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SOSYAL KUŞAKLAR: KUŞAKLAR SOSYOLOJİSİNDE METODOLOJİK BİR AÇILIM

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 11, 331 - 350, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.53791/imgelem.1150010

Abstract

Kuşaklar sosyolojisi, sosyolojinin görece yeni çalışma alanlarından biri olup, gelişmekte olan bir literatüre sahiptir. Uzunca bir süre farklı disiplinlerin gölgesinde kalmış olan kuşak sorunu, tarih felsefesi, zaman sosyolojisi ve toplumsal değişme gibi makro bağlamlar içinde incelenmiştir. Kuşak sorununa dair en kapsamlı teorik katkı, Alman sosyolog Karl Mannheim tarafından bilgi sosyolojisinin özgün bir inceleme alanı olarak ortaya koyulmuştur. Kuşakları tarihsel süreçte içsel olarak deneyimlenen kolektif bilincin oluşturduğu toplumsal konumlar olarak nitelendiren Mannheim, teorisini yine tarihsel kanıtlarla ortaya koymaya çalışmıştır. Ancak kuşak sorununun ampirik olarak incelenmesi, Mannheim’den sonra kuşaklar sosyolojisine katkı veren diğer yazarların çalışmaları çerçevesinde mümkün olmuştur. Bu yazarlar arasında Jane Pilcher’in çalışması, Mannheim’in tarihsel kuşak okumasına metodolojik tadilatlar gerçekleştirmiştir. Pilcher, Mannheim’in teorisinden hareketle, kuşakları ampirik olarak incelemenin imkanlarını tartışmış, bu bakımdan kuşaklar sosyolojisini ayakları yere basan bir çalışma alanı haline getirmeye yönelik önemli açılımlar getirmiştir. Bu çalışmada Mannheim’in kuşaklar sosyolojisi, Pilcher’in getirdiği yenilikler çerçevesinde ele alınmaktadır. Bu hedefle öncelikle Mannheim’in teorisinin ana hatları ortaya koyulacak, ardından Mannheim’den sonra kuşaklar sosyolojisine katkı sunan yazarların çalışmalarına değinilecektir. Son olarak Pilcher’in kuşaklar sosyolojisine katkıları, metodolojik sosyal kuşak kavramı çerçevesinde tartışılacaktır.

Supporting Institution

Mersin Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi

Project Number

2018-1-TP3-2802

Thanks

Bu çalışma Mersin Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimince 2018-1-TP3-2802 Proje Numarası ile desteklenmiştir.

References

  • Adam, B. (1980). Time And Social Theory, Cambridge & Oxford: Polity. Aron, R. (1964). German Sociology. (M. Bottomore & T. Bottomore, Trans.), New York: The Free Press of Glencoe.
  • Bergmann, W. (1992). The Problem of Time In Sociology: An Overview of The Literature on The State of Theory And Research on The “Sociology of Time”, 1900-82, Time & Society, 1(1), 81-134, Doi: 10.1177/0961463X92001001007
  • Bloom, A. (1986). The New York Intellectuals & Their World, New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Bontekoning, A. (2017). The Power of Generations: How To Keep Aging Organizations Up To Date The Dutch Case, Amsterdam: Warden.
  • Bourdieu, P. and Wacquant, L. (2014). Düşünümsel Bir Antropoloji İçin Cevaplar, N. Ökten (Çev.), İstanbul: İletişim..
  • Bourdieu, P. (1995). Pratik Nedenler, H. Tufan (Çev.), İstanbul: Kesit.
  • Bristow, J. (2016). The Sociology of Generations: New Directions And Challenges, London: Palgrive Macmillan.
  • Burnett, J. (2010). Generations: The Time Machine In Theory and Practice. Surrey and Burlington: Ashgate.
  • Çamlıbel, D. (2010). Pierre Bourdieu: Düşünümsellik/Habitus/Entelektüeller, H. Onur İnce (Ed.). Günümüzde Yeni Siyasal Yaklaşımlar içinde (387-428), Ankara: Doğu Batı Yayınları.
  • Edmunds, J. and Turner, B. S. (2005). Global Generations: Social Change In The Twentieth Century, The British Journal of Sociology, 56 (4), 559-577, Doi: 10.1111/j.1468-4446.2005.00083.x.
  • Evens, T. M. S. (1995). Two Kinds of Rationality. Kibbutz Democracy and Generational Conflict, Minneapolis and London: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Eyerman, R. and Turner, B. S. (1998). Outline af A Theory of Generations. European Journal of Social Theory, 1(1), 91–106, Doi:10.1177/136843198001001007.
  • Geuss, R. (1996). Kultur, Bildung, Geist. History and Theory, 35(2), 151, Doi:10.2307/2505359.
  • Hartog, P. (1938). “Kultur” as a Symbol in Peace and in War. The Sociological Review, a30(4), 317–345, Doi:10.1111/j.1467-954x.1938.tb02007.x
  • Jaeger, H. (1985). Generations In History: Reflections on A Controversial Concept. History and Theory, 24 (3), 273-292, Doi: 10.2307/2505170
  • Jay, M. (2012). Deneyim Şarkıları: Evrensel Bir Tema Üzerine Çeşitlemeler, B. E. Aksoy(Çev.), İstanbul: Metis.
  • Mannheim, K. (1952). Essays on The Sociology of Knowledge, New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Nugin, R. (2010). Social Time as The Basis of Generational Consciousness. TRAMES, 14 (64/59), 342-366, Doi: 10.3176/tr.2010.4.04
  • Ortega y Gasset, J. (1961). The Modern Theme, J. Cleugh, (Trans.), New York: Harper & Row.
  • Ortega y Gasset, J. (2010). Kitlelerin ayaklanması. (Çev. N. G. Işık). İstanbul: Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları.
  • Parry, E. and Urwin, P. (2017). The Evidence Base For Generational Differences: Where Do We Go From Here? Work, Aging and Retirement, 3 (2), 140-148, Doi: 10.1093/workar/waw037
  • Pilcher, J. (1994). Mannheim’s Sociology of Generations: An Undervalued Legacy. British Journal of Sociology, 45 (3), 481-495, Doi: 10.2307/591659
  • Turner, B. S. (2002). Strategic Generations: Historical Change, Literary, Expression and Generational Politics, In J. Edmunds & B. S. Turner (Eds.). Generational Consciousness, Narrative and Politics (13-30), Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield.
  • Wohl, R. (1979). The Generation of 1914, Cambridge and Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
  • Wyatt, D. (1993). Out of Sixties: Storytelling and The Vietnam Generation, Cambridge, New York and Melbourne: Cambridge University Press.

SOCIAL GENERATIONS: A METHODOLOGICAL EXPANSION IN THE SOCIOLOGY OF GENERATIONS

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 11, 331 - 350, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.53791/imgelem.1150010

Abstract

The sociology of generations is one of the relatively new fields of study of sociology and has a developing literature. The problem of generation, which has been overshadowed by different disciplines for a long time, has been studied in macro contexts such as philosophy of history, sociology of time and social change. The most comprehensive theoretical contribution to the problem of generation was made by the German sociologist Karl Mannheim as an original field of study in the sociology of knowledge. Describing generations as social positions formed by the collective consciousness experienced internally in the historical process, Mannheim tried to reveal his theory with historical evidence. However, the empirical analysis of the generational problem has been possible within the framework of the work of other writers who contributed to the sociology of generations after Mannheim. Among these authors, the work of Jane Pilcher provided methodological modifications to Mannheim's reading of historical generations. Pilcher, starting from Mannheim's theory, discussed the possibilities of examining generations empirically, and in this respect, she brought important initiatives to make the sociology of generations a grounded field of study. In this study, Mannheim's sociology of generations is discussed within the framework of Pilcher's innovations. With this aim, first of all, the main lines of Mannheim's theory will be revealed, then the works of authors who contributed to the sociology of generations after Mannheim will be mentioned. Finally, Pilcher's contributions to the sociology of generations will be discussed within the framework of the methodological concept of social generation.

Project Number

2018-1-TP3-2802

References

  • Adam, B. (1980). Time And Social Theory, Cambridge & Oxford: Polity. Aron, R. (1964). German Sociology. (M. Bottomore & T. Bottomore, Trans.), New York: The Free Press of Glencoe.
  • Bergmann, W. (1992). The Problem of Time In Sociology: An Overview of The Literature on The State of Theory And Research on The “Sociology of Time”, 1900-82, Time & Society, 1(1), 81-134, Doi: 10.1177/0961463X92001001007
  • Bloom, A. (1986). The New York Intellectuals & Their World, New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Bontekoning, A. (2017). The Power of Generations: How To Keep Aging Organizations Up To Date The Dutch Case, Amsterdam: Warden.
  • Bourdieu, P. and Wacquant, L. (2014). Düşünümsel Bir Antropoloji İçin Cevaplar, N. Ökten (Çev.), İstanbul: İletişim..
  • Bourdieu, P. (1995). Pratik Nedenler, H. Tufan (Çev.), İstanbul: Kesit.
  • Bristow, J. (2016). The Sociology of Generations: New Directions And Challenges, London: Palgrive Macmillan.
  • Burnett, J. (2010). Generations: The Time Machine In Theory and Practice. Surrey and Burlington: Ashgate.
  • Çamlıbel, D. (2010). Pierre Bourdieu: Düşünümsellik/Habitus/Entelektüeller, H. Onur İnce (Ed.). Günümüzde Yeni Siyasal Yaklaşımlar içinde (387-428), Ankara: Doğu Batı Yayınları.
  • Edmunds, J. and Turner, B. S. (2005). Global Generations: Social Change In The Twentieth Century, The British Journal of Sociology, 56 (4), 559-577, Doi: 10.1111/j.1468-4446.2005.00083.x.
  • Evens, T. M. S. (1995). Two Kinds of Rationality. Kibbutz Democracy and Generational Conflict, Minneapolis and London: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Eyerman, R. and Turner, B. S. (1998). Outline af A Theory of Generations. European Journal of Social Theory, 1(1), 91–106, Doi:10.1177/136843198001001007.
  • Geuss, R. (1996). Kultur, Bildung, Geist. History and Theory, 35(2), 151, Doi:10.2307/2505359.
  • Hartog, P. (1938). “Kultur” as a Symbol in Peace and in War. The Sociological Review, a30(4), 317–345, Doi:10.1111/j.1467-954x.1938.tb02007.x
  • Jaeger, H. (1985). Generations In History: Reflections on A Controversial Concept. History and Theory, 24 (3), 273-292, Doi: 10.2307/2505170
  • Jay, M. (2012). Deneyim Şarkıları: Evrensel Bir Tema Üzerine Çeşitlemeler, B. E. Aksoy(Çev.), İstanbul: Metis.
  • Mannheim, K. (1952). Essays on The Sociology of Knowledge, New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Nugin, R. (2010). Social Time as The Basis of Generational Consciousness. TRAMES, 14 (64/59), 342-366, Doi: 10.3176/tr.2010.4.04
  • Ortega y Gasset, J. (1961). The Modern Theme, J. Cleugh, (Trans.), New York: Harper & Row.
  • Ortega y Gasset, J. (2010). Kitlelerin ayaklanması. (Çev. N. G. Işık). İstanbul: Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları.
  • Parry, E. and Urwin, P. (2017). The Evidence Base For Generational Differences: Where Do We Go From Here? Work, Aging and Retirement, 3 (2), 140-148, Doi: 10.1093/workar/waw037
  • Pilcher, J. (1994). Mannheim’s Sociology of Generations: An Undervalued Legacy. British Journal of Sociology, 45 (3), 481-495, Doi: 10.2307/591659
  • Turner, B. S. (2002). Strategic Generations: Historical Change, Literary, Expression and Generational Politics, In J. Edmunds & B. S. Turner (Eds.). Generational Consciousness, Narrative and Politics (13-30), Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield.
  • Wohl, R. (1979). The Generation of 1914, Cambridge and Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
  • Wyatt, D. (1993). Out of Sixties: Storytelling and The Vietnam Generation, Cambridge, New York and Melbourne: Cambridge University Press.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sociology
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Halil Çakır 0000-0002-0796-0907

Ayşe Azman 0000-0002-7409-7816

Project Number 2018-1-TP3-2802
Publication Date December 31, 2022
Submission Date July 28, 2022
Acceptance Date September 12, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 6 Issue: 11

Cite

APA Çakır, H., & Azman, A. (2022). SOSYAL KUŞAKLAR: KUŞAKLAR SOSYOLOJİSİNDE METODOLOJİK BİR AÇILIM. İmgelem, 6(11), 331-350. https://doi.org/10.53791/imgelem.1150010

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