Yabancı Turistlerin Antik Gobeklitepe (Şanlıurfa-Türkiye) İçin Ödeme İstekliliğinin Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2017, Volume: 2 Issue: 3, 14 - 26, 29.12.2017

Ali Mancı

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, antik Gobeklitepe-Şanlıurfa-Türkiye için giriş ücretini ve ödeme istekliliğini (WTP) etkileyen faktörleri şartlı değerleme yöntemi (CVM) kullanarak belirlemektir. Bu bağlamda, araştırmanın ana materyali rasgele seçilen 338 yabancı turisttir. Anket formuna göre kapalı uçlu (ya da ikili seçim) ve aynı anda açık uçlu iki tür soru kullanıldı. Çalışmanın amaçlarını belirlemek için probit modeli ve 2SLS (İki Aşamalı En Küçük Kareler) modelleri kullanılmıştır. Aynı zamanda, turistlerin ödeme istekliliğinini etkileyen faktörler, LSE (En Küçük Kare Tahmini) yöntemi yerine maksimum olasılık yöntemi (MLM) kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, probit modelinin ortalama ödeme istekliliğinin Gobeklitepe için 25 $ olduğu ve belirtilen  ödeme istekliliğinin 2SLS tarafından 22.04 $ olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. Buna göre, probit modeli ve 2SLS modelinden toplam kullanım değeri sırasıyla 1.042.500 $ / yıl ve 919.068 $ / yıl olarak tahmin edilmiştir. Bu çalışma, bölgedeki ilk örnek ankettir ve yüz yüze anket analizine dayanmaktadır. Çalışma, bir kültür bölgesinin optimal yönetimi için turistlerin  ödeme istekliliğini  etkileyen birincil faktörleri belirlemektedir. Sonuçlar, politika yapıcılar için son derece önemlidir ve Türkiye ve benzer arkeolojik kültürel miras özelliklerine sahip diğer ülkeler için yararlı bilgiler içermektedir.

Keywords

Ödeme istekliliği, probit model, 2SLS model, Kültür ekonomisi, Şanlıurfa, Göbeklitepe

EVALUATING FOREIGN TOURISTS’ WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR ANCIENT GOBEKLITEPE-SANLIURFA, TURKEY

Abstract

The goal of this study is to
determine entrance fee and factors that affecting willingness to pay (WTP) for ancient
Gobeklitepe-Sanlıurfa-Turkey by using contingent valuation method (CVM). In
this context, randomly selected 338 foreign tourists were the main material of
the study. It was used two sorts of questions that were closed-ended (or
dichotomous choice) and open-ended at the same time according to questionnaire
format. The probit model and 2SLS (Two-Stage Least Squares) models were used to
identify goals of the study. At the same time the factors that affect tourists’
WTP have been done by using maximum likelihood method (MLM) instead of LSE (Least
Square Estimation) method. As a result the average WTP for the probit model is
estimated the amount of 25 Dollar for Gobeklitepe and the stated WTP was estimated to
be 22.04 Dollar by 2SLS. Accordingly, aggregate use value from probit model and 2SLS
model were estimated 1,042,500 Dollar/year and 919,068 Dollar/year respectively. This
study is the first of its type in the region and based on an analysis of face
to face questionnaires. The study determines the primary factors influencing
tourists’ WTP for the optimal management of a cultural site. The results are
extremely important for policymakers and contain useful information for Turkey
and other countries with similar archaeological cultural heritage
characteristics.

Keywords

Willingness to pay, probit model, 2SLS model, culture economy, Sanliurfa

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