Bursa Topraklarında Kış Mevsiminde Polihalkalı Aromatik Hidrokarbon (PAH) Kaynaklı Kirlilik Seviyesinin Belirlenmesi

Year 2018, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 10 - 18, 15.10.2018

Gizem Eker

Abstract

Toprak, polihalkalı aromatik hidrokarbon (PAH)
bileşikleri gibi yarı uçucu organik kirleticiler için karasal çevredeki en
önemli rezerv alanıdır. Toprağın PAH’lara ilgisi büyüktür ve bu kirleticiler
için doğal bir alıcı ortam gibi davranır. Bu çalışmada, sanayi ve tarım kenti
olan Bursa’da topraklardaki PAH kirliliğinin bölgesel değişiminin kış mevsimi
için belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda, 20 farklı noktadan yüzeysel
toprak örnekleri alınmıştır. ∑12 PAH konsantrasyonları trafik+mangal+yerleşim
bölgesi toprağında 4970 ng/g KM, çimento ve demir-çelik fabrikalarının
bulunduğu bölge topraklarında ise sırasıyla 4382 ng/g KM ve 4000 ng/g KM olarak
belirlenmiştir. Demir-çelik ve çimento fabrikalarının önemli birer PAH kaynağı
olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kirliliğin en az olduğu toprakların ise kırsal
alanlarda yer aldığı görülmüştür. Toksisite değerlendirmelerini yapabilmek için
her bir PAH türüne ait TEF değerleri kullanılarak PAH türlerine ait konsantrasyonlar
BaP eşdeğer konsantrasyonuna (BaPeq) çevrilmiştir. Örnekleme noktalarında  ∑12 BaPeq değerleri 0,1 ile 381,8 ng/g KM
arasında değişim göstermiştir. 

Keywords

Bursa, Toprak Kirliliği, PAH

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