İlköğretim 7. ve 8. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Formal Operasyonel Düşünme Becerilerinin Bazı Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
Year 2010,
Volume: 9 Issue: 2, - 10, 26.06.2010
Remzi Y. Kıncal
,
Akan Deniz Yazgan
Abstract
Bu araştırma, ilköğretim 7. ve 8. sınıf öğrencilerinin formal operasyonel düşünme becerilerinin ölçülmesi ve karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemi Çanakkale’de 3 özel okul ve 6 devlet okulundan oranlı küme örneklemesi yoluyla seçilen 7. ve 8. sınıfta öğrenim gören 491 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Öğrenci Profil Anketi ile Mantıksal Düşünme Grup Testi kullanılmış ve 2006-2007 öğretim yılı bahar döneminde örnekleme alınan okullara uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizi sonunda öğrencilerin formal operasyonel düşünme becerilerinin cinsiyet değişkenine göre anlamlı bir fark göstermediği; okul türü, akademik başarı, sosyo-ekonomik arkaplan ve sosyo-kültürel arkaplan değişkenleri açısından ise aralarında anlamlı farklar olduğu bulunmuştur
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- Adigwe, J.C. (1993). Some correlates of nigerian students’ performances ın chemical problemsolving. Research In Science & Technological Education, 11 (1), 39-48.
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- Ball, D. B., & S. Sayre (2006). Piagetian cognitive development and achievement in science. Journal Of Research In Science Teaching, 12 (2), 165-174.
- Bart, W.M. (1971). The factor structure of formal operations. British Journal of Educational Psychology. 41, 70-79.
- Bigge, M. L. & Shermis, S.S. (1999). Learning theories for teachers. UK: Longman Inc.
- Boufaoude, S., Salloum, S. & El-Khalıck, F. (2004). Relationships between selective cognitive variables and students’ ability to solve chemistry problems. International Journal Of Science Education, 26 (1), 63-84.
- Bozdoğan, A. (2007). Fen bilgisi öğretiminde çalışma yaprakları ile öğretimin öğrencilerin fen bilgisi tutumuna ve mantıksal düşünme becerilerine etkisi ,Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana.
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- Dıllashaw, F. G., & Okey, J.R. (1983). The relationship between science process skill and formal thinking ability. Journal Of Research In Science Teaching, 20 (3), 239-246.
- Hardy-Brown, K. (1979). Formal operations and the issue of generalizability: the analysis of poetry by collage students. Human Development, 22, 127-136.
- Iqbal, H., & Shayer, M. (1997). Accelerating the developmental level of formal thinking in Pakistan secondary school students’ achievement effects and professional developmental effects. Journal Of Research In Science Teaching, 37 (3), 259-274.
- Karplus, R., Karplus, E., Formisano, M, & Paulsen, A.C. (1977). A survey of proportional reasoning and control of variables in seven countries. Journal Of Research In Scıence Teachıng, 14 (5), 411-417.
- Korkmaz, O. (2005). The relationship among reasoning ability, gender and students’ understanding of diffusion and osmosis, Unpublished Master Thesis, METU, Ankara.
- Lawson, A. E., Nordland, F.H. & De Vito, A. (1974). Piagetian formal operational tasks: a crossover study of learning effect and reliability. Science Education, 58 (2), 267-276
- Lawson, A. E., Nordland, F.H. & De Vito, A. (1975). Relationship of formal reasoning to achievement, aptitudes and attitudes in pre-service teachers. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 12 (4), 423-431.
- Lawson, Anton E. & Shepherd, G.D. (1979). Written language maturity and formal reasoning in male and female adolescents. Language and Speech, 22, 117-127.
- Lawson, A. E. (1982). Formal reasoning, achievement and ıntelligence: an issue of importance. Science Education, 66, 77-83.
- Lawson, A. E. (1983). Predicting science achievement, the role of developmental level, disembedding ability, mental capacity, prior knowledge and beliefs. Journal Of Research In Scıence Teaching, 20 (2), 117-129.
- Lıberman, D. & Hudson, H.T. (1979). Correlation between logical abilities and success in physics. American Journal Of Physics, 37 (9), 784-786.
- Martinez, M. A., Saudela, N. & Huber, G.L. (2001). Metaphors as bluprints of thinking about teaching and learning. Teaching And Teacher Education, 17, 965-977
- Meehan, A. M. (1984). A meta-analyses of sex differences in formal operational thought. Child Development, 55 (3), 1110-1124.
- Mwamwenda, T. S. (1993a). Formal operations and academic achievement. Journal Of Psychology, 127 (1), 99-103.
- Mwamwenda, T. S. (1993b). Sex differences ın formal operations. Journal Of Psychology, 124 (4), 419-424.
- Olson, M. H., & Hergenhahn, B.R. (1997). An introduction to theories of learning. 5th Edition. London: Prentice Hall Inc.
- Ören, F. (2005). Đlköğretim 7. sınıf fen bilgisi dersinde öğrenme halkası yaklaşımının öğrencilerin başarı, tutum ve mantıksal düşünme yetenekleri üzerine etkisi, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara.
- Özden, Y. (1998). Eğitimde dönüşüm, yeni değer ve oluşumlar. Pegem Yayıncılık, Ankara.
- Özsevgeç, T. (2002). Đlköğretim öğrencilerinin fen bilgisi konularındaki zihinsel gelişim düzeyleri ile sahip oldukları profiller arasındaki ilişkilerin tespiti, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Trabzon.
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- Phıllıps, D. C. (1995). The good, the bad and the ugly: many faces of constructivism. Educational Researcher, 24 (7), 5-12.
- Phıllıps, J., & Coletta, V. (2005). Interpreting fcı scores: normalized gain, preinstruction scores, and scientific reasoning ability. American Journal of Physics, 73 (12), 1172-1182.
- Piburn, M. (1980). Spatial reasoning as corralete of formal thought and science achievement of New Zealand students. Journal Of Research In Science Teaching, 17 (5), 443-448.
- Poduska, E. D., & Phıllıps, D.G. (1986). The performance of college students on Piaget-type tasks dealing with distance, time and speed. Journal Of Research In Science Teaching, 23 (9), 841838.
- Roadrangka V., Yeany, R.H. & Padilla M.J. (1982). Group test of logical thinking. University of Georgia, Athens, GA.
- Roberge, J. R., & Flexer, B.K. (1979). Further examination of formal operational reasoning abilities. Child Development, 50, 478-484.
- Saunders, W. L., & Shepardson, D. (1987). A comparison of concrete and formal science instruction upon science achievement and reasoning ability of sixth grade students. Journal Of Research In Science Teaching, 24 (1), 39-51.
- Saygılı, H. (2000). Problem çözme becerisi ile sosyal ve kişisel uyum arasındaki ilişkisi. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Atatürk Üniversitesi, Erzurum.
- Selçuk, Z. (2001). Gelişim ve öğrenme. 8. Baskı, Nobel Yayınevi, Ankara.
- Senemoğlu, N. (2001). Gelişim öğrenme ve öğretim: kuramdan uygulamaya. Gazi Kitabevi, Ankara.
- Sökmen, N., & Bayram, H. (1999). Lise 1. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Temel Kimya Kavramlarını Anlama Düzeyleriyle Mantıksal Düşünme Yetenekleri Arasındaki Đlişki. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 16/17, 89-94.
- Steer, D. N., Mccornell, D.A. & Owens, K.D. (2006). Student success in earth science: which logical thinking skills are important and why? The Geological Society of America, 40 th Annual Meeting. America: The University Of Akron, 38 (4), 11. Retrieved February 22, 2008 from http://www.eric.ed.gov.tr.
- Tobin, K. G., & Capie, W. (1982). Relationships between formal reasoning ability, locus of control, academic engagement and integrated process skill achievement. Journal Of Research In Science Teaching, 19 (2), 113-121.
- Topses, G. (2006). Gelişim ve Öğrenme Psikolojisi. 2. Basım, Nobel Yayınevi, Ankara.
- Wıllıams, R. L. (1989). Comparative study of logical thinking skills: West German data. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the National Association for Research in Science Teaching (62nd, San Francisco, CA, March 30-April 1, 1989).
- Woolfolk, A.E. (1993). Educational psychology. 5th Edition. Allyn & Bacon, US.
- Yenilmez, Ayşe, Sungur, S., & Tekkaya, C. (2006). Students' achievement in relation to reasoning ability, prior knowledge and gender. Research in Science & Technological Education, 24 (1), 129-138.
Investigating the Formal Operational Thinking Skills of 7th and 8th Grade Primary School Students According to Some Variables
Year 2010,
Volume: 9 Issue: 2, - 10, 26.06.2010
Remzi Y. Kıncal
,
Akan Deniz Yazgan
Abstract
This study aims to examine, seventh and eighth grade primary school students formal operational
thinking abilities. As a data collection tool in the study, Student Profile Questionnare and Group Test of Logical
Thinking are used and practised to the sampling schools in 2006-2007 spring term. At the end of the data
analyses, there is no significant difference found between the students formal operational thinking abilities in
terms of the gender variable, there are significant differences found between the students formal operational
thinking abilities in terms of the type of the school, academic success, socio-economic and socio-cultural
background variables.
References
- Açıkgöz, K.Ü. (2003). Aktif öğrenme. Đzmir: Eğitim Dünyası.
- Adigwe, J.C. (1993). Some correlates of nigerian students’ performances ın chemical problemsolving. Research In Science & Technological Education, 11 (1), 39-48.
- Aksu, M. ve Berberoğlu, G. (1991). Mantıksal düşünmenin belli değişkinlere göre incelenmesi. Eğitimde Arayışlar I. Sempozyumu, Bildiri Metinleri, 291-297, Kültür Yayınları, Đstanbul.
- Ateş, S. (2002). Sınıf öğretmenliği ve fen bilgisi öğretmenliği 3. sınıf öğrencilerinin bilimsel düşünme yeteneklerinin karşılaştırılması. V. Ulusal Fen Bilimleri ve Matematik Eğitimi Kongresi (16-18 Eylül 2002), ODTÜ, Ankara, http://www.fedu.metu.edu.tr/UFBMEK5/b_kitabi/PDF/OgretmenYetistirme/Bildiri/t275DA.pdf
- Ball, D. B., & S. Sayre (2006). Piagetian cognitive development and achievement in science. Journal Of Research In Science Teaching, 12 (2), 165-174.
- Bart, W.M. (1971). The factor structure of formal operations. British Journal of Educational Psychology. 41, 70-79.
- Bigge, M. L. & Shermis, S.S. (1999). Learning theories for teachers. UK: Longman Inc.
- Boufaoude, S., Salloum, S. & El-Khalıck, F. (2004). Relationships between selective cognitive variables and students’ ability to solve chemistry problems. International Journal Of Science Education, 26 (1), 63-84.
- Bozdoğan, A. (2007). Fen bilgisi öğretiminde çalışma yaprakları ile öğretimin öğrencilerin fen bilgisi tutumuna ve mantıksal düşünme becerilerine etkisi ,Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana.
- Delialioğlu, Ö. (1996). Contribution of students’ logical thinking ability, mathematical skills and spatial ability on achievement ın secondary school physics, Unpublished Master Thesis, METU. Ankara.
- Dıllashaw, F. G., & Okey, J.R. (1983). The relationship between science process skill and formal thinking ability. Journal Of Research In Science Teaching, 20 (3), 239-246.
- Hardy-Brown, K. (1979). Formal operations and the issue of generalizability: the analysis of poetry by collage students. Human Development, 22, 127-136.
- Iqbal, H., & Shayer, M. (1997). Accelerating the developmental level of formal thinking in Pakistan secondary school students’ achievement effects and professional developmental effects. Journal Of Research In Science Teaching, 37 (3), 259-274.
- Karplus, R., Karplus, E., Formisano, M, & Paulsen, A.C. (1977). A survey of proportional reasoning and control of variables in seven countries. Journal Of Research In Scıence Teachıng, 14 (5), 411-417.
- Korkmaz, O. (2005). The relationship among reasoning ability, gender and students’ understanding of diffusion and osmosis, Unpublished Master Thesis, METU, Ankara.
- Lawson, A. E., Nordland, F.H. & De Vito, A. (1974). Piagetian formal operational tasks: a crossover study of learning effect and reliability. Science Education, 58 (2), 267-276
- Lawson, A. E., Nordland, F.H. & De Vito, A. (1975). Relationship of formal reasoning to achievement, aptitudes and attitudes in pre-service teachers. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 12 (4), 423-431.
- Lawson, Anton E. & Shepherd, G.D. (1979). Written language maturity and formal reasoning in male and female adolescents. Language and Speech, 22, 117-127.
- Lawson, A. E. (1982). Formal reasoning, achievement and ıntelligence: an issue of importance. Science Education, 66, 77-83.
- Lawson, A. E. (1983). Predicting science achievement, the role of developmental level, disembedding ability, mental capacity, prior knowledge and beliefs. Journal Of Research In Scıence Teaching, 20 (2), 117-129.
- Lıberman, D. & Hudson, H.T. (1979). Correlation between logical abilities and success in physics. American Journal Of Physics, 37 (9), 784-786.
- Martinez, M. A., Saudela, N. & Huber, G.L. (2001). Metaphors as bluprints of thinking about teaching and learning. Teaching And Teacher Education, 17, 965-977
- Meehan, A. M. (1984). A meta-analyses of sex differences in formal operational thought. Child Development, 55 (3), 1110-1124.
- Mwamwenda, T. S. (1993a). Formal operations and academic achievement. Journal Of Psychology, 127 (1), 99-103.
- Mwamwenda, T. S. (1993b). Sex differences ın formal operations. Journal Of Psychology, 124 (4), 419-424.
- Olson, M. H., & Hergenhahn, B.R. (1997). An introduction to theories of learning. 5th Edition. London: Prentice Hall Inc.
- Ören, F. (2005). Đlköğretim 7. sınıf fen bilgisi dersinde öğrenme halkası yaklaşımının öğrencilerin başarı, tutum ve mantıksal düşünme yetenekleri üzerine etkisi, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara.
- Özden, Y. (1998). Eğitimde dönüşüm, yeni değer ve oluşumlar. Pegem Yayıncılık, Ankara.
- Özsevgeç, T. (2002). Đlköğretim öğrencilerinin fen bilgisi konularındaki zihinsel gelişim düzeyleri ile sahip oldukları profiller arasındaki ilişkilerin tespiti, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Trabzon.
- Piaget, J. (1970). Piaget’s theory. In P.H. Musse (Ed.) Carmichael’s Manual of Child Psychology (Vol 1), New York: Wiley. Piaget, J. (1972). Intellectual evolution from adolescence to adulthood. Human Development, 15, 1-15.
- Phıllıps, D. C. (1995). The good, the bad and the ugly: many faces of constructivism. Educational Researcher, 24 (7), 5-12.
- Phıllıps, J., & Coletta, V. (2005). Interpreting fcı scores: normalized gain, preinstruction scores, and scientific reasoning ability. American Journal of Physics, 73 (12), 1172-1182.
- Piburn, M. (1980). Spatial reasoning as corralete of formal thought and science achievement of New Zealand students. Journal Of Research In Science Teaching, 17 (5), 443-448.
- Poduska, E. D., & Phıllıps, D.G. (1986). The performance of college students on Piaget-type tasks dealing with distance, time and speed. Journal Of Research In Science Teaching, 23 (9), 841838.
- Roadrangka V., Yeany, R.H. & Padilla M.J. (1982). Group test of logical thinking. University of Georgia, Athens, GA.
- Roberge, J. R., & Flexer, B.K. (1979). Further examination of formal operational reasoning abilities. Child Development, 50, 478-484.
- Saunders, W. L., & Shepardson, D. (1987). A comparison of concrete and formal science instruction upon science achievement and reasoning ability of sixth grade students. Journal Of Research In Science Teaching, 24 (1), 39-51.
- Saygılı, H. (2000). Problem çözme becerisi ile sosyal ve kişisel uyum arasındaki ilişkisi. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Atatürk Üniversitesi, Erzurum.
- Selçuk, Z. (2001). Gelişim ve öğrenme. 8. Baskı, Nobel Yayınevi, Ankara.
- Senemoğlu, N. (2001). Gelişim öğrenme ve öğretim: kuramdan uygulamaya. Gazi Kitabevi, Ankara.
- Sökmen, N., & Bayram, H. (1999). Lise 1. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Temel Kimya Kavramlarını Anlama Düzeyleriyle Mantıksal Düşünme Yetenekleri Arasındaki Đlişki. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 16/17, 89-94.
- Steer, D. N., Mccornell, D.A. & Owens, K.D. (2006). Student success in earth science: which logical thinking skills are important and why? The Geological Society of America, 40 th Annual Meeting. America: The University Of Akron, 38 (4), 11. Retrieved February 22, 2008 from http://www.eric.ed.gov.tr.
- Tobin, K. G., & Capie, W. (1982). Relationships between formal reasoning ability, locus of control, academic engagement and integrated process skill achievement. Journal Of Research In Science Teaching, 19 (2), 113-121.
- Topses, G. (2006). Gelişim ve Öğrenme Psikolojisi. 2. Basım, Nobel Yayınevi, Ankara.
- Wıllıams, R. L. (1989). Comparative study of logical thinking skills: West German data. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the National Association for Research in Science Teaching (62nd, San Francisco, CA, March 30-April 1, 1989).
- Woolfolk, A.E. (1993). Educational psychology. 5th Edition. Allyn & Bacon, US.
- Yenilmez, Ayşe, Sungur, S., & Tekkaya, C. (2006). Students' achievement in relation to reasoning ability, prior knowledge and gender. Research in Science & Technological Education, 24 (1), 129-138.