Garner, W. R. (1962). Uncertainty and Structure as Psychological Concepts. New York: Wiley.
  • Gurel G. (2011), “Örgütsel Öğrenme, Dönüşümcü Liderlik, Pazar Yönlendirmesi Ve Örgütsel İnovasyonun Firma Performansı Üzerine Etkilerinin Analizi” (Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul, 55-56.
  • Gül H. and Sahin K. (2011). “Bilgi Toplumunda Yeni Bir Liderlik Yaklaşımı Olarak Transformasyonel Liderlik ve Kamu Çalışanlarının Transformasyonel Liderlik Algısı”, Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 25, 242.
  • Keles H. N. and Ozkan T. K. (2010). “Liderlik, Kültür Ve Performans Arasındaki İlişkinin Örgütsel Zeka Modelinden Hareketle İncelenmesi” Organizasyon Ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi’’ 2(1), 66.
  • Ivancevich, J. M., Matteson, M. T., & Konopaske, R. (2002). Organizational Behavior and Management New York: Mcgraw-Hill.
  • Jackson, S.A. and Ecklund, R.C. (2004). The Flow Scales Manual. Fitness and Information Technology.
  • Krishnan, V. R, (2002). Transformational Leadership and Voule System Congruence, International Journal of Volue-Based Management, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 15(1), 20.
  • La Fevre, J. (1988). Flow and the Quality of Experience During Work and Leisure. Optimal Experience: Psychological Studies of Flow in Consciousness. Csikszentmihalyi, M. and Csikszentmihalyi, I. New York: Cambridge University Press: 307-318.
  • Gumusoglu L. and Ilsev A. (2007). “Transformational Leadership, Creativity, and Organizational Innovation”, ScienceDirect, Journal of Business Research, 461.
  • Luce, R. D. and Raiffa, H. (1957). Games and Decisions: Introduction and Critical Surveys. New York: Wiley.
  • Maccrimmon, K. R. (1966). Descriptive and Normative Implications of the Decision Theory Postulates. In K. Borch & J. Mossin (eds.), Risk and Uncertainty: Proceedings of a Conference Held by the International Economic Association, 1-21.
  • Mcgrath, J. E. (1976). Stress and Behavior in Organizations. Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 1351-1396.
  • Milliken, F. J. (1987). Three Types of Perceived Uncertainty about the Environment: State, Effect, and Response Uncertainty. Academy of Management Review, 12(1), 133-143. Nakamura, J. and Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2009). Flow Theory and Research. Handbook of Positive Psychology. Snyder, C.R. and Lopez, S.J. Oxford University Press, 195-206.
  • Ozveren C. (2016). The Role of Work Values on The Relationship of Perceived Job Insecurity and Job Uncertainty with Intention to Work In Public Sector.
  • Paulsen, N., Callan, V. J., Grice, T. A., Rooney, D., Gallois, C., Jones, E., and Bordia, P. (2005). Job Uncertainty and Personal Control during Downsizing: A Comparison of Survivors and Victims. Human Relations, 58(4), 463-496.
  • Pollard, T. M. (2001). Changes in Mental Well-Being, Blood Pressure, and Total Cholesterol Levels during Workplace Reorganization: The Impact of Uncertainty. Work & Stress, 15(1), 14-28.
  • Robbins, S., De Cenzo, D., Coulter, M., and Woods, M. (2013). Management: The Essentials. New South Wale: Pearson Higher Education.
  • Schuler, R. S. (1980). Definition and Conceptualization of Stress in Organizations. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 25(2), 184-215.
  • Schuler, R. S., and Jackson, S. E. (1986). Managing Stress through PHRM Practices: An Uncertainty Interpretation. Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, 4, 183-224.
  • Schweiger, D. M., and Denisi, A. S. (1991). Communication with Employees Following a Merger: A Longitudinal Field Experiment. Academy of Management Journal, 34(1), 110-135.
  • Kırılmaz S. and Kırılmaz H. (2010). “Transformasyonel Liderliğin Örgütsel Bağlılığa Etkileri” Türk İdare Dergisi 469, 121.
  • Tınaztepe, C. (2010). The Effect of Desire for Change on The Relationship between Perceived Uncertainty and Job Related Affective Well-Being. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul, Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Yasin T. (2016). Kişilik Özellikleri ve Psikolojik Sermayenin Psikolojik İyi Oluş, Akış Deneyimi, İş Tatmini ve Çalişan Performansina Etkileri.
  • Waldman, David A., Bass Bernard B. and Eınstein Walter O. (1987), Leadership and Outcomes of Performance Appraisal Processes, Journal of Occupational Psychology, 60, 177-186.
  • Uslu Y.D. (2011). “Örgütlerde Yönetsel Etkinliğe Ulaşmada Yeni Bir Yaklaşım: Yaratıcı Liderlik”, SÜ İİBF Sosyal Ve Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 16(22), 123.

Evolution of the Workflow Experience in the Organization Setting; The Role of Transformational Leadership and Perceived Job Uncertainty

Year 2021, , 76 - 88, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.25203/idd.970821

Abstract

Objectives: In this study, the concepts of Workflow Experience, Transformational Leadership and Perceived Job Uncertainty, which are among the important concepts for organizations, are focused on. After the theoretical discussion of the concepts, the importance of these concepts for organizations was discussed and the relations between them were tried to be explained.

Methods: Three different measurement tools were used for the data collection of the study as well as demographic variables. In this perspective, Flow Experience Scale, Perceived Job Uncertainty Scale and Multi-Factor Leadership Scale were used in to data collection. The sample of the study consists of white-collar individuals working in the service sector in Istanbul. The data obtained from the questionnaire applied on a total of 243 participants were analyzed with the SPSS program.

Results: As a result of the regression and moderator analyzes, the relationships between the variables were explained. Analysis has proven that transformational leadership positively affecting the workflow experience. It has also been confirmed that perceived job uncertainty has a moderator role in the relationship between these two variables. It was concluded that the effect of transformational leadership on the flow experience decreases when the uncertainty is high.

Originality: In this research, it has been determined that transformational leadership has an effect on the flow experiences of employees. Therefore, the study is the first to explain the effect of the transformational leadership style, which has an important place in the literature, on the flow experience. In addition, the role of perceived job uncertainty in this relationship also confirms that moderator variables may have an effect in explaining the relationships between variables.

References

  • Alannah E. Rafferty and Mark A. Griffin, (2004). “Dimensions of Transformational Leadership: Conceptual and Empirical Extensions”, The Leadership Quarterly, 15, 330.
  • Turan N. and Pala O. (2020). Turkish Adaptation of Flow at Work (Wolf): Validity and Reliability Study, Ankara University SBF Journal, 76, 387 – 404
  • Arslantas C. C. and Pekdemir, I. (2007). Dönüşümcü Liderlik, Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı ve Örgütsel Adalet Arasındaki İlişkileri Belirlemeye Yönelik Görgül Bir Araştırma. Anadolu Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 7(1), 261-286.
  • Ashford, S. J. (1988). Individual Strategies for Coping with Stress during Organizational Transitions. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 24 (1), 19-36.
  • Ashford, S. J., Lee, C., & Bobko, P. (1989). Content, Cause, and Consequences of Job Insecurity: A Theory-Based Measure and Substantive Test. Academy of Management Journal, 32 (4), 803-829.
  • Bakker, A.B. and Demeroutti, E. and Schaufeli, W.B. (2008). Dual Processes at the Work in a Call Centre: An Application of the Job Demands-Resources Model. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. 12(4), 393-417.
  • Bakker, Arnold (2008). “The Work Related Flow Inventory: Construction and Initial Validation of the WOLF”, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 72 (3), 400-414.
  • Bakker, Arnold, Ljubin Golub, Tajana and Rijavec, Majda (2017). “Validation of the Study-Related Flow Inventory (WOLF-S)”, Croatian Journal of Education, 19, 147-173.
  • Beehr, T. A. and Bhagat, R. S. (1985). Introduction to Human Stress and Cognition in Organizations. In T. A., Beehr and R. S. Bhagat (eds.), Human Stress and Cognition in Organizations: An Integrated Perspective, 3- 19.
  • Bekele Shibru (2011). “Effects of Transformational, Leadership on Subordinate Job Satisfaction in Leather Companies in Ethiopia”, Interdisciplinary Journal Of Contemporary Research In Business, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India, 687.
  • Bernard M. Bass (1985). “Leadership: Good, Better, Best”, Organizational Dynamics, 13(3).
  • Bernard M. Bass, Paul Steidlmeier (1999). “Ethics, Character, and Authentic Transformational Leadership Behavior”, Leadership Quarterly, Binghamton University, 10(2), 209.
  • Bruce J.Avolio and Bernard M.Bass (2009). “Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire Feedback Report”, Imperial Council.
  • Aydın Kucuk B. (2020). Work Flow Experience in the Light of Leader- Member Exchange and Person-Job Fit Theories, Psychological Reports 0(0), 1–34.
  • Conrath, D. W. (1967). Organizational Decision Making Behavior under Varying Conditions of Uncertainty. Management Science, 13(8), B487-B500.
  • Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1990). Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience. Harper Collins Modern Classics.
  • Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2003). Good Business. Viking, NewYork.
  • Arslantas C. and Pekdemir I. (2007). “Dönüşümcü Liderlik, Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı ve Örgütsel Adalet Arasındaki İlişkileri Belirlemeye Yönelik Görgül Bir Araştırma”, Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 7(1), 262.
  • Demerouti, Evangelia, Bakker Arnold, Sonnentag, Sabine ve Fullagar, Clive J. (2012). “Work‐related Flow and Energy at Work and at Home: A Study on the Role of Daily Recovery”, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33, 276-295.
  • Downey, H. K., Hellriegel, D., & Slocum Jr, J. W. (1975). Environmental Uncertainty: The Construct and Its Application. Administrative Science Quarterly, 20(4), 613-629.
  • Duncan, R. B. (1972). Characteristics of Organizational Environments and Perceived Environmental Uncertainty. Administrative Science Quarterly, 17 (3), 313-327.
  • Eisenberger, R. and Jones, J.R. and Stinglhamber, F. and Shanock, L. and Randall, A. (2005). Flow Experiences at Work: For High Need Achievers Alone? Journal of Organizational Behavior. 26, 755-775.
  • Eren E. (2012). Örgütsel Davranış ve Yönetim Psikolojisi, 13, 461.
  • Garner, W. R. (1962). Uncertainty and Structure as Psychological Concepts. New York: Wiley.
  • Gurel G. (2011), “Örgütsel Öğrenme, Dönüşümcü Liderlik, Pazar Yönlendirmesi Ve Örgütsel İnovasyonun Firma Performansı Üzerine Etkilerinin Analizi” (Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul, 55-56.
  • Gül H. and Sahin K. (2011). “Bilgi Toplumunda Yeni Bir Liderlik Yaklaşımı Olarak Transformasyonel Liderlik ve Kamu Çalışanlarının Transformasyonel Liderlik Algısı”, Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 25, 242.
  • Keles H. N. and Ozkan T. K. (2010). “Liderlik, Kültür Ve Performans Arasındaki İlişkinin Örgütsel Zeka Modelinden Hareketle İncelenmesi” Organizasyon Ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi’’ 2(1), 66.
  • Ivancevich, J. M., Matteson, M. T., & Konopaske, R. (2002). Organizational Behavior and Management New York: Mcgraw-Hill.
  • Jackson, S.A. and Ecklund, R.C. (2004). The Flow Scales Manual. Fitness and Information Technology.
  • Krishnan, V. R, (2002). Transformational Leadership and Voule System Congruence, International Journal of Volue-Based Management, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 15(1), 20.
  • La Fevre, J. (1988). Flow and the Quality of Experience During Work and Leisure. Optimal Experience: Psychological Studies of Flow in Consciousness. Csikszentmihalyi, M. and Csikszentmihalyi, I. New York: Cambridge University Press: 307-318.
  • Gumusoglu L. and Ilsev A. (2007). “Transformational Leadership, Creativity, and Organizational Innovation”, ScienceDirect, Journal of Business Research, 461.
  • Luce, R. D. and Raiffa, H. (1957). Games and Decisions: Introduction and Critical Surveys. New York: Wiley.
  • Maccrimmon, K. R. (1966). Descriptive and Normative Implications of the Decision Theory Postulates. In K. Borch & J. Mossin (eds.), Risk and Uncertainty: Proceedings of a Conference Held by the International Economic Association, 1-21.
  • Mcgrath, J. E. (1976). Stress and Behavior in Organizations. Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 1351-1396.
  • Milliken, F. J. (1987). Three Types of Perceived Uncertainty about the Environment: State, Effect, and Response Uncertainty. Academy of Management Review, 12(1), 133-143. Nakamura, J. and Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2009). Flow Theory and Research. Handbook of Positive Psychology. Snyder, C.R. and Lopez, S.J. Oxford University Press, 195-206.
  • Ozveren C. (2016). The Role of Work Values on The Relationship of Perceived Job Insecurity and Job Uncertainty with Intention to Work In Public Sector.
  • Paulsen, N., Callan, V. J., Grice, T. A., Rooney, D., Gallois, C., Jones, E., and Bordia, P. (2005). Job Uncertainty and Personal Control during Downsizing: A Comparison of Survivors and Victims. Human Relations, 58(4), 463-496.
  • Pollard, T. M. (2001). Changes in Mental Well-Being, Blood Pressure, and Total Cholesterol Levels during Workplace Reorganization: The Impact of Uncertainty. Work & Stress, 15(1), 14-28.
  • Robbins, S., De Cenzo, D., Coulter, M., and Woods, M. (2013). Management: The Essentials. New South Wale: Pearson Higher Education.
  • Schuler, R. S. (1980). Definition and Conceptualization of Stress in Organizations. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 25(2), 184-215.
  • Schuler, R. S., and Jackson, S. E. (1986). Managing Stress through PHRM Practices: An Uncertainty Interpretation. Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, 4, 183-224.
  • Schweiger, D. M., and Denisi, A. S. (1991). Communication with Employees Following a Merger: A Longitudinal Field Experiment. Academy of Management Journal, 34(1), 110-135.
  • Kırılmaz S. and Kırılmaz H. (2010). “Transformasyonel Liderliğin Örgütsel Bağlılığa Etkileri” Türk İdare Dergisi 469, 121.
  • Tınaztepe, C. (2010). The Effect of Desire for Change on The Relationship between Perceived Uncertainty and Job Related Affective Well-Being. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul, Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Yasin T. (2016). Kişilik Özellikleri ve Psikolojik Sermayenin Psikolojik İyi Oluş, Akış Deneyimi, İş Tatmini ve Çalişan Performansina Etkileri.
  • Waldman, David A., Bass Bernard B. and Eınstein Walter O. (1987), Leadership and Outcomes of Performance Appraisal Processes, Journal of Occupational Psychology, 60, 177-186.
  • Uslu Y.D. (2011). “Örgütlerde Yönetsel Etkinliğe Ulaşmada Yeni Bir Yaklaşım: Yaratıcı Liderlik”, SÜ İİBF Sosyal Ve Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 16(22), 123.
There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Business Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mustafa Uğur Özcan 0000-0002-4028-8593

Publication Date December 31, 2021
Acceptance Date July 15, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021

Cite

APA Özcan, M. U. (2021). Organizasyon Ortamında İş Akışı Deneyiminin Gelişimi; Dönüşümcü Liderliğin ve Algılanan İş Belirsizliğinin Rolü. İş’te Davranış Dergisi, 6(2), 76-88. https://doi.org/10.25203/idd.970821

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