MİNİMALİZM’İN ÇAĞDAŞ SERAMİĞE YANSIMALARI

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 9, 153 - 165, 31.12.2019

Kemal Tizgöl

Öz

1960’lı yılların sonlarında ortaya çıkan ve Modernist hareketin son etkili hamlesi olarak ele alabileceğimiz Minimalizm, sanat tarihinde önemli bir yere sahiptir. II. Dünya Savaşı sonrasında Amerika’da toplumsal yapıda yaşanan köklü değişimler sanatı etkilemiş, bunun sonucunda Minimalizm, Soyut Dışavurumcu harekete karşı, alternatif bir söylem olarak sanat alanında kendini göstermiştir. Başta ciddi eleştiri ve direnişe maruz kalan Minimal Sanat, zaman içinde eleştirmenler ve izleyici gözünde kabul görmüş ve güçlü bir yapıya kavuşmuştur. Modernizmle birlikte geleneksel köklerinden kurtulup, bir çağdaşlaşma süreci yaşayan seramik, malzemenin kendine özgü kimliğiyle hem formal hem de kavramsal açıdan yeni anlatım biçimlerine kavuşmuştur. Seramik ve Minimalizm, ilk bakışta eğreti duran, birbirleriyle ilişkileri bir çırpıda algılanmayan iki ayrı ve yabancı olgu gibi görünmektedir. Bu izlenim bir anlamda gerçeklik payı da taşımaktadır. Bu çalışma tarihsel süreç içinde Minimalizmi ve onun Çağadaş Seramik üzerindeki yansımalarını incelemeyi hedefler. Çalışma ayrıca minimalist düşünce yapısı ve estetik ile ilişki kuran önemli seramik yapıtlara değinir. Bir yanda geçmişe ait uyandırdığı tüm kökensel his ve duygularla seramik , diğer yanda soğuk, mesafeli ve ölçülü Minimal Sanat. Bu çalışma, sanat tarihinde adı konulmamış bu birlikteliğin pratikteki etkileşimini incelemeyi hedeflemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Seramik, Minimalizm, Seramik Sanatı, Çağdaş Seramik, Modern Seramik

REFLECTIONS of MINIMALISM ON CONTEMPORARY CERAMICS

Öz

Minimalism appeared in the late '60s in United States and deeply affected art environment in this period. Besides, it has an important place in the art history as the latest effective attack of Modernist movements. After Second World War, art was influenced by fundamental revolutions in social structure, thus Minimalism takes place in the art area as an alternative attitude against to Abstract Expressionist movement. At first, Minimalism was strongly criticized and resisted but later accepted by the critics and audience. During Modernism, ceramics is freed from its traditional roots and has a contemporary appearance with its own special qualities both formally and conceptually. Ceramics and Minimalism appear to be two separate and alien phenomena, which at first glance are temporary; their relations with each other are not perceived at once. This impression also carries a margin of reality. This study aims to investigate Minimalism in the historical context and its reflections on the Contemporary Ceramics. Paper also shows valuable ceramic art forms related with minimalist idea and esthetics. On one hand, ceramics with all the original sensations and emotions of the past, on the other hand Minimal Art as cold, distant and restrained. This study aims to examine the practical interaction of this union unnamed in the history of art.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ceramic, Minimalism, Ceramic Art, Contemporary Ceramics, Modern Ceramics

Kaynakça

• Archer, M. (1997). Art Since 1960, Thames and Hudson, London.
• Batur, E. (Ed.). (1995). “avant-garde 1945-1995 “, Sanat Dünyamız Dergisi, YKY, Issue: 59.
• Camps, J.P. (2001). “Enrique Mestre Uniting Geometry & Ceramics”, Ceramics Art and Perception, Issue: 46.
• Clark, G. (1999). Alev Ebüzziya Siesbye, tranlation: Zeynep Rona, Kaleseramik Sanat Yayınları, Istanbul.
• Dewald, G. (2004). Don’t say much. On silence, 13.11.2019. https://www.michael-cleff.de/texte/ gabi-dewald-2004/
• Meyer, J. (2001). Minimalism, Art and Polemics in the Sixties, Yale University Pres, New Haven and London, China.
• Meyer, J. (2002). Minimalism Themes and Movements, Phaidon, Hong Kong.
• Mönig, R. (2001). On Michael Cleff, 13.11.2019. https://www.michael-cleff.de/texte/rolandmoenig-2001/
• Şahbaz, H. (2006). Modern Seramik Sanatında Minimalizm, Unpublished Postgraduate Thesis, Anadolu University Institute of Social Sciences, Eskişehir/Turkey.
• Tizgöl, K. (2008). Sanatta Minimalizm ve Günümüz Seramik Sanatına Yansımaları (Minimalism in Art and Reflection on Contemporary Ceramics), Unpublished Thesis of PhD, Dokuz Eylül University Institute of Fine Arts, Izmir/Turkey.
• Vecchio, M.D. (2001). Postmodern Ceramics, Thames&Hudson, London.
• Welch, A. (2006). “Minimalism and Ceramics the Sculptural Perplex of Brian Harper”, Ceramics Art and Perception, Issue: 63.
• Figure 2: https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/jonathanjonesblog/2016/sep/20/carl-andreequivalent-viii-bricks , (19.09.2019)
• Figure 4: https://www.slideshare.net/nateabels/week11-art-after1945bsp10 (20.09.2019)
• Figure 5: http://enricmestre.com, (17.09. 2019)
• Figure 7-8: https://bodilmanz.com , (14.09.2019)
• Figure 9: http://artscenecal.com/ArtistsFiles/DamW/DamWFile/DamWPics/WDam3.html , (19.09.2019)
• Figure 10: http://artscenecal.com/ArtistsFiles/DamW/DamWFile/DamWPics/WDam4. html,(19.09.2019)
• Figure 11: http://artscenecal.com/ArtistsFiles/DamW/DamWFile/DamWPics/WDam2.html (19.09.2019)
• Figure 12-13: (https://www.michael-cleff.de/portfolio-category/plastiken/ , (14.09.2019)
• Figure 14: (https://www.studiointernational.com/index.php/nicholas-rena-the-harmony-of-theyear)
• Figure 15-16-17-18: http://www.keneastman.com/20002009 , (08.09.2019)
• Figure 20: https://www.invaluable.com/auction-lot/fukami-sueharu-b-1947-681-c-42f6054443 , (14.09.2019)
• Figure 21-22-23: https://www.doris-kaiser.de/index.php# (14.09.2019)
• Figure 24: http://www.studiopottery.co.uk/profile/David/Binns , (17.09.2019)