Spatial distribution and sources of BTEX and TPH contamination in freshwater sediments from Lake Iznik, NW Turkey

Year 2018, Volume: 5 Issue: 3, 304 - 313, 02.12.2018

V. Selma Ünlü , Bedri Alpar

https://doi.org/10.30897/ijegeo.450811

Cited By: 4

Abstract

Iznik Lake is an
important water supply deteriorating gradually due to anthropogenic pollution.
Concentration and distribution of monoaromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene,
ethylbenzene and three xylene isomers; BTEX) were detected in the lake
sediments using a static headspace GC-MS. ∑BTEX concentrations varied between
10.6 and 272.3 µg kg^-1 dry weight (dw), with an average of 88.3 µg
kg^-1 dw. The light aromatic fraction of m-,p-Xylene was the most abundant compound (50.0% in average),
followed by toluene (31.2%), o-xylene (12.2%), ethylbenzene (5.3%) and benzene
(1.3%). Multivariate statistical analyses indicated that the BTEX levels and
their distributions were controlled mainly by morphological and textural
features of the sediment; anthropogenic inputs transported by the surrounding
rivers, mainly influenced by agricultural facilities; absorbance of BTEX
compounds in sediment; and biodegradation processes. Due to lack of any
national sediment quality guideline regarding BTEX, the results will establish
a significant baseline that will shed light on the administrative authorities
for formulating their rational environmental strategies.

Keywords

Monoaromatic Hydrocarbons;, Contaminated Sediment;, Pollution Sources, Lake;, Multivariate Analysis

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