Japon Bıldırcın Rasyonlarında Kurutulmuş Semizotu (Portulaca oleracea L.) Kullanımının Büyüme Performansı ve Bazı Karkas Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi
Year 2024,
Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 303 - 312, 25.08.2024
Mehmet Akif Özcan
,
Levent Gülüm
,
Mustafa Midilli
,
Muhammet Gören
,
Yusuf Talha İçoğlu
Abstract
Bu çalışma, bıldırcın rasyonlarına farklı oranlarda katılmış kurutulmuş semizotu (Portulaca oleracea L.) ilavesinin büyüme performansı, bazı kan ve karkas parametreleri ve bazı et kalite özellikleri üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, bir günlük yaşta toplam 256 adet bıldırcın kullanılmış ve bıldırcınlar 4 muamele grubuna 4 tekerrürlü olarak dağıtılmışlardır. Muamele grupları: (1) Kontrol (K, semizotu yok), (2) kontrol yemine % 2 kurutulmuş semizotu ilavesi, (3) kontrol yemine % 4 kurutulmuş semizotu ilavesi ve (4) kontrol yemine % 6 kurutulmuş semizotu ilave edilen gruplardan oluşturulmuştur. Muameleler grupların büyüme performansı, bazı et kalite parametreleri ve sıcak karkas randımanı ve ince bağırsak oransal ağırlığı haricinde bazı kesim parametreleri üzerine önemli bir etkisi gözlenmemiştir. Rasyona %4 ve 6 oranlarında kurutulmuş semizotu ilavesi kontrol grubuna göre sıcak karkas randımanını önemli derecede iyileştirmiştir. Ancak ince bağırsak oransal ağırlığı bakımından kurutulmuş semizotu ilavesinin kontrole göre daha düşük ince bağırsak oransal ağırlığına neden olduğu gözlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, bıldırcın rasyonlarına %6’ya kadar kurutulmuş semizotunun alternatif bir yem maddesi olarak kullanılabileceği görülmüştür.
Project Number
2019.28.01.1368.
References
- Abou-Kassem, D. E., El-Kholy, M. S., Alagawany, M., Laudadio, V., & Tufarelli, V. (2019). Age and sex-related differences in performance, carcass traits, hemato–biochemical parameters, and meat quality in Japanese quails. Poultry science, 98(4), 1684-1691. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pey543.
- Abdul-Majeed, A. F., Rahawi, G. A., & AL-Chalabi, A. M. (2021). Effect of adding nettle plant on some physiological and biochemical parameters of broiler chickens. Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 35, 115-119.
- Alamoudi, M. O., & Aljarari, R. M. (2020). Portulaca oleracea leaves in broiler diets: Effect on chicken performance and health. Eurasian Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 15(2), 13-20. http://eurasianjournals.com/EJAC/index.php/ej/issue/view/V15I2.
- Akbari, M., Hajinezhad, M. R., Zadeh, E. R., & Jamshidian, A. (2014). Effects of purslane seeds extract on Japanese Quail blood glucose, serum lipoproteins and abdominal fat pad weight. International Journal of Analytical, Pharmaceutiacl and Biomedical Sciences, 3(5), 60-65.
- Association of Official Analytical Chemists: Official Methods of Analysis of Association of Official Chemists, 15th Edn. Methods 932.06, 925.09, 985.29, 923.03, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA, USA, 1990.
- Aydın, Ö. M. (2023). Farklı yerleşim sıklığında yetiştirilen bıldırcınların rasyonlarına bitkisel ekstrakt karışımı katılmasının performans, et kalitesi ve bazı oksidatif stres parametreleri üzerine etkisi. [Doktora Tezi Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi]. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni.jsp.
- Daş, B., Daş, A., Koyuncu, İ., Bilal, O., Çetin, M., Kırar, N., Tufan, T., & Şengül, A. Y. (2020). Bıldırcın rasyonlarına nane yağı ilavesinin besi performansı, et kalitesi, karkas kompozisyonu ve oksidadif stres belirleyicileri üzerine etkisi. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(1), 186-194. https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.680061.
- Dhiab, A. T., & Ali, A. J. (2023). Effect of adding Cynara scolymus L.(artichoke) extract to water or diet on the productive performance of broilers. Revis Bionatura, 8(2), 14.
- Doğan, İ. (2008). Semizotunun (Portulaca oleracea L.) Yumurta Tavuğu Rasyonlarında Kullanılmasının Yumurta Kabuğu İç ve Dış Kalitesi Üzerine Etkileri. [Yüksek Lisans tezi, Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi]. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni.jsp.
- Elhussein, E. H., Abel Atti, K. A., Ibrahim, E. A., & Elamin, K. M. (2015). Nutritional Evaluation of Dried Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) in Broiler Performance. Global Journal of Animal Scientific Research, 3(2), 583-589. file:///C:/Users/onat/Downloads/240-1927-1-PB.pdf.
- Eratalar, S. A., Okur, N., & Yaman, A. (2022). The effects of stocking density on slaughter performance and some meat quality parameters of Pekin ducks. Archives Animal Breeding, 65(2), 199-206.
- Faryadi, S., Sheikhahmadi, A., & Sadeghi, A. (2020). Effect of purslane powder and Zinc supplementation on the performance, egg quality, antioxidant system and liver histopathology of lead-exposed laying Quails. Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society, 71(3):2363-2374. https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.25098.
- Ghorbani, M. R., Bojarpur, M., Mayahi, M., Fayazi, J., Fatemitabatabei, R., Tabatabei, S., & Zulkifli, I. (2013). Effect of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) on performance and carcass characteristic of broiler chickens. Iranian Veterinary Journal, 9(4): 88-98.
- Ghorbani, M. R., Bojarpur, M., Mayahi, M., Fayazi, J., Fatemitabatabei, R., Tabatabei, S., & Zulkifli, I. (2014). Effects of purslane extract on performance, immunity responses and cecal microbial population of broiler chickens. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Resarch, 12(4): 1094-1098. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2014124-5483.
- Grau, R., Hamm, R., and Baumann, A. (1953). Uber das Wasser bindungs vermögen des toten Säugetier muskels, Internatıonal Biochemistry Journal, 325, 1–11.
- Hamodi, S. J., Bandr, L. K., & Alkhilani, F. M. (2021). Effect of adding different levels of dried dill (Anethum gravelens) to the diet on the productive performance of broilers. International Journal of Aquatic Science, 12(2), 5345-5351.
- Jensen, W. K., Devine, C., and Dikeman, M.: Encyclopedia of Meat Science, Elsevier Publication, 1353, New Zealand, ISBN 9780080924441, 2004.
- Jian, G., Cuijun, Y., & Maohong, S. (2013). Effects of Portulaca oleracea polysaccharide on growth performance, blood hormones secretion and serum lipid of chicken. Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association, 28(2), 87–92.
- Kartikasari, L. R., Hertanto, B. S., & Nuhriawangsa, A. M. (2018). Carcass and cut yields of broiler chickens fed diet containing purslane meal rich in omega-3 fats. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 102, No. 1, p. 012088). IOP Publishing, 102. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/102/1/012088.
- Konca, Y., Beyzi, S. B., Karabacak, M., & Yaylak, E. (2015). Bıldırcın Rasyonlarına Farklı Seviyelerde Semizotu Tohumu (Portulaca oleracea L.) İlavesinin Karkas, Kan Lipid Profili ve Antioksidan Özellikler Üzerine Etkisi. Tavukçuluk Araştırma Dergisi, 12(2), 1-6.
- Lee, K. W., Everts, H., Kappert, H. J, Frehner, M., Losa, R., & Beyen, A. C. (2003). Effects of dietary essential oil components on growth performance, digestive enzymes and lipid metabolism in female broiler chickens. British Poultry Science, 44(3), 450-457. https://doi.org/10.1080/0007166031000085508.
- Levic J., Sinisa M., Djuragic O., & Slavica S. (2008). Herbs and organic acids as an alternative for antibiotic growth promoters. Archiva Zootechnica, 11, 5-11.
- M Aly, M. M., S Abdelrasoul, R. A., Boulos, N., Khalifa, M. A., & Abdelwahab, A. A. (2023). Effect of Peppermint Leaves Powder (Mentha Piperita L.) and L-Menthol Crystal on Nutrients Digestibility, Performance, Digestive Enzymes, Thyroid Hormone, Immunity, Antioxidant Indices and Microbial Population of Laying Quail. Egyptian Poultry Science Journal, 43(1), 175-196.
- Mahlake, S. K., Mnisi, C. M., Lebopa, C., & Kumanda, C. (2021). The effect of green tea (Camellia sinensis) leaf powder on growth performance, selected hematological indices, carcass characteristics and meat quality parameters of Jumbo quail. Sustainability, 13(13), 7080; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13137080.
- Mnisi, C. M., Mlambo, V., Kumanda, C., & Crafford, A. (2021). Effect of graded levels of red grape pomace (Vitis vinifera L.) powder on physiological and meat quality responses of Japanese quail. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A—Animal Science, 70(2), 100-106. https://doi.org/10.1080/09064702.2021.1923796.
- Naderiboroojerdi, N., Zeinali, A., & Hoseini, A. (2022). Comparison of Different Levels of Thyme and Rosemary Ether Extracts on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens. Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Research, 5, 682-689.
- NRC, (1994). Nutrient Requirements of Ring-Necked Pheasants, Japanese Quail and Bobwhite quail, Nutrient requirements of poultry (9th rev.ed.). National Academy Press, Washington DC., USA. p:45.
- Ölmez M., Adıgüzel Işık S., Şahin T., & Yörük M. A. (2021). The effects of pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.) on performance, carcass and meat quality in Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 68(3): 343-348. https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.767472.
- Rashnou, M., Masouri, B., Khosravinia, H., & Kavan, B. P. (2023). Effect of Dietary Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) and Garden Cress (Lepidium sativum) Seeds on Productive Performance, Yolk Fatty Acids Profile, Serum Lipoproteins and Egg Quality in Japanese Quails. Poultry Science Journal, 11(2).
- Sadeghi, G., Karimi, A., Shafeie, F., Vaziry, A., & Farhadi, D., (2016). The effects of purslane powder on growth performance, carcass characteristics, antioxidant status and blood metabolites in broiler chickens. Livestock Sciences, 184:35-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2015.12.003.
- Simopoulos A. P., Norman H. A., Gillaspy J. E., & Duke J. A. (1992). Common purslane: a source of omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 11, 374-382. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.1992.10718240.
- Sukaryana, Y., & Syahpura, S. K. (2022). Optimization of Addition of Garlic Powder (Allium sativum) in Ration to Broiler Performance. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 1012, No. 1, p. 012026). IOP Publishing.
- Tabatabie, S. N., & Shahbaz Boroujeni, A. K. (2015). The effects of using Purslane seeds supplementation on performance, some blood parameters and immune response in broiler chicks. Research Opinions in Animal & Veterinary Sciences, 5(3), 138-142.
- Tekce, E., Bayraktar, B., Aksakal, V., Dertli, E., Kamiloğlu, A., Çinar Topcu, K., Takma, Ç., Gül, M., & Kaya, H. (2020). Response of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) to dietary inclusion of Moringa oleifera essential oil under heat stress condition. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 19(1), 514-523. https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2020.1760740.
- Van Elswyk, M. E. (1997). Comparasion of n-3 Fatty Acid SSources in Laying Hen Rations for İmprovement of Whole Egg Nutritionel Qulity. A Reviev. The British Journal of Nutrition, 78(1) 61-69. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN19970135.
- Wang, C., Liu, Q., Ye, F., Tang, H., Xiong, Y., Wu, Y., Wang, L., Feng, X., Zhang, S., Wan, Y., & Huang, J. (2021). Dietary purslane promotes the growth performance of broilers by modulation of gut microbiaota. AMB Express. 11:31. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-021-01190-z.
- Zhao, X. H., He, X., Yang, X. F., & Zhong, X. H. (2013). Effect of Portulaca oleracea extracts on growth performance and microbial populations in ceca of broilers. Poultry Science, 92(5), 1343–1347. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2012-02434
Effects of The Use of Dried Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) in Japanese Quail Rations on Growth Performance and Some Carcass Parameters
Year 2024,
Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 303 - 312, 25.08.2024
Mehmet Akif Özcan
,
Levent Gülüm
,
Mustafa Midilli
,
Muhammet Gören
,
Yusuf Talha İçoğlu
Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the effects of dried purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) added to quail rations in different proportions on growth performance, some blood and carcass parameters and some meat quality characteristics. In the study, a total of 256 one-day-old quails were used, distributed to four treatment groups in four replications. The treatment groups consisted of: (1) Control (C, no purslane), (2) 2% dried purslane added to control feed, (3) 4% dried purslane added to control feed, and (4) 6% dried purslane added to control feed. It was determined that none of the concentrations of purslane used in the study had a significant effect on growth performance, meat quality parameters or slaughter parameters except for small intestine weight and warm carcass yield. The addition of 4 and 6% dried purslane to the ration significantly improved the warm carcass yield compared to the control group. However, it was observed that the addition of dried purslane caused lower proportional small intestine weight compared to the control. In conclusion, it was seen that up to 6% dried purslane can be used as an alternative feed ingredient in quail rations
Project Number
2019.28.01.1368.
References
- Abou-Kassem, D. E., El-Kholy, M. S., Alagawany, M., Laudadio, V., & Tufarelli, V. (2019). Age and sex-related differences in performance, carcass traits, hemato–biochemical parameters, and meat quality in Japanese quails. Poultry science, 98(4), 1684-1691. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pey543.
- Abdul-Majeed, A. F., Rahawi, G. A., & AL-Chalabi, A. M. (2021). Effect of adding nettle plant on some physiological and biochemical parameters of broiler chickens. Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 35, 115-119.
- Alamoudi, M. O., & Aljarari, R. M. (2020). Portulaca oleracea leaves in broiler diets: Effect on chicken performance and health. Eurasian Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 15(2), 13-20. http://eurasianjournals.com/EJAC/index.php/ej/issue/view/V15I2.
- Akbari, M., Hajinezhad, M. R., Zadeh, E. R., & Jamshidian, A. (2014). Effects of purslane seeds extract on Japanese Quail blood glucose, serum lipoproteins and abdominal fat pad weight. International Journal of Analytical, Pharmaceutiacl and Biomedical Sciences, 3(5), 60-65.
- Association of Official Analytical Chemists: Official Methods of Analysis of Association of Official Chemists, 15th Edn. Methods 932.06, 925.09, 985.29, 923.03, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA, USA, 1990.
- Aydın, Ö. M. (2023). Farklı yerleşim sıklığında yetiştirilen bıldırcınların rasyonlarına bitkisel ekstrakt karışımı katılmasının performans, et kalitesi ve bazı oksidatif stres parametreleri üzerine etkisi. [Doktora Tezi Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi]. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni.jsp.
- Daş, B., Daş, A., Koyuncu, İ., Bilal, O., Çetin, M., Kırar, N., Tufan, T., & Şengül, A. Y. (2020). Bıldırcın rasyonlarına nane yağı ilavesinin besi performansı, et kalitesi, karkas kompozisyonu ve oksidadif stres belirleyicileri üzerine etkisi. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(1), 186-194. https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.680061.
- Dhiab, A. T., & Ali, A. J. (2023). Effect of adding Cynara scolymus L.(artichoke) extract to water or diet on the productive performance of broilers. Revis Bionatura, 8(2), 14.
- Doğan, İ. (2008). Semizotunun (Portulaca oleracea L.) Yumurta Tavuğu Rasyonlarında Kullanılmasının Yumurta Kabuğu İç ve Dış Kalitesi Üzerine Etkileri. [Yüksek Lisans tezi, Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi]. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni.jsp.
- Elhussein, E. H., Abel Atti, K. A., Ibrahim, E. A., & Elamin, K. M. (2015). Nutritional Evaluation of Dried Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) in Broiler Performance. Global Journal of Animal Scientific Research, 3(2), 583-589. file:///C:/Users/onat/Downloads/240-1927-1-PB.pdf.
- Eratalar, S. A., Okur, N., & Yaman, A. (2022). The effects of stocking density on slaughter performance and some meat quality parameters of Pekin ducks. Archives Animal Breeding, 65(2), 199-206.
- Faryadi, S., Sheikhahmadi, A., & Sadeghi, A. (2020). Effect of purslane powder and Zinc supplementation on the performance, egg quality, antioxidant system and liver histopathology of lead-exposed laying Quails. Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society, 71(3):2363-2374. https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.25098.
- Ghorbani, M. R., Bojarpur, M., Mayahi, M., Fayazi, J., Fatemitabatabei, R., Tabatabei, S., & Zulkifli, I. (2013). Effect of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) on performance and carcass characteristic of broiler chickens. Iranian Veterinary Journal, 9(4): 88-98.
- Ghorbani, M. R., Bojarpur, M., Mayahi, M., Fayazi, J., Fatemitabatabei, R., Tabatabei, S., & Zulkifli, I. (2014). Effects of purslane extract on performance, immunity responses and cecal microbial population of broiler chickens. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Resarch, 12(4): 1094-1098. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2014124-5483.
- Grau, R., Hamm, R., and Baumann, A. (1953). Uber das Wasser bindungs vermögen des toten Säugetier muskels, Internatıonal Biochemistry Journal, 325, 1–11.
- Hamodi, S. J., Bandr, L. K., & Alkhilani, F. M. (2021). Effect of adding different levels of dried dill (Anethum gravelens) to the diet on the productive performance of broilers. International Journal of Aquatic Science, 12(2), 5345-5351.
- Jensen, W. K., Devine, C., and Dikeman, M.: Encyclopedia of Meat Science, Elsevier Publication, 1353, New Zealand, ISBN 9780080924441, 2004.
- Jian, G., Cuijun, Y., & Maohong, S. (2013). Effects of Portulaca oleracea polysaccharide on growth performance, blood hormones secretion and serum lipid of chicken. Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association, 28(2), 87–92.
- Kartikasari, L. R., Hertanto, B. S., & Nuhriawangsa, A. M. (2018). Carcass and cut yields of broiler chickens fed diet containing purslane meal rich in omega-3 fats. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 102, No. 1, p. 012088). IOP Publishing, 102. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/102/1/012088.
- Konca, Y., Beyzi, S. B., Karabacak, M., & Yaylak, E. (2015). Bıldırcın Rasyonlarına Farklı Seviyelerde Semizotu Tohumu (Portulaca oleracea L.) İlavesinin Karkas, Kan Lipid Profili ve Antioksidan Özellikler Üzerine Etkisi. Tavukçuluk Araştırma Dergisi, 12(2), 1-6.
- Lee, K. W., Everts, H., Kappert, H. J, Frehner, M., Losa, R., & Beyen, A. C. (2003). Effects of dietary essential oil components on growth performance, digestive enzymes and lipid metabolism in female broiler chickens. British Poultry Science, 44(3), 450-457. https://doi.org/10.1080/0007166031000085508.
- Levic J., Sinisa M., Djuragic O., & Slavica S. (2008). Herbs and organic acids as an alternative for antibiotic growth promoters. Archiva Zootechnica, 11, 5-11.
- M Aly, M. M., S Abdelrasoul, R. A., Boulos, N., Khalifa, M. A., & Abdelwahab, A. A. (2023). Effect of Peppermint Leaves Powder (Mentha Piperita L.) and L-Menthol Crystal on Nutrients Digestibility, Performance, Digestive Enzymes, Thyroid Hormone, Immunity, Antioxidant Indices and Microbial Population of Laying Quail. Egyptian Poultry Science Journal, 43(1), 175-196.
- Mahlake, S. K., Mnisi, C. M., Lebopa, C., & Kumanda, C. (2021). The effect of green tea (Camellia sinensis) leaf powder on growth performance, selected hematological indices, carcass characteristics and meat quality parameters of Jumbo quail. Sustainability, 13(13), 7080; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13137080.
- Mnisi, C. M., Mlambo, V., Kumanda, C., & Crafford, A. (2021). Effect of graded levels of red grape pomace (Vitis vinifera L.) powder on physiological and meat quality responses of Japanese quail. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A—Animal Science, 70(2), 100-106. https://doi.org/10.1080/09064702.2021.1923796.
- Naderiboroojerdi, N., Zeinali, A., & Hoseini, A. (2022). Comparison of Different Levels of Thyme and Rosemary Ether Extracts on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens. Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Research, 5, 682-689.
- NRC, (1994). Nutrient Requirements of Ring-Necked Pheasants, Japanese Quail and Bobwhite quail, Nutrient requirements of poultry (9th rev.ed.). National Academy Press, Washington DC., USA. p:45.
- Ölmez M., Adıgüzel Işık S., Şahin T., & Yörük M. A. (2021). The effects of pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.) on performance, carcass and meat quality in Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 68(3): 343-348. https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.767472.
- Rashnou, M., Masouri, B., Khosravinia, H., & Kavan, B. P. (2023). Effect of Dietary Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) and Garden Cress (Lepidium sativum) Seeds on Productive Performance, Yolk Fatty Acids Profile, Serum Lipoproteins and Egg Quality in Japanese Quails. Poultry Science Journal, 11(2).
- Sadeghi, G., Karimi, A., Shafeie, F., Vaziry, A., & Farhadi, D., (2016). The effects of purslane powder on growth performance, carcass characteristics, antioxidant status and blood metabolites in broiler chickens. Livestock Sciences, 184:35-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2015.12.003.
- Simopoulos A. P., Norman H. A., Gillaspy J. E., & Duke J. A. (1992). Common purslane: a source of omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 11, 374-382. https://doi.org/10.1080/07315724.1992.10718240.
- Sukaryana, Y., & Syahpura, S. K. (2022). Optimization of Addition of Garlic Powder (Allium sativum) in Ration to Broiler Performance. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 1012, No. 1, p. 012026). IOP Publishing.
- Tabatabie, S. N., & Shahbaz Boroujeni, A. K. (2015). The effects of using Purslane seeds supplementation on performance, some blood parameters and immune response in broiler chicks. Research Opinions in Animal & Veterinary Sciences, 5(3), 138-142.
- Tekce, E., Bayraktar, B., Aksakal, V., Dertli, E., Kamiloğlu, A., Çinar Topcu, K., Takma, Ç., Gül, M., & Kaya, H. (2020). Response of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) to dietary inclusion of Moringa oleifera essential oil under heat stress condition. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 19(1), 514-523. https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2020.1760740.
- Van Elswyk, M. E. (1997). Comparasion of n-3 Fatty Acid SSources in Laying Hen Rations for İmprovement of Whole Egg Nutritionel Qulity. A Reviev. The British Journal of Nutrition, 78(1) 61-69. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN19970135.
- Wang, C., Liu, Q., Ye, F., Tang, H., Xiong, Y., Wu, Y., Wang, L., Feng, X., Zhang, S., Wan, Y., & Huang, J. (2021). Dietary purslane promotes the growth performance of broilers by modulation of gut microbiaota. AMB Express. 11:31. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-021-01190-z.
- Zhao, X. H., He, X., Yang, X. F., & Zhong, X. H. (2013). Effect of Portulaca oleracea extracts on growth performance and microbial populations in ceca of broilers. Poultry Science, 92(5), 1343–1347. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2012-02434