Examination of Electrical Energy Usage in Terms of Thermodynamic Efficiency and Sustainability in the Residential and Commercial Sector

Year 2017, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 1403 - 1410, 25.05.2017

Zafer Utlu

Abstract

Energy usage is vital for social life and sustainability in the residential sector. This study examines the electrical energy utilization and efficiency of the Turkish residential and commercial sector in terms of sustainable energy and efficiency in 2013 by using energy and exergy analyses. The total energy input that was produced as 27.55% while the rest was obtained by imports in 2013. In this year, 35.02% of Turkey’s total end-use energy was consumed by the residential - commercial sector. Annual fuel consumptions in space heating, water heating and cooking activities as well as electrical energy used by appliances are determined for 2013. It is clear from this figure that the energy efficiencies in the year studied range from 56.60 to 86.15%, while the exergy efficiencies vary from 5.05 to 24.76%. Additionally, researches on electrical household appliances efficiency indicated an efficiency of 86.15% for the first law of thermodynamic and 24.76% for the second law of thermodynamics.

Keywords

Analysis, efficiency, electrical usage, thermodynamic, sustainability, residential-commercial sector

References

• International Energy Outlook 2013 [Report DOE/EIA-0484(2013), Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC, 2013]; www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/ieo/ [accessed January 2014].
• Davidson, O. 2002. Sustainable energy and climate change: African perspectives. In Davidson, O& Sparks, D (eds) Developing energy solutions for climate change: South African research at EDRC. Cape Town: Energy and Development Research Centre: 145-152.
• SIS, State Institute of Statistics, Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey, http://www.die.gov.tr, 2013.
• Ozturk,HK, Canyurt OE, Hepbasli A, Utlu, Z,. Three different genetic algorithm approaches to the estimation of residential exergy input/output values Building and Environment 39 (7), 807-816
• Utlu Z, Baser BB, Analysis of electrical energy usage in terms of thermodynamic efficiency and sustainability in the residential and commercial sector.10th SDEWES Conference on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and . 2010.
• Lise, W., Linderhof,V., Kuik, O., Kemfert, C., Robert O., Heinzow T. (2006). A game theoretic model of the Northwestern European electricity market-market power and the environment. Energy Policy, 34, 2123-2136.
• Rosen,M.A., Dincer,I., Sectoral Energy and Exergy Modelling of Turkey, Transactions of the ASME, Vol. 119, pp 200-204, 1997.
• Utlu Z, Hepbasli A,. Thermoeconomic analysis of energy utilization in the residential commercial sector: An application. Building and Environment 43 (5), 896-904, 2008.
• Başer BB., Thermodynamic Approach to the Analysis of the Efficiency of Electrical Appliances, M.Sc. Thesis, İstanbul Aydn University Mech. Eng. Dept., İstanbul, 2015.
• K Kavaklioglu, H Ceylan, HK Ozturk, OE Canyurt,. Modeling and prediction of Turkey’s electricity consumption using artificial neural networks Energy Conversion and Management 50 (11), 2719-2727. 2009.
• State Planning Organization, Electrical Energy Special Commission Report, Eighth Development Plan, Ankara, Turkey, 2013(in Turkish).
• Hepbaşlİ, A., Utlu, Z., Comparison of Turkey's Sectoral Energy Utilization Efficiencies between 1990 and 2000: Part 2. Residential-Commercial and Transportation Sectors, Energy Sources, Vol. 26, pp 1345-1355, 2004.
• Min C.G, Kim MK, Park J.K, Yoon YT. (2013). Game-theory-based generation maintenance scheduling in electricity markets. Energy, 55, 310-318.
• Ilten, N., Utlu, Z., Yalcin, E., Yalcin H., Investigation of Environmental Impacts of Energy Utilization in Space Heating, Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, Vol. 38, No.10, pp 2809-2820, 2013.
• Utlu, Z., Hepbaşli, A., Assessment of the Turkish Utility Sector through Energy and Exergy Analyses, Energy Policy, Vol. 35, No.10, pp 5012-5020, 2007.