Assessment of Mineral Content Variations for Biofortification of the Bean Seed

Year 2018, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 261 - 269, 30.12.2018

Mehmet Zahit Yeken , Hacer Akpolat Tolga Karaköy , Vahdettin Çiftçi

https://doi.org/10.24180/ijaws.455311

Cited By: 4

Abstract

Germplasm collections are very
important for breeder to develop new cultivars with high mineral nutrients and
yield. Eighty-three Phaseolus landraces were collected from different provinces of Western Anatolia Region of Turkey
in 2015-2016. Twenty common bean lines were
selected according to morphological characterization results and weighted
scaling method in 2016. Phosphorus (P), potassium (K), copper (Cu), zinc
(Zn), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) contents of these twenty common bean lines and two
commercial cultivars were tested under field conditions. Randomized block
design with three replicates was used for analysis in 2017 growing season on
the experimental farm of Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University. The results showed
high level of variation among lines and cultivars in terms of P (0.94-1.30%), K
(2.38-3.59%), Cu (7.80-14.80 mg kg^-1),
Zn (19.74-66.68 mg kg^-1), Mn
(7.46-27.25 mg kg^-1), Fe
(48.98-182.45 mg kg^-1), Ca
(0.18-0.48 mg kg^-1) and Mg
(0.56-0.71 mg kg^-1) contents.
Positive correlations were found between K and Zn (r=0.447; P<0.05), P and Fe (r=0.485; P<0.05), Ca and Mg (r=0.693;
P<0.01). In principal component analysis
(PCA), the first 4 principal components accounted for approximately 73% of the
total variability. The lines, Ylv-14, Ylv-32, Blck-7, Blksr-3 and Brs-22 had
superior mineral contents for Fe and P, Cu and Mn, Ca and Mg, Zn, and K,
respectively. Therefore, these lines represent
promising candidates for biofortifying the bean seed and can be registered as
cultivars in Turkey. Moreover, these lines will be used further for identifying
the QTL regions by developing biparental mapping populations for an effective
breeding program in Turkey in near future.

Keywords

Biofortification, micro- and macronutrient, Phaseolus vulgaris L.

Fasulye Tohumunun Biyofortifikasyonu için Mineral İçerik Vasyasyonlarının Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Genetik kaynaklar ıslahçıların yüksek
verim ve mineral içeriğine sahip yeni çeşitler geliştirebilmesi için çok
önemlidir. 2015-2016 yılları arasında Türkiye’nin Batı Anadolu bölgesinin
farklı bölgelerinden seksen üç Phaseolus populasyonu
toplanmıştır. Morfolojik karakterizasyon sonuçları ve tartılı derecelendirmeye
göre yirmi fasulye hattı 2016 yılında seçilmiştir. Yirmi fasulye hattının ve
iki ticari çeşidin fosfor, potasyum, bakır, çinko, mangan, demir, kalsiyum ve
magnezyum içerikleri tarla koşullarında test edilmiştir. Deneme 2017 yılı
yetiştirme periyodunda Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi, Araştırma ve
Uygulama Alanı’nda tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre üç tekrarlamalı olarak
yürütülmüştür. Sonuçlar, fasulye hat ve çeşitleri arasında P (%0.94−1.30), K (%2.38-3.59), Cu (7.80-14.80 mg kg^-1), Zn
(19.74-66.68 mg kg^-1), Mn
(7.46-27.25 mg kg^-1), Fe
(48.98-182.45 mg kg^-1), Ca
(0.18-0.48 mg kg^-1) ve Mg
(0.56-0.71 mg kg^-1) yüksek
oranda varyasyon göstermiştir. K ve Zn
(r=0.447; P<0.05), P ve Fe (r=0.485;
P<0.05), Ca ve Mg (r=0.693; P<0.01) arasında pozitif yönde korelasyon
bulunmuştur. Ana bileşen analizine göre toplam çeşitliliğin %73’ünden ilk 4
temel komponentin sorumlu olduğu görülmüştür. Ylv-14, Ylv-32, Blck-7, Blksr-3
ve Brs-22 hatları sırasıyla Fe ve P, Cu ve Mn, Ca ve Mg, Zn, ve K bakımından
daha yüksek mineral içeriğine sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu sebeplerden
dolayı, bu hatlar fasulye tohumlarının biyofortifikasyonu için ümitvar adayları
temsil etmekte ve Türkiye’de çeşit olarak tescillenebilir. Ayrıca bu hatlar,
yakın gelecekte etkili ıslah programları için biparental haritalama populasyonu
geliştirilerek QTL bölgelerinin tanımlanması amacıyla da kullanılabilir.

Keywords

Biyofortifikasyon, mikro-makro mineral, Phaseolus vulgaris L.

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