Evaluation of Antioxidant, Cytotoxic and Antidiabetic Effects of Single Bulb Black Garlic Extracts

Year 2022, Issue: 17, 411 - 425, 29.08.2022

Selen İlgün , Esra Köngül Şafak , Sena Akçakaya Mutlu , Gökçe Şeker Karatoprak

https://doi.org/10.38079/igusabder.1079039

Abstract

Aim: It was aimed to determine the bioactivity of a single clove of black garlic, the fermented product obtained as a result of the treatment of Allium sativum L. (Garlic) plant with a certain degree of humidity and temperature.

Method: In the study, ethanol and water extract of black garlic bulb were prepared, and the separated husks were also extracted with ethanol, and their antioxidant activity was evaluated by scavenging DPPH● and ABTS●+ radicals. Its antidiabetic activity was determined by in vitro α-amylase inhibition test. The cytotoxic effect of the extracts on Colo-205 cells was determined using the MTT method.

Results: Among the black garlic extracts, the husk extract (A.S.K EtOH) was determined as the extract with the highest total phenol (61.40±0.48 mgGA/gextract) and total flavonoid (26.08±0.37 mgCA/gextract) content. In addition, at a concentration of 4mg/mL, A.S. SU had the highest DPPH● radical scavenging activity (% inhibition 64.66±1.94), while A.S.K EtOH extract had the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity (2.44±0.16mmol/L). /Trolox) was found. Among the extracts whose cytotoxic effect was evaluated in the human colorectal cancer cell line Colo-205, it was determined that A.S.K EtOH extract showed the most cytotoxic effect compared to other extracts in the concentration range of 1000-250 µg/mL. None of the extracts showed antidiabetic activity according to the α-amylase inhibition test, in which acarbose was used as a positive control.

Conclusion: The results are preliminary study on the biological activities of black garlic, which has been very popular in recent years. According to the data obtained, the active components of black garlic should be studied in more detail and the methods of obtaining and storing black garlic should be investigated in more detail. Thus, promising results can be obtained regarding the use and benefits of the fermented form of a medicinally important plant.

Keywords

Black garlic, maillard reaction, antioxidant, cytotoxicity

Tek Diş Siyah Sarımsak Ekstrelerinin Antioksidan, Sitotoksik ve Antidiyabetik Etkilerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Allium sativum L. (Sarımsak) bitkisinin belli bir derecede nem ve sıcaklık ile işlem görmesi sonucu, elde edilen fermente ürün tek diş siyah sarımsağın biyoaktivitesinin tespit edilmesi amaçlandı.

Yöntem: Çalışmada, siyah sarımsak dişlerinin etanol ve su ekstresi hazırlandı, yine ayrılan kabuk kısımları da etanol ile ekstre edilerek, DPPH● ve ABTS●+ radikalini süpürücü etki tayin yöntemi ile antioksidan aktivitesi değerlendirildi. In vitro α-amilaz inhibisyon testi ile antidiyabetik aktivitesi belirlendi. MTT yöntemi kullanılarak ekstrelerin Colo-205 hücrelerinde sitotoksik etkisi tayin edildi.

Bulgular: Siyah sarımsak ekstrelerinden kabuk ekstresi (A.S.K EtOH) en yüksek toplam fenol (61,40±0,48 mgGA/gekstre) ve toplam flavonoit (26,08±0,37 mgCA/gekstre) içeriğine sahip ekstre olarak tespit edildi. Ayrıca, 4mg/mL konsantrasyonda A.S. SU ekstresi DPPH● radikalini süpürücü aktivitesi (% inhibisyonu 64,66±1,94) en yüksek ekstre olarak tespit edilirken, A.S.K EtOH ekstresi 4mg/mL’de ABTS radikalini süpürücü aktivitesi en yüksek ekstre (2,44±0,16mmol/L/Trolox) olarak bulundu. İnsan kolorektal kanser hücre hattı Colo-205’te sitotoksik etkisi değerlendirilen ekstrelerden, S.K EtOH ekstresinin 1000-250 µg/mL konsantrasyon aralığında diğer ekstrelere oranla en fazla sitotoksik etki gösteren ekstre olduğu belirlendi. Ekstrelerden hiçbiri akarbozun pozitif kontrol olarak kullanıldığı α-amilaz inhibiyon testine göre antidiyabetik aktivite gösteremedi.

Sonuç: Sonuçlar son yıllarda oldukça popüler olan siyah sarımsağın biyolojik aktivitelerine dair ön çalışma verileridir. Elde edilen verilere göre siyah sarımsağın aktif bileşenlerinin daha detaylı bir şekilde çalışılması ve siyah sarımsak elde etme ve saklama yöntemlerinin daha detaylı araştırılması gerekmektedir. Böylelikle tıbbi açıdan oldukça büyük öneme sahip bir bitkinin fermente halinin kullanımı ve faydaları ile ilgili umut vaat edici sonuçlar elde edilebilir.

Keywords

Siyah sarımsak, maillard reaksiyonu, antioksidan, sitotoksisite

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