Research Article
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The Predictors of Depression in Eighth Grade Primary School Students

Year 2009, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 334 - 345, 26.06.2009

Atılgan Erözkan

Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine the factors -parenting styles, self-esteem, perfectionism, and
test anxiety- influencing depression level of eighth grade primary school students. Descriptive method was used
in this study. Participants were 500 eighth grade primary school students in Mugla, Turkey. Data were analyzed
using statistical techniques. The findings showed that the parenting styles, self-esteem, perfectionism, and test
anxiety important predictors of depression. The results are discussed in the light of previous findings and in the
context of depression, parenting styles, self-esteem, perfectionism, and test anxiety, providing a guide for future
research and applications as well.

Keywords

Depression parenting styles self-esteem perfectionism test anxiety

References

  • Accordino, D.B., Accordino, M.P., & Slaney, R.B., (2000). An investigation of perfectionism, mental health, achievement, and achievement motivation in adolescents. Psychology in the Schools, 37, 535-545.
  • Albayrak-Kaymak, D. (1985). The development of the Turkish form of the Spielberger test anxiety inventory: A study of transliteral equivalence and reliability. Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Bo aziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey.
  • Alden, L.E., Bieling, P.J., & Wallace, S.T. (1994). Perfectionism in an interpersonal context: A self-regulation analysis of dysphoria and social anxiety. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 18, 297-316.
  • Alpert, R. & Haber, N. (1990). Anxiety in academic situations. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 61, 207-215.
  • Anderson, J.A. & Olnhausen, K.S. (1999). Adolescent self-esteem: A foundational disposition. Nursing Science Quarterly, 12, 62-67.
  • Antony, M.M. & Swinson, R.P. (2000). Mükemmeliyetçilik: Dost sand) )m)z düIman. Kurald)I) Yay)nc)l)k, stanbul.
  • Ayd)n, B. (2005). Çocuk ve ergen psikolojisi. (2. Bask)). Atlas Yay)nlar), stanbul.
  • Aysan, F., Thomson, D. & Hamarat, E. (2001). Test anxiety, coping strategies and perceived health in a group of high school students: A Turkish sample. The Journal of Genetic Psychology; Child Behavior and Comparative Psychology, 162, 402-411.
  • BaltaI, A. (2002). Ö:renmede ve s navlarda üstün ba ar . Remzi Kitabevi, stanbul.
  • Beer, J. (1991). Depression, general anxiety, test anxiety, and rigidity of gifted junior high and high school children. Psychological Report, 69, 1128-1130.
  • Benjamin, M., McKeachie, W.J. & Lin, J.G. (1981). Test anxiety: Deficits in information processing. Journal of Educational Psychology, 73, 816-824.
  • Blackburn, I.M. (1987). Coping with depression, W.R. Chambers, Limited Edition, Edinburgh.
  • Blatt, S. (1995). The destructiveness of perfectionism. American Psychologist, 50, 1003-1020.
  • Burns, D.D. (1980). The perfectionist script for self defeat. Psychology Today, 22, 34-51.
  • Burwell, R.A. & Shirk, S.R. (2006). Self processes in adolescent depression: The role of self-worth contingencies. Journal of Research Adolescence, 16, 479-490.
  • Culler, R.E. & Holahan, C.J. (1980). Test anxiety and academic performance: The affected study of related behaviors. Journal of Educational Psychology, 72, 16-20.
  • Çuhadaro lu, F. (1986). Adolesanlarda benlik sayg s . Yay)nlanmam)I uzmanl)k tezi. Hacettepe Üniveristesi, T)p Fakültesi, Psikiyatri Bölümü, Ankara.
  • Deffenbacher, J.L. & Deitz, S.R. (1978). Effects of test anxiety on performance, worry and emotionality in naturally occuring exams. Psychology in the School, 15, 446-450.
  • Deffenbacher, J.L. & Hazelius, S.L. (1985). Cognitive, emotional and psychological comparent of test anxiety. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 15, 446-450.
  • Düzgün, M. (1995). Lise ö:rencilerinin psikolojik belirtileri ile ana-baba tutumlar aras ndaki ili kiler. Yay)nlanm)I Doktora Tezi, Atatürk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Erzurum.
  • Eldeleklio lu, J. (1996). Karar stratejileri ile ana-baba tutumlar aras ndaki ili ki. Yay)nlanmam)I Doktora Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Ergene, T. (1994). S)nav kayg)s) ile baIa ç)kma program)n)n etkilili i. Psikiyatri Psikoloji ve Psikofarmakoloji Dergisi, 2, 36-42.
  • Ergene, T. & Y)ld)r)m, . (2004). Üniversite adaylar)n)n depresyon düzeyleri. Psikiyatri Psikoloji ve Psikofarmakoloji Dergisi, 12, 91-100.
  • Erözkan, A. (2008). Üniversite ö rencilerinin mükemmeliyetçilik e ilimleri ve depresyon düzeyleri. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences, 6, 76-88.
  • Eskin, M., Ertekin, K., Harlak, H., & Dereboy, C. (2008). Lise ö rencisi ergenlerde depresyonun yayg)nl) ) ve iliIkili oldu u etmenler. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 19, 382-389.
  • Ferrari, J.R. & Dovidio, J.F. (2001). Behavioral information search processes by indecisiveness. Personality and Individual Differences, 30, 1113-1123.
  • Flett, G. & Hewitt P.L. (2002). Perfectionism and maladjustment: An overview of theoretical, definitional and treatment issues. Perfectionism: Theory, research, and treatment, Editor: G. Flett & P.L. Hewitt, Washington DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Frost, R.O., Marten, P., Lahart, C., & Rosenblate, R. (1990). The dimensions of perfectionism. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 14, 449-468.
  • Frydenberg, E. & Lewis, R. (1993). Boys play sport and girls turn to others: Age, gender, and ethnicity as determinants of coping. Journal of Adolescence, 16, 252-266.
  • Guillon, M.S., Crocq, M.A., & Bailey, P.E. (2003). The relationship between self-esteem and psychiatric disorders in adolescents. European Psychiatry, 18, 59-62.
  • Hall Brown, T.S., Turner, S.M., & Beidel, D.C. (2005). Is test anxiety a form of specific social phobia? Anxiety Disorders Association of American Annual Convention, Seattle, WA, March.
  • Hamburg, B.A. & Takanishi, M. (1989). Preparing for life: The critical transition of adolescence. American Psychologist, 44, 825-827.
  • Hembree, R. (1988). Correlates, causes, and treatment of test anxiety. Review of Educational Research, 58, 47- 77.
  • Hewitt, P.L. & Dyck, D.G. (1986). Perfectionism, stress, and vulnerability to depression. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 10, 137-142.
  • Hewitt, P.L., Flett, G.L., & Ediger, E. (1996). Perfectionism and depression: Longitudinal assesment of a spesific vulnerability hypothesis. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 105, 276-280.
  • Hewitt, P.L. & Flett, G.L. (1991). Dimension of perfectionism in unipolar depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100, 98-101.
  • Horney, K. (1945). New ways in psychoanalysis. Norton Publishing, New York.
  • Johnston, L.D., O’Malley, P.M., & Bachman, J.G. (2001). Monitoring the future national survey restuls on drug use, 1975-2000. Vol. I: Secondary school students (NIH Publication No. 01-4924). Bethesda, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse.
  • Kalafat, S. (1996). Depresyon ve mutlulukta otomatik dü üncelerin rolü. Yay)nlanmam)I Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ondokuz May)s Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Samsun.
  • Kim, Y.H. (2003). Correlation of mental health problems with psychological constructs in adolescence: Final results from a 2-year study. The International Journal of Nursing Studies, 40, 115-124.
  • Kovacs, M. (1981). The children’s depression inventory (CDI), Psychopharmacologica Bulletin, 21, 995-998.
  • Kuzgun, Y. (1972). Ana baba tutumlar n n kendini gerçekle tirme düzeyine etkisi. Yay)nlanmam)I Doktora Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi.
  • Kuzgun, Y. & Eldeleklio lu, J. (2005). Rehberlik ve psikolojik dan mada kullan lan ölçme araçlar ve programlar dizisi. Nobel Yay)n Da )t)m, Ankara.
  • Lee, M. & Larson, R. (2000). The Korean examination hell: Long hours of studying, distress, and depression. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 29, 249-271.
  • Lewinsohn, P.M., Gotlib, I.H., & Seeley, J.R. (1997). Depression-related psychosocial variables: Are they specific to depression in adolescents? Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 106, 365-375.
  • Lucas, M. & Epperson, D. (1988). Personality types in vocationally undecided students. Journal of College Student Development, 29, 460-466.
  • Lufi, D. & Darliuk, L. (2005). The interactive effect of test anxiety and learning disabilities among adolescents. International Journal of Educational Research, 43, 236-249.
  • Meadows, S.O., Brown, J.S., & Elder, G.H. (2006). Depressive symptoms, stress, and support: Gendered trajectories from adolescence to young adulthood. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 35, 93-103.
  • M)s)rl)-TaIdemir, Ö. (2004). Üstün yetenekli çocuklarda mükemmeliyetçilik, s nav kayg s , benlik sayg s , kontrol oda: , öz-yeterlilik ve problem çözme becerileri aras ndaki ili kinin incelenmesi. Yay)nlanmam)I Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Trabzon.
  • O’Connor, L.E., Berry, J.W., Weiss, J., & Gilbert, P. (2002). Guilt, fear, submission, and empathy in depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 71, 19-27.
  • Oral, M. (1999). The relationship between dimensions of perfectionism, stressful life events and depressive symptoms in university students: A test of diathesis-stress model of depression. Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Middle East Technical University, Ankara.
  • Öy, B. (1990). Çocuklar için depresyon ölçe:i’nin ö:renciler ve çocuk ruh sa:l : klini:ine ba vuran çocuklara uygulanmas . Çocuk Psikiyatrisi Uzmanl)k Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi T)p Fakültesi Psikiyatrisi Anabilim Dal), Ankara.
  • Öztürk, . (1990). Ana-baba tutumlar n n üniversite ö:rencilerinin ba: ms zl k duygular n anlama, yak nl k ba atl k, kendini suçlama ve sald rganl k düzeyine etkisi. Yay)nlanmam)I Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Pacht, A.R. (1984). Reflections on perfection. American Psychologist, 39, 386-390.
  • Peleg, O. & Klingman, A. (2002). Family environment, discrepancies between perceived actual and desirable environment and children's test and trait anxiety. British Journal of Guidance and Counseling, 30, 451- 466.
  • Rice, K.G., Ashby, J.S., & Slaney, R.B. (1998). Self-esteem as a mediator between perfectionism and depression: A structural equations analysis. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 45, 304-314.
  • Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton University Press: New Jersey.
  • Say)ner, B., Köknel Ö., & Turanl), M. (2005). Lise ö rencilerinin ana-baba tutumlar)n)n çeIitli de iIkenlere göre incelenmesi. VIII. Ulusal Psikolojik Dan ma ve Rehberlik Kongresi. Marmara Üniversitesi, stanbul.
  • Slaney, R.B. & Ashby, J.S. (1999). Perfectionism: Study of a criterion group. Journal of Counseling and Development, 74, 51-58.
  • Spielberger, C.D. & Vagg, R.R. (1995). Test anxiety, theory, assessment and treatment. Taylor & Francis, Washington, DC.
  • Spielberger, C.D. (1980). Test anxiety inventory. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologist Press.
  • Sumi, K. & Kanda, K. (2002). Relationship between neurotic perfectionism, depression, anxiety, and psychosomatic symptoms: A prospective study among Japanese men. Personality and Individual Differences, 32, 817-826.
  • Terry-Short, L.A., Owens, R.G., Slade, P.D., & Dewey, M.E. (1995). Positive and negative perfectionism. Personality and Individual Differences, 18, 663-668.
  • Y)ld)r)m, . (2004). Depresyonun önemli yorday)c)s) olarak s)nav kayg)s), gündelik s)k)nt)lar ve sosyal destek. Hacettepe Üniversitesi E:itim Fakültesi Dergisi, 27, 241-250.
  • Yörüko lu, A. (2000). Çocuk ruh sa:l : . Özgür Yay)nlar), stanbul.

İlköğretim Sekizinci Sınıf Öğrencilerinde Depresyonun Yordayıcıları

Year 2009, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 334 - 345, 26.06.2009

Atılgan Erözkan

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı, ilköğretim sekizinci sınıf öğrencilerinin depresyon seviyelerinin olması belirlemektir. Bu araştırma, ilköğretim sekizinci sınıf öğrencilerinin depresyon seviyelerinin; ebeveyn tutumları, benlik saygısı, mükemmeliyetçilik ve sınav kaygısı çalışmadır. Muğla ilindeki beş farklı ilköğretim okulunda tesadüfi küme örnekleme topluluğu ile 500 kişi üzerinde (250 kız; 250 erkek) gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada Bilgi Toplama Formu, Çocuklar İçin Depresyon Envanteri, Ana Baba Tutum Ölçeği, Rosenberg Benlik Saygısı Envanteri, Çok Boyutlu Mükemmeliyetçilik Ölçeği ve Sınav Tutum Envanteri'dir. Veri analizleri için SPSS / WINDOWS -14.0- programı sunuyor. Veriler, çok yönlü hiyerarşik regresyon analizi ve korelasyon SPSS / WINDOWS programı ile çalıştırılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları, ebeveyn tutumları, benlik saygısı, mükemmeliyetçilik ve sınav kaygısının depresyonun önemi yordayıcıları vardır. Araştırmanın sonuçları, daha önce düzensiz ışığında depresyon, ebeveyn tutumları, benlik saygısı, mükemmeliyetçilik ve sınav kaygısı kapsamında başka araştırma ve uygulamalara da yol gösterecek bağlamda tartışılmıştır.

Keywords

Depresyon ebeveyn tutumları benlik saygısı mükemmeliyetçilik sınav kaygısı

References

  • Accordino, D.B., Accordino, M.P., & Slaney, R.B., (2000). An investigation of perfectionism, mental health, achievement, and achievement motivation in adolescents. Psychology in the Schools, 37, 535-545.
  • Albayrak-Kaymak, D. (1985). The development of the Turkish form of the Spielberger test anxiety inventory: A study of transliteral equivalence and reliability. Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Bo aziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey.
  • Alden, L.E., Bieling, P.J., & Wallace, S.T. (1994). Perfectionism in an interpersonal context: A self-regulation analysis of dysphoria and social anxiety. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 18, 297-316.
  • Alpert, R. & Haber, N. (1990). Anxiety in academic situations. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 61, 207-215.
  • Anderson, J.A. & Olnhausen, K.S. (1999). Adolescent self-esteem: A foundational disposition. Nursing Science Quarterly, 12, 62-67.
  • Antony, M.M. & Swinson, R.P. (2000). Mükemmeliyetçilik: Dost sand) )m)z düIman. Kurald)I) Yay)nc)l)k, stanbul.
  • Ayd)n, B. (2005). Çocuk ve ergen psikolojisi. (2. Bask)). Atlas Yay)nlar), stanbul.
  • Aysan, F., Thomson, D. & Hamarat, E. (2001). Test anxiety, coping strategies and perceived health in a group of high school students: A Turkish sample. The Journal of Genetic Psychology; Child Behavior and Comparative Psychology, 162, 402-411.
  • BaltaI, A. (2002). Ö:renmede ve s navlarda üstün ba ar . Remzi Kitabevi, stanbul.
  • Beer, J. (1991). Depression, general anxiety, test anxiety, and rigidity of gifted junior high and high school children. Psychological Report, 69, 1128-1130.
  • Benjamin, M., McKeachie, W.J. & Lin, J.G. (1981). Test anxiety: Deficits in information processing. Journal of Educational Psychology, 73, 816-824.
  • Blackburn, I.M. (1987). Coping with depression, W.R. Chambers, Limited Edition, Edinburgh.
  • Blatt, S. (1995). The destructiveness of perfectionism. American Psychologist, 50, 1003-1020.
  • Burns, D.D. (1980). The perfectionist script for self defeat. Psychology Today, 22, 34-51.
  • Burwell, R.A. & Shirk, S.R. (2006). Self processes in adolescent depression: The role of self-worth contingencies. Journal of Research Adolescence, 16, 479-490.
  • Culler, R.E. & Holahan, C.J. (1980). Test anxiety and academic performance: The affected study of related behaviors. Journal of Educational Psychology, 72, 16-20.
  • Çuhadaro lu, F. (1986). Adolesanlarda benlik sayg s . Yay)nlanmam)I uzmanl)k tezi. Hacettepe Üniveristesi, T)p Fakültesi, Psikiyatri Bölümü, Ankara.
  • Deffenbacher, J.L. & Deitz, S.R. (1978). Effects of test anxiety on performance, worry and emotionality in naturally occuring exams. Psychology in the School, 15, 446-450.
  • Deffenbacher, J.L. & Hazelius, S.L. (1985). Cognitive, emotional and psychological comparent of test anxiety. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 15, 446-450.
  • Düzgün, M. (1995). Lise ö:rencilerinin psikolojik belirtileri ile ana-baba tutumlar aras ndaki ili kiler. Yay)nlanm)I Doktora Tezi, Atatürk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Erzurum.
  • Eldeleklio lu, J. (1996). Karar stratejileri ile ana-baba tutumlar aras ndaki ili ki. Yay)nlanmam)I Doktora Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Ergene, T. (1994). S)nav kayg)s) ile baIa ç)kma program)n)n etkilili i. Psikiyatri Psikoloji ve Psikofarmakoloji Dergisi, 2, 36-42.
  • Ergene, T. & Y)ld)r)m, . (2004). Üniversite adaylar)n)n depresyon düzeyleri. Psikiyatri Psikoloji ve Psikofarmakoloji Dergisi, 12, 91-100.
  • Erözkan, A. (2008). Üniversite ö rencilerinin mükemmeliyetçilik e ilimleri ve depresyon düzeyleri. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences, 6, 76-88.
  • Eskin, M., Ertekin, K., Harlak, H., & Dereboy, C. (2008). Lise ö rencisi ergenlerde depresyonun yayg)nl) ) ve iliIkili oldu u etmenler. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 19, 382-389.
  • Ferrari, J.R. & Dovidio, J.F. (2001). Behavioral information search processes by indecisiveness. Personality and Individual Differences, 30, 1113-1123.
  • Flett, G. & Hewitt P.L. (2002). Perfectionism and maladjustment: An overview of theoretical, definitional and treatment issues. Perfectionism: Theory, research, and treatment, Editor: G. Flett & P.L. Hewitt, Washington DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Frost, R.O., Marten, P., Lahart, C., & Rosenblate, R. (1990). The dimensions of perfectionism. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 14, 449-468.
  • Frydenberg, E. & Lewis, R. (1993). Boys play sport and girls turn to others: Age, gender, and ethnicity as determinants of coping. Journal of Adolescence, 16, 252-266.
  • Guillon, M.S., Crocq, M.A., & Bailey, P.E. (2003). The relationship between self-esteem and psychiatric disorders in adolescents. European Psychiatry, 18, 59-62.
  • Hall Brown, T.S., Turner, S.M., & Beidel, D.C. (2005). Is test anxiety a form of specific social phobia? Anxiety Disorders Association of American Annual Convention, Seattle, WA, March.
  • Hamburg, B.A. & Takanishi, M. (1989). Preparing for life: The critical transition of adolescence. American Psychologist, 44, 825-827.
  • Hembree, R. (1988). Correlates, causes, and treatment of test anxiety. Review of Educational Research, 58, 47- 77.
  • Hewitt, P.L. & Dyck, D.G. (1986). Perfectionism, stress, and vulnerability to depression. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 10, 137-142.
  • Hewitt, P.L., Flett, G.L., & Ediger, E. (1996). Perfectionism and depression: Longitudinal assesment of a spesific vulnerability hypothesis. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 105, 276-280.
  • Hewitt, P.L. & Flett, G.L. (1991). Dimension of perfectionism in unipolar depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100, 98-101.
  • Horney, K. (1945). New ways in psychoanalysis. Norton Publishing, New York.
  • Johnston, L.D., O’Malley, P.M., & Bachman, J.G. (2001). Monitoring the future national survey restuls on drug use, 1975-2000. Vol. I: Secondary school students (NIH Publication No. 01-4924). Bethesda, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse.
  • Kalafat, S. (1996). Depresyon ve mutlulukta otomatik dü üncelerin rolü. Yay)nlanmam)I Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ondokuz May)s Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Samsun.
  • Kim, Y.H. (2003). Correlation of mental health problems with psychological constructs in adolescence: Final results from a 2-year study. The International Journal of Nursing Studies, 40, 115-124.
  • Kovacs, M. (1981). The children’s depression inventory (CDI), Psychopharmacologica Bulletin, 21, 995-998.
  • Kuzgun, Y. (1972). Ana baba tutumlar n n kendini gerçekle tirme düzeyine etkisi. Yay)nlanmam)I Doktora Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi.
  • Kuzgun, Y. & Eldeleklio lu, J. (2005). Rehberlik ve psikolojik dan mada kullan lan ölçme araçlar ve programlar dizisi. Nobel Yay)n Da )t)m, Ankara.
  • Lee, M. & Larson, R. (2000). The Korean examination hell: Long hours of studying, distress, and depression. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 29, 249-271.
  • Lewinsohn, P.M., Gotlib, I.H., & Seeley, J.R. (1997). Depression-related psychosocial variables: Are they specific to depression in adolescents? Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 106, 365-375.
  • Lucas, M. & Epperson, D. (1988). Personality types in vocationally undecided students. Journal of College Student Development, 29, 460-466.
  • Lufi, D. & Darliuk, L. (2005). The interactive effect of test anxiety and learning disabilities among adolescents. International Journal of Educational Research, 43, 236-249.
  • Meadows, S.O., Brown, J.S., & Elder, G.H. (2006). Depressive symptoms, stress, and support: Gendered trajectories from adolescence to young adulthood. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 35, 93-103.
  • M)s)rl)-TaIdemir, Ö. (2004). Üstün yetenekli çocuklarda mükemmeliyetçilik, s nav kayg s , benlik sayg s , kontrol oda: , öz-yeterlilik ve problem çözme becerileri aras ndaki ili kinin incelenmesi. Yay)nlanmam)I Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Trabzon.
  • O’Connor, L.E., Berry, J.W., Weiss, J., & Gilbert, P. (2002). Guilt, fear, submission, and empathy in depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 71, 19-27.
  • Oral, M. (1999). The relationship between dimensions of perfectionism, stressful life events and depressive symptoms in university students: A test of diathesis-stress model of depression. Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Middle East Technical University, Ankara.
  • Öy, B. (1990). Çocuklar için depresyon ölçe:i’nin ö:renciler ve çocuk ruh sa:l : klini:ine ba vuran çocuklara uygulanmas . Çocuk Psikiyatrisi Uzmanl)k Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi T)p Fakültesi Psikiyatrisi Anabilim Dal), Ankara.
  • Öztürk, . (1990). Ana-baba tutumlar n n üniversite ö:rencilerinin ba: ms zl k duygular n anlama, yak nl k ba atl k, kendini suçlama ve sald rganl k düzeyine etkisi. Yay)nlanmam)I Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Pacht, A.R. (1984). Reflections on perfection. American Psychologist, 39, 386-390.
  • Peleg, O. & Klingman, A. (2002). Family environment, discrepancies between perceived actual and desirable environment and children's test and trait anxiety. British Journal of Guidance and Counseling, 30, 451- 466.
  • Rice, K.G., Ashby, J.S., & Slaney, R.B. (1998). Self-esteem as a mediator between perfectionism and depression: A structural equations analysis. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 45, 304-314.
  • Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton University Press: New Jersey.
  • Say)ner, B., Köknel Ö., & Turanl), M. (2005). Lise ö rencilerinin ana-baba tutumlar)n)n çeIitli de iIkenlere göre incelenmesi. VIII. Ulusal Psikolojik Dan ma ve Rehberlik Kongresi. Marmara Üniversitesi, stanbul.
  • Slaney, R.B. & Ashby, J.S. (1999). Perfectionism: Study of a criterion group. Journal of Counseling and Development, 74, 51-58.
  • Spielberger, C.D. & Vagg, R.R. (1995). Test anxiety, theory, assessment and treatment. Taylor & Francis, Washington, DC.
  • Spielberger, C.D. (1980). Test anxiety inventory. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologist Press.
  • Sumi, K. & Kanda, K. (2002). Relationship between neurotic perfectionism, depression, anxiety, and psychosomatic symptoms: A prospective study among Japanese men. Personality and Individual Differences, 32, 817-826.
  • Terry-Short, L.A., Owens, R.G., Slade, P.D., & Dewey, M.E. (1995). Positive and negative perfectionism. Personality and Individual Differences, 18, 663-668.
  • Y)ld)r)m, . (2004). Depresyonun önemli yorday)c)s) olarak s)nav kayg)s), gündelik s)k)nt)lar ve sosyal destek. Hacettepe Üniversitesi E:itim Fakültesi Dergisi, 27, 241-250.
  • Yörüko lu, A. (2000). Çocuk ruh sa:l : . Özgür Yay)nlar), stanbul.
There are 65 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Atılgan Erözkan

Publication Date June 26, 2009
Published in Issue Year 2009 Volume: 8 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Erözkan, A. (2009). İlköğretim Sekizinci Sınıf Öğrencilerinde Depresyonun Yordayıcıları. İlköğretim Online, 8(2), 334-345.
AMA Erözkan A. İlköğretim Sekizinci Sınıf Öğrencilerinde Depresyonun Yordayıcıları. EEO. June 2009;8(2):334-345.
Chicago Erözkan, Atılgan. “İlköğretim Sekizinci Sınıf Öğrencilerinde Depresyonun Yordayıcıları”. İlköğretim Online 8, no. 2 (June 2009): 334-45.
EndNote Erözkan A (June 1, 2009) İlköğretim Sekizinci Sınıf Öğrencilerinde Depresyonun Yordayıcıları. İlköğretim Online 8 2 334–345.
IEEE A. Erözkan, “İlköğretim Sekizinci Sınıf Öğrencilerinde Depresyonun Yordayıcıları”, EEO, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 334–345, 2009.
ISNAD Erözkan, Atılgan. “İlköğretim Sekizinci Sınıf Öğrencilerinde Depresyonun Yordayıcıları”. İlköğretim Online 8/2 (June 2009), 334-345.
JAMA Erözkan A. İlköğretim Sekizinci Sınıf Öğrencilerinde Depresyonun Yordayıcıları. EEO. 2009;8:334–345.
MLA Erözkan, Atılgan. “İlköğretim Sekizinci Sınıf Öğrencilerinde Depresyonun Yordayıcıları”. İlköğretim Online, vol. 8, no. 2, 2009, pp. 334-45.
Vancouver Erözkan A. İlköğretim Sekizinci Sınıf Öğrencilerinde Depresyonun Yordayıcıları. EEO. 2009;8(2):334-45.