Spatio-Temporal Assessment of the Shrinking Lake Burdur, Turkey

Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 169 - 176, 02.06.2022

Adalet Dervisoglu , Nur Yağmur , Ertuğ Fıratlı Nebiye Musaoğlu , Aysegul Tanık

https://doi.org/10.30897/ijegeo.1078781

Cited By: 5

Abstract

Water resources in the world are becoming scarce due to both natural climatic conditions under the effect of climate change and human-induced activities. The population is rising day-by-day leading to a steady decrease in water resources, which in turn, highly disturbs the natural ecological functions of the vulnerable systems. Lakes can be addressed as important water bodies that are under the effect of shrinkage in different parts of the world, and if no remedial measures are taken, they will disappear in the near future. Lake Burdur in Turkey is among such lakes that lose its water volume over time. This study was performed via a group of interdisciplinary scientists to analyze the spatial and temporal changes in the water surface area in the long-term (1985-2020) and in the short-term (2016-2020) with the aim of putting forth the areal changes. Remote sensing technology was utilized for this purpose. Landsat imagery and Sentinel 2 images were utilized for the long and short-term assessments, respectively. Meteorological conditions during the inspection terms were obtained from the State Meteorological Service to determine the dominating reason(s) of area changes over time. Natural conditions and anthropogenic activities are linked with the findings. Resultantly, water withdrawals from the dams and reservoirs built in the region and from the streams feeding the lake for irrigation purposes during the dry season represent the human-induced activities dominate over the natural causes of climate change as is the case in most of the water bodies of the world. This outcome was also confirmed by a detailed analysis of the agricultural areas in the basin through satellite images and by field trips made at the site.

Keywords

Anthropogenic Activities, Burdur Lake, Change Analysis, Landsat, Natural Conditions, NDWI, Sentinel 2

Supporting Institution

İTÜ BAP

Project Number

MGA-2019-41917

Thanks

The authors would like to express thanks to Istanbul Technical University (ITU), Scientific Research Project Funding for their financial support to ITU BAP Project number MGA-2019-41917.

References

• Acharya, T. D., Subedi, A., Lee, D. H. (2018). Evaluation of water indices for surface water extraction in a Landsat 8 scene of Nepal. Sensors,18(8), 2580.
• Bhaga, T. D., Dube, T., Shoko, C. (2020). Satellite monitoring of surface water variability in the drought-prone Western Cape, South Africa. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C, 102914.
• Davraz, A., Sener, E., and Sener, S. (2019). Evaluation of climate and human effects on the hydrology and water quality of Burdur Lake, Turkey. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 158, 103569.
• Deng, Y., Jiang, W., Tang, Z., Ling, Z., Wu, Z. (2019). Long-term changes of open-surface water bodies in the Yangtze River Basin based on the Google Earth Engine Cloud Platform. Remote Sensing,11(19), 2213.
• Dervisoglu, A. (2021). Analysis of the temporal changes of inland Ramsar Sites in Turkey using Google Earth Engine. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 10(8), 521.
• Dervisoglu, A. (2022). Investigation of long and short-term water surface area changes in coastal Ramsar Sites in Turkey with Google Earth Engine. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 11(1), 46.
• DSI (2016). General Directorate for State Water Works, Master Plan, Ankara. Feyisa, G. L., Meilby, H., Fensholt, R., Proud, S. R. (2014). Automated water extraction index: a new technique for surface water mapping using Landsat imagery. Remote Sensing of Environment, 140: 23-35.
• Firatlı, E., Dervisoglu, A., Yagmur, N., Musaoglu,N., Tanik, A. (2022). Spatio-temporal assessment of natural lakes in Turkey. Earth Science Informatics, (accepted for publication)
• Gorelick, N., Hancher, M., Dixon, M., Ilyushchenko, S., Thau, D., Moore, R. (2017). Google Earth Engine: planetary-scale geospatial analysis for everyone. Remote sensing of Environment, 202:18-27.
• McFeeters, S. K. (1996). The use of the normalized difference water index (NDWI) in the delineation of open water features. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 17(7): 1425-1432.
• Mishra, M., Chand, P., Pattnaik, N., Kattel, D. B., Panda, G. K., Mohanti, M., Baruah, U. D., Chandniha, D. K., Achari, S., Mohanty, T. (2019). Response of long-to short-term changes of the Puri coastline of Odisha (India) to natural and anthropogenic factors: a remote sensing and statistical assessment. Environmental Earth Sciences, 78(11), 338.
• Rokni, K., Ahmad, A., Selamat, A., Hazini, S. (2014). Water feature extraction and change detection using multitemporal Landsat imagery. Remote Sensing, 6(5), 4173-4189.
• Sener, E., Davraz, A., Ismailov, T. (2005). Investigation of Burdur lake coastal change with satellite images. In: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on the Mediterranean Coastal Environment. Medcoast-2005, Kusadası, Turkey.
• UNWWDR. (2020). The United Nations World Water Development Report 2020: Water and Climate Change. UNESCO World Water Assessment Programme, 219 pages. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000372985.locale=en
• Url-1:https://www.usgs.gov/core-science-systems/nli/ landsat/landsat-satellite-missions?qtscience_ support_page_related_con0#qt-science_support_ page_ related_con
• Url-2:https://sentinel.esa.int/web/sentinel/technical-guides/sentinel-2-msi/msi-instrument
• Url-3:https://land.copernicus.eu/pan-european/corine-land-cover
• Url-4: https://corine.tarimorman.gov.tr/corineportal/
• Wang, C., Jia, M., Chen, N., Wang, W. (2018). Long-term surface water dynamics analysis based on Landsat imagery and the Google Earth Engine platform: A case study in the middle Yangtze River Basin. Remote Sensing, 10(10):1635.
• Yagmur, N., Tanik, A., Tuzcu, A., Musaoglu, N., Erten, E., Bilgilioglu, B. (2020). Opportunities provided by remote sensing data for watershed management: example of Konya Closed Basin. International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences (IJEG), 5(3): 120-129.
• Yang, X., Chen, Y., Wang, J. (2020). Combined use of Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8 to monitor water surface area dynamics using Google Earth Engine. Remote Sensing Letters, 11(7):687-696.
• Zhou, Y., Dong, J., Xiao, X., Xiao, T., Yang, Z., Zhao, G., Qin, Y. (2017). Open surface water mapping algorithms: A comparison of water-related spectral indices. Water, 9(4), 256.