Research Article
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Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 4, 358 - 371, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..989976

Abstract

References

  • [1] Joshi S, Drzal L, Mohanty A, and Arora S. Are natural fiber composites environmentally superior to glass fiber reinforced composites. Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 2004;35(3):371–376.
  • [2] Nayak S, Jesthi DK, Saroj S, and Sadarang J. Assessment of impact and hardness property of natural fiber and glass fiber hybrid polymer composite. Mater. Today Proc. 2021;(Available Online).
  • [3] Jawaid M and Abdul Khalil H P S. Cellulosic/synthetic fibre reinforced polymer hybrid composites: A review.Carbohydr. Polym. 2011;86(1),1–18.
  • [4] Sabeel Ahmed K and Vijayarangan S.Elastic property evaluation of jute-glass fibre hybrid composite using experimental and CLT approach. Indian J. Eng. Mater. Sci. 2006;13(5):435–442.
  • [5] Jawaid M, Khalil HPSA, Bakar AA., and Khanam PN.Chemical resistance, void content and tensile properties of oil palm/jute fibre reinforced polymer hybrid composites. Mater. Des. 2011;32(2): 1014–1019.
  • [6] Hasan KMF, Islam M, Al Azad S, Iqbal M. I, and Wu JH. Dynamic Mechanical Behavior and Analysis of the Jute-Glass Fiber Reinforced Polyester Hybrid Composites. Am. J. Appl. Phys. 2016; 1(1):1–12.
  • [7] Acharya SK, Bera T, Prakash V, and Pradhan S.Effect of stacking sequence on the tribological behaviour of jute-glass hybrid epoxy composite. Mater. Today Proc. 2020;28:936–939.
  • [8] Velu S, Joseph JK, Sivakumar M, Bupesh Raja VK, Palanikumar K, and Lenin N. Experimental investigation on the mechanical properties of carbon-glass-jute fiber reinforced epoxy hybrid composites. Mater. Today Proc. 2021; 46: 3566–3571.
  • [9] Ouarhim W, Essabir H, Bensalah MO, Rodrigue D, Bouhfid R, and el kacem Qaiss A.Hybrid composites and intra-ply hybrid composites based on jute and glass fibers: A comparative study on moisture absorption and mechanical properties. Mater. Today Commun. 2020;22:100861
  • [10] Gujjala R, Ojha S, Acharya SK, and Pal SK. Mechanical properties of woven jute-glass hybrid-reinforced epoxy composite. J. Compos. Mater. 2014; 48(28):3445–3455.
  • [11] Singh H, Singh JIP., Singh S, Dhawan , and Tiwari SKA. Brief Review of Jute Fibre and Its Composites. Mater. Today Proc. 2018;5(14):28427–28437.
  • [12] Chandekar H, Chaudhari V, and Waigaonkar S.A review of jute fiber reinforced polymer composites. Mater. Today Proc.2020; (26):2079–2082.
  • [13] Sezgin H and Berkalp OB. The effect of hybridization on significant characteristics of jute/glass and jute/carbon-reinforced composites. J. Ind. Text.2017; 47 (3):283–296.
  • [14] Magarajan U, Kumar SD, Arvind D, Kannan N, and Hemanandan PA. Comparative Study on the Static Mechanical Properties of Glass Fibre Vs Glass-Jute Fibre Polymer Composite. Mater. Today Proc. 2018;5(2):6711–6716.
  • [15] Jha K, Samantaray BB, and Tamrakar PA. Study on Erosion and Mechanical Behavior of Jute/E-Glass Hybrid Composite. Mater. Today Proc. 2018;5(2):5601–5607.
  • [16] Braga RA and Magalhaes PAA. Analysis of the mechanical and thermal properties of jute and glass fiber as reinforcement epoxy hybrid composites. Mater. Sci. Eng. C. 2015;56:269–273.
  • [17] Bindal A, Singh S, Batra NK, and Khanna R.Development of Glass/Jute Fibers Reinforced Polyester Composite. Indian J. Mater. Sci. 2013;2013: 1–6.
  • [18] Naveen Reddy C, Rajeswari C, Malyadri T, and Sai Hari SNS. Effect of moisture absorption on the mechanical properties of jute/glass hybrid sandwich composites. Mater. Today Proc. 2021; 45:3307-3311.
  • [19] Nagaraj C, Mishra D, and Reddy JDP.Estimation of tensile properties of fabricated multi layered natural jute fiber reinforced e-glass composite material. Mater. Today Proc. 2020;27:1443–1448.
  • [20] Pandita SD, Yuan X, Manan MA, Lau CH, Subramanian AS, and Wei J. Evaluation of jute/glass hybrid composite sandwich: Water resistance, impact properties and life cycle assessment. J. Reinf. Plast. Compos.2014; 33(1):14–25.
  • [21] Sezgin H and Berkalp OB. Improvement of Mechanical Properties of Jute/E-glass Fabric Reinforced Hybrid Composites. IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 2018;460(1):012049
  • [22] Aktas M and Karakuzu R.Determination of mechanical properties of Glass-epoxy composites in high temperatures. Polym. Compos. 2009;30(10):1437–1441.
  • [23] Hiremath V, Singh M, and Shukla DK.Effect of post curing temperature on viscoelastic and flexural properties of epoxy/alumina polymer nanocomposites.Procedia Eng. 2014; 97: 479–487.
  • [24] Kumar DS, Shukla MJ, Mahato KK, Rathore DK, Prusty RK, and Ray BC.Effect of post-curing on thermal and mechanical behavior of GFRP composites.IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 2015; 75( 1):012012.
  • [25] Aruniit A, Kers J, Krumme A, Poltimäe T, and Tall K.Preliminary study of the influence of post curing parameters to the particle reinforced composite’s mechanical and physical properties. Medziagotyra. 2012; 18(3):256–261.
  • [26] Almeida-Chetti VA, Macchi RL, and Iglesias ME.Effect of post-curing treatment on mechanical properties of composite resins. Acta Odontol. Latinoam.2014; 27(2): 72–76.
  • [27] Cao S, Wu Z, and Wang X.Tensile properties of CFRP and hybrid FRP composites at elevated temperatures. J. Compos. Mater. 2009; 43(4):315–330.
  • [28] Kim MG, Kang SG, Kim CG, and Kong CW.Tensile properties of carbon fiber composites with different resin compositions at cryogenic temperatures. Adv. Compos. Mater. 2010;19(1):63–77.
  • [29] Cao Y and Cameron J.The effect of curing conditions on the properties of silica modified glass fiber reinforced epoxy composite. J. Reinf. Plast. Compos.2007;26(1):41–50.
  • [30] Balcıoğlu E, Kaya T, Akyıldız K, and Aktaş M. Kürleme Sıcaklığı ve Süresinin Dokuma Cam/Polyester Tabakalı Kompozitlerin Çekme Mukavemetlerine Etkisi. II.Ulusal Ege Kompozit Malzemeler Sempozyumu 7-9 Kasım, 2013,İzmir,Turkey.171-177.
  • [31] Kompozitshop, Epoxy and hardener.https://www.kompozitshop.com/epoksi-recine-ve-sertlestirici.(Accessed May 2021)
  • [32]ASTM D2584-94. Standard test method for ignition loss of cured reinforced resin. American Society for Testing and Materials. West Conshohocken, United States.1994.
  • [33] Karacor B.The Usage Of Natural Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composite Materials As An Alternative to Automobile Interior Plastics.Cukurova University,Department of Automotive Engineering, MSc Thesis,Adana,Turkey,2020.
  • [34] Özarslan H., Desıgn And Development Of A Lıght Weıght Composıte Chassıs For Electrıc Vehicle Applıcatıons. Cukurova University, Department of Automotive Engineering, MSc Thesis,Adana,Turkey,2016.
  • [35] ASTM D3039/D3039-M.Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Material. American Society for Testing and Materials. West Conshohocken, United States.2000.
  • [36] ASTM E92-17.Standard Test Methods for Vickers Hardness and Knoop Hardness of Metallic Materials. American Society for Testing and Materials. West Conshohocken, United States.2017.
  • [37] Ahmed KS and Vijayarangan S.Tensile, flexural and interlaminar shear properties of woven jute and jute-glass fabric reinforced polyester composites. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 2008;207(1–3):330–335.

Different Curing Temperature Effects on Mechanical Properties of Jute/Glass Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composites

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 4, 358 - 371, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..989976

Abstract

In this study, the effect of different curing temperatures (60°C,80°C, and 100°C) on the mechanical characteristics of Jute and Glass fiber-based hybrid composites were analyzed mechanically, physically, and morphologically. Jute fiber fabric and glass fiber fabrics (49 gr/m² and 100 gr/m²) were used as reinforcement elements, while epoxy was utilized as ma-trix materials. A vacuum assisted resin transfer molding method (VARTM) was used as the production method. The mechanical test results were achieved by the Tensile test and Vick-ers hardness test, while morphologic images were obtained by Scanning Electron Microsco-py (SEM). Physical data was also obtained by the ignition loss test. The effects of tempera-ture and hybridization on mechanical properties of hybrid composite samples formed with jute fabric and glass fiber material with different weights per square meter at different cur-ing temperatures are given in the results. Results show that increasing post cure temperature 60°C to 80°C 3.18%-3.41% rate augment in tensile strength. It was discovered that there was a decreasement in tensile strength with an increase in temperature from 80 °C to 100 °C after curing. In the hardness test results, increasing post curing temperature had an increas-ing effect on the hardness values. SEM analysis results also supported the tensile test re-sults.

References

  • [1] Joshi S, Drzal L, Mohanty A, and Arora S. Are natural fiber composites environmentally superior to glass fiber reinforced composites. Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 2004;35(3):371–376.
  • [2] Nayak S, Jesthi DK, Saroj S, and Sadarang J. Assessment of impact and hardness property of natural fiber and glass fiber hybrid polymer composite. Mater. Today Proc. 2021;(Available Online).
  • [3] Jawaid M and Abdul Khalil H P S. Cellulosic/synthetic fibre reinforced polymer hybrid composites: A review.Carbohydr. Polym. 2011;86(1),1–18.
  • [4] Sabeel Ahmed K and Vijayarangan S.Elastic property evaluation of jute-glass fibre hybrid composite using experimental and CLT approach. Indian J. Eng. Mater. Sci. 2006;13(5):435–442.
  • [5] Jawaid M, Khalil HPSA, Bakar AA., and Khanam PN.Chemical resistance, void content and tensile properties of oil palm/jute fibre reinforced polymer hybrid composites. Mater. Des. 2011;32(2): 1014–1019.
  • [6] Hasan KMF, Islam M, Al Azad S, Iqbal M. I, and Wu JH. Dynamic Mechanical Behavior and Analysis of the Jute-Glass Fiber Reinforced Polyester Hybrid Composites. Am. J. Appl. Phys. 2016; 1(1):1–12.
  • [7] Acharya SK, Bera T, Prakash V, and Pradhan S.Effect of stacking sequence on the tribological behaviour of jute-glass hybrid epoxy composite. Mater. Today Proc. 2020;28:936–939.
  • [8] Velu S, Joseph JK, Sivakumar M, Bupesh Raja VK, Palanikumar K, and Lenin N. Experimental investigation on the mechanical properties of carbon-glass-jute fiber reinforced epoxy hybrid composites. Mater. Today Proc. 2021; 46: 3566–3571.
  • [9] Ouarhim W, Essabir H, Bensalah MO, Rodrigue D, Bouhfid R, and el kacem Qaiss A.Hybrid composites and intra-ply hybrid composites based on jute and glass fibers: A comparative study on moisture absorption and mechanical properties. Mater. Today Commun. 2020;22:100861
  • [10] Gujjala R, Ojha S, Acharya SK, and Pal SK. Mechanical properties of woven jute-glass hybrid-reinforced epoxy composite. J. Compos. Mater. 2014; 48(28):3445–3455.
  • [11] Singh H, Singh JIP., Singh S, Dhawan , and Tiwari SKA. Brief Review of Jute Fibre and Its Composites. Mater. Today Proc. 2018;5(14):28427–28437.
  • [12] Chandekar H, Chaudhari V, and Waigaonkar S.A review of jute fiber reinforced polymer composites. Mater. Today Proc.2020; (26):2079–2082.
  • [13] Sezgin H and Berkalp OB. The effect of hybridization on significant characteristics of jute/glass and jute/carbon-reinforced composites. J. Ind. Text.2017; 47 (3):283–296.
  • [14] Magarajan U, Kumar SD, Arvind D, Kannan N, and Hemanandan PA. Comparative Study on the Static Mechanical Properties of Glass Fibre Vs Glass-Jute Fibre Polymer Composite. Mater. Today Proc. 2018;5(2):6711–6716.
  • [15] Jha K, Samantaray BB, and Tamrakar PA. Study on Erosion and Mechanical Behavior of Jute/E-Glass Hybrid Composite. Mater. Today Proc. 2018;5(2):5601–5607.
  • [16] Braga RA and Magalhaes PAA. Analysis of the mechanical and thermal properties of jute and glass fiber as reinforcement epoxy hybrid composites. Mater. Sci. Eng. C. 2015;56:269–273.
  • [17] Bindal A, Singh S, Batra NK, and Khanna R.Development of Glass/Jute Fibers Reinforced Polyester Composite. Indian J. Mater. Sci. 2013;2013: 1–6.
  • [18] Naveen Reddy C, Rajeswari C, Malyadri T, and Sai Hari SNS. Effect of moisture absorption on the mechanical properties of jute/glass hybrid sandwich composites. Mater. Today Proc. 2021; 45:3307-3311.
  • [19] Nagaraj C, Mishra D, and Reddy JDP.Estimation of tensile properties of fabricated multi layered natural jute fiber reinforced e-glass composite material. Mater. Today Proc. 2020;27:1443–1448.
  • [20] Pandita SD, Yuan X, Manan MA, Lau CH, Subramanian AS, and Wei J. Evaluation of jute/glass hybrid composite sandwich: Water resistance, impact properties and life cycle assessment. J. Reinf. Plast. Compos.2014; 33(1):14–25.
  • [21] Sezgin H and Berkalp OB. Improvement of Mechanical Properties of Jute/E-glass Fabric Reinforced Hybrid Composites. IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 2018;460(1):012049
  • [22] Aktas M and Karakuzu R.Determination of mechanical properties of Glass-epoxy composites in high temperatures. Polym. Compos. 2009;30(10):1437–1441.
  • [23] Hiremath V, Singh M, and Shukla DK.Effect of post curing temperature on viscoelastic and flexural properties of epoxy/alumina polymer nanocomposites.Procedia Eng. 2014; 97: 479–487.
  • [24] Kumar DS, Shukla MJ, Mahato KK, Rathore DK, Prusty RK, and Ray BC.Effect of post-curing on thermal and mechanical behavior of GFRP composites.IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 2015; 75( 1):012012.
  • [25] Aruniit A, Kers J, Krumme A, Poltimäe T, and Tall K.Preliminary study of the influence of post curing parameters to the particle reinforced composite’s mechanical and physical properties. Medziagotyra. 2012; 18(3):256–261.
  • [26] Almeida-Chetti VA, Macchi RL, and Iglesias ME.Effect of post-curing treatment on mechanical properties of composite resins. Acta Odontol. Latinoam.2014; 27(2): 72–76.
  • [27] Cao S, Wu Z, and Wang X.Tensile properties of CFRP and hybrid FRP composites at elevated temperatures. J. Compos. Mater. 2009; 43(4):315–330.
  • [28] Kim MG, Kang SG, Kim CG, and Kong CW.Tensile properties of carbon fiber composites with different resin compositions at cryogenic temperatures. Adv. Compos. Mater. 2010;19(1):63–77.
  • [29] Cao Y and Cameron J.The effect of curing conditions on the properties of silica modified glass fiber reinforced epoxy composite. J. Reinf. Plast. Compos.2007;26(1):41–50.
  • [30] Balcıoğlu E, Kaya T, Akyıldız K, and Aktaş M. Kürleme Sıcaklığı ve Süresinin Dokuma Cam/Polyester Tabakalı Kompozitlerin Çekme Mukavemetlerine Etkisi. II.Ulusal Ege Kompozit Malzemeler Sempozyumu 7-9 Kasım, 2013,İzmir,Turkey.171-177.
  • [31] Kompozitshop, Epoxy and hardener.https://www.kompozitshop.com/epoksi-recine-ve-sertlestirici.(Accessed May 2021)
  • [32]ASTM D2584-94. Standard test method for ignition loss of cured reinforced resin. American Society for Testing and Materials. West Conshohocken, United States.1994.
  • [33] Karacor B.The Usage Of Natural Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composite Materials As An Alternative to Automobile Interior Plastics.Cukurova University,Department of Automotive Engineering, MSc Thesis,Adana,Turkey,2020.
  • [34] Özarslan H., Desıgn And Development Of A Lıght Weıght Composıte Chassıs For Electrıc Vehicle Applıcatıons. Cukurova University, Department of Automotive Engineering, MSc Thesis,Adana,Turkey,2016.
  • [35] ASTM D3039/D3039-M.Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Material. American Society for Testing and Materials. West Conshohocken, United States.2000.
  • [36] ASTM E92-17.Standard Test Methods for Vickers Hardness and Knoop Hardness of Metallic Materials. American Society for Testing and Materials. West Conshohocken, United States.2017.
  • [37] Ahmed KS and Vijayarangan S.Tensile, flexural and interlaminar shear properties of woven jute and jute-glass fabric reinforced polyester composites. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 2008;207(1–3):330–335.
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Material Production Technologies
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Berkay Karacor 0000-0001-5208-366X

Mustafa Özcanlı 0000-0001-6088-2912

Publication Date December 31, 2021
Submission Date September 3, 2021
Acceptance Date December 6, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 5 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Karacor, B., & Özcanlı, M. (2021). Different Curing Temperature Effects on Mechanical Properties of Jute/Glass Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composites. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology, 5(4), 358-371. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..989976
AMA Karacor B, Özcanlı M. Different Curing Temperature Effects on Mechanical Properties of Jute/Glass Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composites. IJASTECH. December 2021;5(4):358-371. doi:10.30939/ijastech.989976
Chicago Karacor, Berkay, and Mustafa Özcanlı. “Different Curing Temperature Effects on Mechanical Properties of Jute/Glass Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composites”. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology 5, no. 4 (December 2021): 358-71. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech. 989976.
EndNote Karacor B, Özcanlı M (December 1, 2021) Different Curing Temperature Effects on Mechanical Properties of Jute/Glass Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composites. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology 5 4 358–371.
IEEE B. Karacor and M. Özcanlı, “Different Curing Temperature Effects on Mechanical Properties of Jute/Glass Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composites”, IJASTECH, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 358–371, 2021, doi: 10.30939/ijastech..989976.
ISNAD Karacor, Berkay - Özcanlı, Mustafa. “Different Curing Temperature Effects on Mechanical Properties of Jute/Glass Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composites”. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology 5/4 (December 2021), 358-371. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech. 989976.
JAMA Karacor B, Özcanlı M. Different Curing Temperature Effects on Mechanical Properties of Jute/Glass Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composites. IJASTECH. 2021;5:358–371.
MLA Karacor, Berkay and Mustafa Özcanlı. “Different Curing Temperature Effects on Mechanical Properties of Jute/Glass Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composites”. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology, vol. 5, no. 4, 2021, pp. 358-71, doi:10.30939/ijastech. 989976.
Vancouver Karacor B, Özcanlı M. Different Curing Temperature Effects on Mechanical Properties of Jute/Glass Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Composites. IJASTECH. 2021;5(4):358-71.


International Journal of Automotive Science and Technology (IJASTECH) is published by Society of Automotive Engineers Turkey

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