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HAS DOMESTIC VIOLENCE REALLY INCREASED DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC? AN EXAMPLE FROM TURKEY

Year 2024, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 90 - 98, 29.02.2024
https://doi.org/10.33457/ijhsrp.1406109

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the frequency of domestic violence based on court orders for treatment issued against perpetrators of domestic violence under Law No. 6284 on the Protection of Family and the Prevention of Violence against Women. We retrospectively analyzed violence cases reported by the court to the provincial health directorate under Law No. 6284 and information recorded by health workers about women who stated they were subjected to violence in 2019, 2020, and the first 6 months of 2021. The data were presented using descriptive statistics. Compared to the pre-pandemic period, the number of court orders for medical evaluation and treatment under Law No. 6284 increased by 333.4% in the first year of the pandemic. In the first 6 months of 2021, this number exceeded the total for 2020. More than half of the perpetrators had at least one addiction. Although health workers continue to provide service under the extreme circumstances brought about by the pandemic, they have a social responsibility to act with an awareness of violence in all areas of service provision (even contact tracing) and remain vigilant for signs of violence, especially in women.

Ethical Statement

The study was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the Regional Training and Research Hospital on April 19, 2021 (Erzurum BEAH KAEK 2021/08-161). Owing to the retrospective nature of the study, the need for informed consent was waived. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.

Supporting Institution

None

References

  • Smith, S. G., Zhang, X., Basile, K. C., Merrick, M. T., Wang, J., Kresnow, M-j., et al., The national intimate partner and sexual violence survey: 2015 data brief–updated release. Atlanta, GA: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (November, 2018) [Online]. Avaliable: https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/pdf/2015data-brief508.pdf
  • World Health Organization. Violence against women. (December, 2023)[Online]. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/violence-against-women
  • Evans, D., “COVID-19 and violence: a research call to action”, BMC Women's Health, 20, 249, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-020-01115-1.
  • Altın, G., “An assessment related violence against women in the context of Covid-19 pandemic”, Toplum ve Sosyal Hizmet, 32(1), 211-225, 2021. https://doi.org/10.33417/tsh.760243.
  • Chandan, J. S., Taylor, J., Bradbury-Jones, C., Nirantharakumar, K., Kane, E., Bandyopadhyay, S., “COVID-19: a public health approach to manage domestic violence is needed”, The Lancet Public Health, 5(6), e309, 2020. https://doi: 10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30112-2.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (25 November 2020). Research brief: What crime and helpline data say about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on reported violence against women and girls. [Online]. Avaliable: https://reliefweb.int/report/world/research-brief-what-crime-and-helpline-data-say-about-impact-covid-19-pandemic-reported
  • Sacco, M. A., Caputo, F., Ricci, P., Sicilia, F., De Aloe, L., Bonetta, C. F., et al., “The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on domestic violence: the dark side of home isolation during quarantine”, Medico-Legal Journal, 88(2), 71-73, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1177/0025817220930553.
  • Cappa, C., Jijon, I., “COVID-19 and violence against children: A review of early studies”, Child Abuse and Neglect, 116(2), 105053, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105053.
  • Calvano, C., Engelke, L., Holl-Etten, A. K., Renneberg, B., Winter, S. M., “Almost 2 years into the COVID-19 pandemic: an update on parental stress, parent mental health, and the occurrence of child maltreatment”, European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 32(12), 2593-2609, 2023. doi: 10.1007/s00787-023-02147-2.
  • Whiteman, P. J., Macias-Konstantopoulos, W. L., Relan, P, Knopov, A., Ranney, M. L., Riviello, R. J., “Violence and abuse: A pandemic within a pandemic”, The Western Journal of Emergency Medicine, 24(4), 743-750, 2023. doi: 10.5811/westjem.58405.
  • Boxall, H., Morgan, A., Voce, I., Coughlan, M. Responding to adolescent family violence: Findings from an impact evaluation. Trends & issues in crime and criminal justice, Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 601, 2020. https://doi.org/10.52922/ti04633.
  • Turkish Statistical Institute. (25 July 2021) Address Based Population Registration System. [Online] Avaliable:https://tuikweb.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1059
  • Turkish Statistical Institute. (25 July 2021) Population and Demography. [Online] Avaliable: https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/ilgosterge/?locale=tr
  • Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. (2015) Türkiye’de Kadına Yönelik Aile İçi Şiddet Araştırması. (Research on domestic violence against women in Turkey). [In Turkish] (November, 2023) [Online] Avaliable: http://ceidizleme.org/ekutuphaneresim/dosya/28_1.pdf
  • UN Women. (9 April 2020). Policy brief: The impact of COVID-19 on women. [Online] Avaliable https://www.unwomen.org/en/digital-library/publications/2020/04/policy-brief-the-impact-of-covid-19-on-women
  • Usher, K., Bhullar, N., Durkin, J., Gyamfi, N., Jackson, D., “Family violence and COVID-19: Increased vulnerability and reduced options for support”, International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 29(4), 549-552, 2020. https://doi: 10.1111/inm.12735.
  • Perez-Vincent, S. M., Carreras, E., Gibbons, M. A., Murphy, T. E., Rossi, M. A. COVID -19 lockdowns and domestic violence: evidence from two studies in Argentina. (IDB Technical Note; 1956). Inter-American Development Bank: Washington, DC, USA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002490. https://publications.iadb.org/en/covid-19-lockdowns-and-domestic-violence-evidence-from-two-studies-in-argentina
  • Office for National Statistics (ONS). (25 November 2020) Domestic abuse during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, England and Wales: [Online] Avaliable: https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/crimeandjustice/articles/domesticabuseduringthecoronaviruscovid19pandemicenglandandwales/november2020
  • Gulati. G., Kelly, B. D., “Domestic violence against women and the COVID-19 pandemic: What is the role of psychiatry?”, International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 71,101594, 2020. https://doi: 10.1016/j.ijlp.2020.101594.
  • Bright, C. F., Burton, C., Kosky, M., “Considerations of the impacts of COVID-19 on domestic violence in the United States”, Social Sciences and Humanities Open, 2(1), 10069, 2020. https://doi: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2020.100069.
Year 2024, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 90 - 98, 29.02.2024
https://doi.org/10.33457/ijhsrp.1406109

Abstract

References

  • Smith, S. G., Zhang, X., Basile, K. C., Merrick, M. T., Wang, J., Kresnow, M-j., et al., The national intimate partner and sexual violence survey: 2015 data brief–updated release. Atlanta, GA: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (November, 2018) [Online]. Avaliable: https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/pdf/2015data-brief508.pdf
  • World Health Organization. Violence against women. (December, 2023)[Online]. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/violence-against-women
  • Evans, D., “COVID-19 and violence: a research call to action”, BMC Women's Health, 20, 249, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-020-01115-1.
  • Altın, G., “An assessment related violence against women in the context of Covid-19 pandemic”, Toplum ve Sosyal Hizmet, 32(1), 211-225, 2021. https://doi.org/10.33417/tsh.760243.
  • Chandan, J. S., Taylor, J., Bradbury-Jones, C., Nirantharakumar, K., Kane, E., Bandyopadhyay, S., “COVID-19: a public health approach to manage domestic violence is needed”, The Lancet Public Health, 5(6), e309, 2020. https://doi: 10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30112-2.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (25 November 2020). Research brief: What crime and helpline data say about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on reported violence against women and girls. [Online]. Avaliable: https://reliefweb.int/report/world/research-brief-what-crime-and-helpline-data-say-about-impact-covid-19-pandemic-reported
  • Sacco, M. A., Caputo, F., Ricci, P., Sicilia, F., De Aloe, L., Bonetta, C. F., et al., “The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on domestic violence: the dark side of home isolation during quarantine”, Medico-Legal Journal, 88(2), 71-73, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1177/0025817220930553.
  • Cappa, C., Jijon, I., “COVID-19 and violence against children: A review of early studies”, Child Abuse and Neglect, 116(2), 105053, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105053.
  • Calvano, C., Engelke, L., Holl-Etten, A. K., Renneberg, B., Winter, S. M., “Almost 2 years into the COVID-19 pandemic: an update on parental stress, parent mental health, and the occurrence of child maltreatment”, European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 32(12), 2593-2609, 2023. doi: 10.1007/s00787-023-02147-2.
  • Whiteman, P. J., Macias-Konstantopoulos, W. L., Relan, P, Knopov, A., Ranney, M. L., Riviello, R. J., “Violence and abuse: A pandemic within a pandemic”, The Western Journal of Emergency Medicine, 24(4), 743-750, 2023. doi: 10.5811/westjem.58405.
  • Boxall, H., Morgan, A., Voce, I., Coughlan, M. Responding to adolescent family violence: Findings from an impact evaluation. Trends & issues in crime and criminal justice, Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 601, 2020. https://doi.org/10.52922/ti04633.
  • Turkish Statistical Institute. (25 July 2021) Address Based Population Registration System. [Online] Avaliable:https://tuikweb.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1059
  • Turkish Statistical Institute. (25 July 2021) Population and Demography. [Online] Avaliable: https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/ilgosterge/?locale=tr
  • Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. (2015) Türkiye’de Kadına Yönelik Aile İçi Şiddet Araştırması. (Research on domestic violence against women in Turkey). [In Turkish] (November, 2023) [Online] Avaliable: http://ceidizleme.org/ekutuphaneresim/dosya/28_1.pdf
  • UN Women. (9 April 2020). Policy brief: The impact of COVID-19 on women. [Online] Avaliable https://www.unwomen.org/en/digital-library/publications/2020/04/policy-brief-the-impact-of-covid-19-on-women
  • Usher, K., Bhullar, N., Durkin, J., Gyamfi, N., Jackson, D., “Family violence and COVID-19: Increased vulnerability and reduced options for support”, International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 29(4), 549-552, 2020. https://doi: 10.1111/inm.12735.
  • Perez-Vincent, S. M., Carreras, E., Gibbons, M. A., Murphy, T. E., Rossi, M. A. COVID -19 lockdowns and domestic violence: evidence from two studies in Argentina. (IDB Technical Note; 1956). Inter-American Development Bank: Washington, DC, USA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002490. https://publications.iadb.org/en/covid-19-lockdowns-and-domestic-violence-evidence-from-two-studies-in-argentina
  • Office for National Statistics (ONS). (25 November 2020) Domestic abuse during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, England and Wales: [Online] Avaliable: https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/crimeandjustice/articles/domesticabuseduringthecoronaviruscovid19pandemicenglandandwales/november2020
  • Gulati. G., Kelly, B. D., “Domestic violence against women and the COVID-19 pandemic: What is the role of psychiatry?”, International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 71,101594, 2020. https://doi: 10.1016/j.ijlp.2020.101594.
  • Bright, C. F., Burton, C., Kosky, M., “Considerations of the impacts of COVID-19 on domestic violence in the United States”, Social Sciences and Humanities Open, 2(1), 10069, 2020. https://doi: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2020.100069.
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences (Other)
Journal Section Article
Authors

Emine Füsun Karaşahin 0000-0003-4145-8117

Omer Karasahin 0000-0002-4245-1534

Uğur Avun 0000-0002-1399-1240

Cevat Caner Kılıç 0000-0002-8438-5088

Müzeyyen Köksal 0000-0002-1816-5191

Birgül İbişoğlu 0000-0002-5016-2863

Gürsel Bedir 0000-0001-8859-7814

Publication Date February 29, 2024
Submission Date December 17, 2023
Acceptance Date February 23, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 9 Issue: 1

Cite

IEEE E. F. Karaşahin, O. Karasahin, U. Avun, C. C. Kılıç, M. Köksal, B. İbişoğlu, and G. Bedir, “HAS DOMESTIC VIOLENCE REALLY INCREASED DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC? AN EXAMPLE FROM TURKEY”, IJHSRP, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 90–98, 2024, doi: 10.33457/ijhsrp.1406109.

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