Utilization of Waste Eggshell as Catalyst in Biodiesel Production and Investigation of Efficiency, Density and Viscosity Parameters of Biodiesel Obtained in Different Reaction Times

Year 2019, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 22 - 28, 20.05.2019

Fevzi Yaşar

https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.517994

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Rise in the global population,
industrialization and urbanization together with increasing global trade and
production facilities increase the demand for energy and natural resources every
other year. Meeting the energy need arising from increasing industrialization,
population growth and urbanization is reasonably the initial requirement of a
sustainable development. Due to the start of rapid depletion of fossil fuels,
alternative energy sources have undertaken a crucial role in producing energy.
One of them is biodiesel. In production process of biodiesel via
transesterification, one of the most vital parameters affecting the production
efficiency is the catalyst that is used. Homogeneous and heterogeneous
catalysts are utilized in biodiesel production. A number of factors such as
saponification, spending great amount of reactive and extra dissociation cost
have negative influences on production cost. Because of these reasons, efforts
to develop high heterogeneous catalysts to hinder saponification, and the ones
with high efficiency and possessing reusability have gained great acceleration
and significance nowadays.

In this study, using cheap and local waste
eggshell as catalyst and the efficiency of biodiesel obtained in different
reaction times and the effect of density and viscosity parameters were
investigated. In the optimization studies (3-hour reaction time), the
efficiency of the biodiesel obtained as a result of the first use of the
catalyst was 94,82%, the density was 887kg / m3 and the viscosity was 4,965mm2
/ s. The results obtained in the second and third uses of the catalyst were
93.43%, 890 kg / m3, 4.962 mm2 / s and 91.96, 889 kg / m3, 4.968 mm2 / s,
respectively. The study was detailed by means of analysis methods such as XRD
and P-XRF. The results obtained suggest that waste eggshell can be used as
catalyst, and that this can have great effect on biodiesel efficiency and that
waste eggshell catalyst can be reused and that it can particularly reduce the
biodiesel cost significantly.

Keywords

Biodiesel, Catalyst, Waste Egg Shell, Yield, Density

References

• 1. Dr.Öğr. Üyesi Hüseyin ŞANLI Kocaeli Üniversitesi Ford Otosan İhsaniye Otomotiv MYO, Otomotiv, [e-mail]
• 2. Prof. Dr. Rasim BEHCET İnönü Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Makine Mühendisliğ, [e-mail]
• 3. Dr.Öğr. Üyesi Ertan ALPTEKİN Kocaeli Üniversitesi Teknoloji Fakültesi, Otomotiv Mühendisliği , [e-mail]