Determination of Rates of Breast Milk Pumping of Postpartum Mothers and Affecting Factors

Year 2023, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 123 - 129, 31.01.2023

Gülsün Ayran , Ayda Çelebioğlu , Sibel Küçükoğlu , Hava Özkan

Abstract

Objective: This descriptive study was carried out to determine the breast milk expression rates of mothers and the affecting factors.
Materials and Methods: The descriptive and cross-sectional study was completed between January and December 2019 with a total of 304 mothers in Family Health Centers in a province in Eastern Turkey, where the population density is high. Research data were collected through a questionnaire prepared by the researcher. The data was evaluated using a percentile, mean, chi-square test, and t-test.
Results: It has been observed that 62.8% of the mothers had previous experience with milking, 66.2% of them expressed milk 0-3 times a day, 36.8% of them had previously received training on milking, and 54.1% of them preferred an electric breast pump in milking method. When asked about the reason for expressing milk, it was determined that the most common answer (35.1%) was to keep ready milk in the cupboard when going to work or far away. It was found that 78.4% of the mothers expressed breastmilk in a bottle, and 54.2% stated that they had the opportunity to take a break to express breast milk at work. In addition, the duration of exclusive breastfeeding for their babies was 3.09±2.16, the average duration of breast milk pumping was 0.46±1.08 months, and the average duration of breast milk pumping once a day was 3.77±7.59 minutes. It was determined that there was a significant difference between the age, education, and employment status of the mother and the milking behavior (p<0.05) and between the age of the mother and the duration of breast milk pumping once a day (p<0.05).
Conclusion: It has been determined that the majority of the mothers have experience in milking, and the mother’s age, education, and employment status have an effect on breast milking behavior.

Keywords

Breast milk pumping, breastfeeding, breastfeeding pump, nursing.

Doğum Sonu Dönemdeki Annelerin Anne Sütü Sağma Oranları ve Etkileyen Faktörler

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma annelerin anne sütü sağma oranları ve etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel nitelikte yapılan araştırma, Ocak-Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında, Türkiye’nin Doğusundaki bir ildeki nüfus yoğunluğunun fazla olduğu Aile Sağlığı Merkez’lerinde toplam 304 anne ile çalışma tamamlanmıştır. Araştırma verileri, araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan soru formu aracığı ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesi yüzdelik, ortalama, ki-kare testi ve t testi kullanılarak yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Annelerin %62,8’inin daha önce süt sağma deneyiminin olduğu, %66,2’sinin günde 0-3 kez süt sağdığı, %36,8’inin daha önce süt sağmaya yönelik eğitim aldığı, %54,1’inin süt sağma yönteminde elektrikli pompaları tercih ettiği belirlendi. Süt sağma nedeni sorulduğunda en fazla (%35,1) işe gidildiğinde ya da uzakta bulunduğunda dolapta hazır süt olması olarak saptandı. Annelerin %78,4’ünün anne sütünü biberona sağdığı ve %54,2’sinin işyerinde anne sütü sağmak için mola imkânının olduğunu ifade ettiği bulundu. Ayrıca annelerin bebeklerine Sadece Anne Sütü verme süresinin 3,09±2,16 olduğu, anne sütü sağma süresinin ortalama 0,46±1,08 ay olduğu ve gün içerisinde bir defada anne sütü sağma süresinin ise ortalama 3,77±7,59 dakika olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Annenin yaşı, eğitim durumu ve çalışma durumu ile süt sağma davranışı arasında (p<0,05), annenin yaşı ile de gün içerisinde bir defada anne sütü sağma süresi arasında anlamlı bir fark olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,05).
Sonuç: Annelerin büyük çoğunluğunun süt sağma deneyiminin olduğu, annenin yaşının, eğitim durumunun ve çalışma durumunun anne sütü sağma davranışı üzerinde etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Anne sütü sağma, emzirme, emzirme pompası, hemşirelik.

References

• Jager E, Skouteris H, Broadbent J, Amir L, Mellor K. Psychosocial correlates of exclusive breastfeeding: A systematic review. Midwifery. 2013;29:506-518.
• Liben M, Yesuf E. Determinants of early initiation of breastfeeding in Amibara district, Northeastern Ethiopia: a community based cross- sectional study. Int Breastfeed J. 2016;11(7):1-7.
• Schafer E, Campo S, Colaizy T, Mulder P, Ashida S. Influence of experiences and perceptions related to breastfeeding one’s first child on breastfeeding ınitiation of second child. Matern Child Health J. 2017;21:1288-1296.
• Leonard S, Wolfe J, Geraghty S, Rasmussen K. Associations between high prepregnancy body mass index, breast-milk expression, and breast-milk production and feding. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;93:556-63.
• World Health Organization. Infant and Young Child Feeding; 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ infant-and-young-child-feeding.
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Healthy People 2030 Breastfeeding Objectives; 2021. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/ breastfeeding/data/facts.html
• Jiang B, Hua J, Wang Y, Fu Y, Zhuang Z, Zhu L. Evaluation of the impact of breast milk expression in early postpartum period on breastfeeding duration: a prospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2015;15(268):1-13.
• Becker GE, Smith HA, Cooney F. Methods ofmilk expression for lactating women (Review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;9:1-163.
• Wolfe JF, Fein S, Shealy K, Wang C. Prevalence of breast milk expression and associated factors. Pediatr. 2008;122(2):63-68.
• Qutah KM, Alsaleem S, Najmi AA, Zabbani MB. Assessment of knowledge and practice about self expressed breast milk among saudi mothers in Jazan Region, KSA, 2016. J Adv Med Med Res. 2019;29(10):1
• Yılmaz M, Aykut M, Balcı E, Şahin H, Sağıroğlu M, Gün İ. Annelerin anne sütü sağma konusundaki bilgi ve davranışları: tanımlayıcı bir çalışma. Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2015;24(1):7-13.
• Prabhu PM, Radhe BK, Naik JD, Brahmankar TR, Behere VS. Knowledge, attitude and practice of expression of breast milk among mothers in Western Maharashtra. JMSCR. 22016;4(1):8828-8834.
• Flaherman V, Lee H. “Breastfeeding” by feeding expressed mother’s milk. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2013;60(1):227-246.
• Ikonen R, Paavilainen E, Helminen M, Kaunonen M. Preterm infants’ mothers’ initiation and frequency of breast milk expression and exclusive use of mother’s breast milk in neonatal intensive care units. J Clin Nurs. 2018;27:551-558.
• Jiang B, Hua J, Wang Y, Fu Y, Zhuang Z, Zhu L. Evaluation of the impact of breast milk expression in early postpartum period on breastfeeding duration: a prospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2015;15(268):1-13.
• Akkurt B, Gül A. Evaluation of Knowledge and Attitudes of Breastfeeding Mothers About Storage Conditions of Breast Milk. Contemp Med. 2020; 10(2):275-280.
• Rai S. Expressed breast milk: a less used option by working mothers of India. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2017;6(7):2867-2873
• Şahin B, Özyurt B. Breastfeeding and nutrition habits of 0-24 month infant in a semi-urban Region of Manisa. Turk J Public Health. 2017;15(3):164-176.
• Fouad G, Korraa A, Zaglol G, Zaher M, Sadek R. The effect of different techniques of breast milk expression in its fat content in mothers of preterm ınfants. Med. J. Cairo Univ. 2014;82(1):893-899.
• Parker L, Sullivan S, Krueger C, Mueller M. Association of timing of ınitiation of breastmilk expression on milk volume and timing of lactogenesis stage ıı among mothers of very low-birth-weight ınfants. Breasfeed Med. 2015;10(2):84-91.
• Slusser W, Lange L, Dickson V, Hawkes C, Cohen R. Breast milk expression in the workplace: a look at frequency and time. J Hum Lact. 2004;20(2):164-169.
• Qi Y, Zhang Y, Fein S, Wang C, Loyo-Berríos N. Maternal and breast pump factors associated with breast pump problems and ınjuries. J Hum Lact. 2014;30(1):62-72.
• Weisband YL, 1 Keim S, Keder L, Geraghty S, Gallo1 M. Early breast milk pumping ıntentions among postpartum women. Breastfeed Med. 2017;12(1):28-32.
• Çınar N, Kaya Ö. The effects of storage, freezing and thawing on breast milk. STED. 2019;28(5):372-376.
• T. C. Official Gazette. Turkish Labor Law No 4857; 2003. Available from: https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/MevzuatMetin/1.5.4857.pdf
• Çeçe Ö. Çalışan annelerin emzirme özelliklerinin incelenmesi [Master Thesis]. [İzmir]: Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi; 2011. 69 p.
• Attahiru A, Awosan KJ, Oche MO, Kaoje AU, Yusuf T, Ango UM. Breastfeeding support and determinants of expressed breast milk feeding practice among working mothers in Sokoto, Nigeria. International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research. 2018;5(8):1-7.
• Amin RM, Said ZM, Sutan R, Shah SA, Darus A, Shamsuddin K. Work related determinants of breastfeeding discontinuation among employed mothers in Malaysia. Int Breastfeed J. 2011;6(4):1-6.
• Sağlam N, Bülbül L, Kazancı S, Hatipoğlu S. 24-48 Ay arası çocukların anne sütü alımı ve tamamlayıcı beslenme tercihlerine etki eden faktörler. Med Bull Şişli Etfal Hosp. 2019;53(2):165-171.
• Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. Turkey Demographic and Health Survey; 2018. Available from: http://www. hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/tnsa2018/rapor/TNSA2018
• Clemons S, Amir L. Breastfeeding women’s experience of expressing: A Descriptive Study. J Hum Lact. 2010;26(3):258-265.
• Ismail TA, Sulaiman Z, Jalil R, Muda W, Man N. Breast milk expression among formally employed women in urban and rural Malaysia: A qualitative study. Int Breastfeed J. 2012;7(11):1-8.
• Hornbeak D. Dirani M, Sham WK, Li J, Young T, Wong TY, et al. Emerging trends in breastfeeding practices in Singaporean Chinese Women: Findings from a Population-based Study. Ann Acad Med. 2010;39(2):88-94.
• Pang WW, Bernard J, Thavamani G, Chan YH, Fok D, Soh S et al. Direct vs. Expressed breast milk feeding: relation to duration of breastfeeding. Nutrients. 2017;9(547):1-13.