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ANALYSIS OF THE VALIDITY OF PURCHASING POWER PARITY IN OECD COUNTRIES

Year 2021, ICOMEP ÖZEL SAYISI, 180 - 191, 20.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.54600/igdirsosbilder.991721

Abstract

The validity of purchasing power parity is among the fields of study that still maintains its importance in the economics literature. In this study, the validity of purchasing power parity was examined by applying the Pesaran (2007) unit root test, using annual data for the period 2008-2020 for 37 OECD countries. According to the results of the analysis, according to the CIPS test results, it is concluded that the purchasing power parity on a panel basis is valid at 1% significance level for OECD countries. On the other hand, according to the Truncated CIPS test results, purchasing power parity is valid only at 10% significance level. According to the CADF unit root test results for the purchasing power parity variable on the basis of OECD countries, purchasing power parity is valid in Austria, Canada, Denmark, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Lithuania, Norway, Poland, Slovenia and the United Kingdom. There is no statistical evidence that purchasing power parity is valid in other countries. There are many country-specific factors that prevent purchasing power parity from being valid. Factors such as global and national shocks, policies applied towards exchange rates, interest rates and foreign trade, increase in international risks, deterioration in expectations may limit the validity of purchasing power parity. Collaborative design of international trade policies to increase the welfare of countries can also play an important role in the sustainability of global welfare increase.

References

  • Bahmani-Oskooee, M., & Ranjbar, O. (2016). “Quantile Unit Root Test and PPP: Evidence From 23 OECD Countries”, Applied Economics, 48(31), 2899-2911.
  • Bahmani-Oskooee, M., & Wu, T. P. (2018). “PPP in The 34 OECD Countries: Evidence from Quantile-Based Unit Root Tests with both Smooth and Sharp Breaks”, Applied Economics, 50(23), 2622-2634.
  • Bahmani-Oskooee, M., Chang, T., & Ranjbar, O. J. A. E. Q. (2017). “The Fourier Quantile Unit Root Test with an Application to The PPP Hypothesis in The OECD”, Applied Economics Quarterly, 63(3), 295-317.
  • Balassa, B. (1964). “The Purchasing-Power Parity Doctrine: A Reappraisal”, Journal of Political Economy, 72(6), 584-596.
  • Cassel, G. (1918). “Abnormal Deviations in International Exchanges”, The Economic Journal, 28(112), 413-415.
  • Choi, C. Y., Mark, N. C., & Sul, D. (2006). “Unbiased Estimation of The Half-Life to PPP Convergence in Panel Data”, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 921-938.
  • Dornbusch, R. (1976). “Expectations and Exchange Rate Dynamics”, Journal of Political Economy, 84(6), 1161-1176.
  • Dornbusch, R. (1985). Purchasing Power Parity. NBER Working Paper, (w1591).
  • Holmes, M. J., Otero, J., & Panagiotidis, T. (2012). “PPP in OECD Countries: An Analysis of Real Exchange Rate Stationarity, Cross-Sectional Dependency and Structural Breaks”, Open Economies Review, 23(5), 767-783.
  • Jiang, C., Bahmani-Oskooee, M., & Chang, T. (2015). “Revisiting Purchasing Power Parity in OECD”, Applied Economics, 47(40), 4323-4334.
  • Kalyoncu, H., & Kalyoncu, K. (2008). “Purchasing Power Parity in OECD Countries: Evidence from Panel Unit Root”, Economic Modelling, 25(3), 440-445.
  • Kumar Narayan, P. (2005). “New Evidence on Purchasing Power Parity from 17 OECD Countries”, Applied Economics, 37(9), 1063-1071.
  • Lau, C. K. M. (2009). “A More Powerful Panel Unit Root Test with An Application to PPP”, Applied Economics Letters, 16(1), 75-80.
  • Narayan, P. K. (2008). “The Purchasing Power Parity Revisited: New Evidence for 16 OECD Countries from Panel Unit Root Tests with Structural Breaks”, Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 18(2), 137-146.
  • Narayan, P. K., Narayan, S., & Prasad, A. (2009). “Evidence on PPP from A Cointegration Test with Multiple Structural Breaks”, Applied Economics Letters, 16(1), 5-8.
  • Obstfeld, M. (1993). Model Trending Real Exchange Rates (No. C93-011). University of California at Berkeley.
  • Qin, D. (2008). Uncover Latent PPP by Dynamic Factor Error Correction Model (DF-ECM) Approach: Evidence from Five OECD Countries, Economics, 2(1).
  • Rogoff, K. (1996). “The Purchasing Power Parity Puzzle”, Journal of Economic Literature, 34(2), 647-668.
  • Samuelson, P. A. (1964). “Theoretical Notes on Trade Problems”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 145-154.
  • Taylor, A. M. (2002). “A Century of Purchasing-Power Parity”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 84(1), 139-150.
  • Taylor, A. M., & Taylor, M. P. (2004). “The Purchasing Power Parity Debate”, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 18(4), 135-158.

OECD ÜLKELERİNDE SATIN ALMA GÜCÜ PARİTESİNİN GEÇERLİLİĞİNİN ANALİZİ

Year 2021, ICOMEP ÖZEL SAYISI, 180 - 191, 20.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.54600/igdirsosbilder.991721

Abstract

Satın alma gücü paritesinin geçerliliği iktisat literatüründe hala önemini koruyan inceleme alanları arasındadır. Bu çalışmada, 37 OECD ülkesi için 2008-2020 dönemine ait yıllık veriler kullanılarak satın alma gücü paritesinin geçerli olup olmadığı, Pesaran (2007) birim kök testi uygulanarak incelenmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, CIPS test sonuçlarına göre, OECD ülkeleri için panel bazında satın alma gücü paritesinin %1 anlam düzeyinde geçerli olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmaktadır. Diğer yandan Truncated CIPS test sonuçlarına göre ise, satın alma gücü paritesi ancak %10 anlam düzeyinde geçerli çıkmaktadır. OECD ülkeleri bazında satın alma gücü paritesi değişkeni için CADF birim kök test sonuçlarına göre, Avusturya, Kanada, Danimarka, İzlanda, İrlanda, İsrail, İtalya, Japonya, Litvanya, Norveç, Polonya, Slovenya ve Birleşik Krallık'ta satın alma gücü paritesi geçerli iken diğer ülkelerde satın alma gücü paritesinin geçerli olduğuna yönelik istatiksel kanıt bulunamamıştır. Satın alma gücü paritesinin geçerli olmasını engelleyen ülkelere özgü çok sayıda faktör söz konusu olabilmektedir. Küresel ve ulusal şoklar, kur, faiz ve dış ticarete yönelik uygulanan politikalar, uluslararası risklerin artması, beklentilerin bozulması gibi faktörler satın alma gücü paritesinin geçerli olmasını kısıtlayabilmektedir. Uluslararası ticaret politikalarının ülkelerin refahını artıracak şekilde işbirliği içinde tasarlanması küresel refah artışının sürdürülebilirliği için de önemli rol oynayabilecektir.

References

  • Bahmani-Oskooee, M., & Ranjbar, O. (2016). “Quantile Unit Root Test and PPP: Evidence From 23 OECD Countries”, Applied Economics, 48(31), 2899-2911.
  • Bahmani-Oskooee, M., & Wu, T. P. (2018). “PPP in The 34 OECD Countries: Evidence from Quantile-Based Unit Root Tests with both Smooth and Sharp Breaks”, Applied Economics, 50(23), 2622-2634.
  • Bahmani-Oskooee, M., Chang, T., & Ranjbar, O. J. A. E. Q. (2017). “The Fourier Quantile Unit Root Test with an Application to The PPP Hypothesis in The OECD”, Applied Economics Quarterly, 63(3), 295-317.
  • Balassa, B. (1964). “The Purchasing-Power Parity Doctrine: A Reappraisal”, Journal of Political Economy, 72(6), 584-596.
  • Cassel, G. (1918). “Abnormal Deviations in International Exchanges”, The Economic Journal, 28(112), 413-415.
  • Choi, C. Y., Mark, N. C., & Sul, D. (2006). “Unbiased Estimation of The Half-Life to PPP Convergence in Panel Data”, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 921-938.
  • Dornbusch, R. (1976). “Expectations and Exchange Rate Dynamics”, Journal of Political Economy, 84(6), 1161-1176.
  • Dornbusch, R. (1985). Purchasing Power Parity. NBER Working Paper, (w1591).
  • Holmes, M. J., Otero, J., & Panagiotidis, T. (2012). “PPP in OECD Countries: An Analysis of Real Exchange Rate Stationarity, Cross-Sectional Dependency and Structural Breaks”, Open Economies Review, 23(5), 767-783.
  • Jiang, C., Bahmani-Oskooee, M., & Chang, T. (2015). “Revisiting Purchasing Power Parity in OECD”, Applied Economics, 47(40), 4323-4334.
  • Kalyoncu, H., & Kalyoncu, K. (2008). “Purchasing Power Parity in OECD Countries: Evidence from Panel Unit Root”, Economic Modelling, 25(3), 440-445.
  • Kumar Narayan, P. (2005). “New Evidence on Purchasing Power Parity from 17 OECD Countries”, Applied Economics, 37(9), 1063-1071.
  • Lau, C. K. M. (2009). “A More Powerful Panel Unit Root Test with An Application to PPP”, Applied Economics Letters, 16(1), 75-80.
  • Narayan, P. K. (2008). “The Purchasing Power Parity Revisited: New Evidence for 16 OECD Countries from Panel Unit Root Tests with Structural Breaks”, Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 18(2), 137-146.
  • Narayan, P. K., Narayan, S., & Prasad, A. (2009). “Evidence on PPP from A Cointegration Test with Multiple Structural Breaks”, Applied Economics Letters, 16(1), 5-8.
  • Obstfeld, M. (1993). Model Trending Real Exchange Rates (No. C93-011). University of California at Berkeley.
  • Qin, D. (2008). Uncover Latent PPP by Dynamic Factor Error Correction Model (DF-ECM) Approach: Evidence from Five OECD Countries, Economics, 2(1).
  • Rogoff, K. (1996). “The Purchasing Power Parity Puzzle”, Journal of Economic Literature, 34(2), 647-668.
  • Samuelson, P. A. (1964). “Theoretical Notes on Trade Problems”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 145-154.
  • Taylor, A. M. (2002). “A Century of Purchasing-Power Parity”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 84(1), 139-150.
  • Taylor, A. M., & Taylor, M. P. (2004). “The Purchasing Power Parity Debate”, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 18(4), 135-158.
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

İsmail Cem Ay 0000-0002-8915-8183

Publication Date December 20, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 ICOMEP ÖZEL SAYISI

Cite

APA Ay, İ. C. (2021). OECD ÜLKELERİNDE SATIN ALMA GÜCÜ PARİTESİNİN GEÇERLİLİĞİNİN ANALİZİ. Iğdır Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi180-191. https://doi.org/10.54600/igdirsosbilder.991721