The evaluation of patients apply for septorhinoplasty in terms of body perception, disability, depression and social phobia

Year 2024, , 20 - 26, 29.04.2024

Beyza Gülmez , Mehmet İhsan Gülmez , Şemsettin Okuyucu , Mustafa Arı

https://doi.org/10.17944/interdiscip.1306819

Abstract

Objective: Psychiatric suitability is an important parameter that is evaluated together with anatomical suitability when deciding on rhinoplasty surgery. There is no matter how successful the treatment or surgery is, the results are not satisfactory in individuals with psychiatric symptoms. In order to make a broader assessment to determine psychiatric suitability, we aimed to evaluate the body perception, disability, depression and social phobia in individuals who applied for rhinoplasty surgery.

Method: In this study, patients were planned to be included who applied to …………………… University Hospital Otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinic between 1/1/2019 - 1/1/2020. Among the patients, 50 volunteers who applied with the complaints of dissatisfaction with the aesthetic appearance of the nose and underwent septorhinoplasty were included in the case group. In the control group, 50 patients who applied to the Otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinic and had any complaints other than nasal deformity and were not planned for aesthetic any other operation were included.

Results: There was no statistically significant difference found in terms of body image, disability, depression and social phobia.

Conclusion: It has been confirmed that depression and body image do not show significant changes in patients who will undergo septorhinoplasty, and the information that disability and social phobia are not effective has been brought to the literature. Further studies with larger samples are needed on preoperative psychiatric evaluation.

Keywords

Septorhinoplasty, Body dysmorphic disorder, Depression, Body perception

References

• American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. Cosmetic Surgery National Data Bank–2018 Statistics. 2018.
• Jones D. Physical Attractiveness and the Theory of Sexual Selection: Results From Five Populations. Museum of Anthropology Publications. 1996;90. https://doi.org/10.3998/mpub.11394732
• J S, KA K. Physical attractiveness: interpersonal and intrapersonal variability of assessments. Soc Biol. 1992;39:170-6. https://doi.org/10.1080/19485565.1992.9988813
• Hern J, Hamann J, Tostevin P, Rowe-Jones J, Hinton A. Assessing psychological morbidity in patients with nasal deformity using the CORE questionnaire. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 2002;27:359-64. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2273.2002.00595.x
• Mr F et al. Body dysmorphic disorder in aesthetic rinoplasty candidates. Pak J Med Sci. 2013;29(1):197-200. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.291.2733
• Kopacheva-Barsova G, Nikolovski N, Arsova S KD. Psychological patient reactions after septorhinoplasty - our personal review. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2015;15(3(4)):635-9. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2015.100
• Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbough J. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psych. 1961;4:53-63. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004
• Secord PE, Jourard S. The appraisal of body - cathexis: Body cathexis and the self. Journal of ConsultivePsychology. 1953;17:343-7. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0060689
• Rosa AR, Sanchez-Moreno J, Martinez-Aran A. Validity and reliability of the Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) in bipolar disorder. Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health. 2007;3:5. https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-0179-3-5
• Liebowitz MR. Social Phobia. Mod Probl Pharmacopsychiatry. 1987;22:141-73. https://doi.org/10.1159/000414022
• AmericanSocietyforAestheticPlasticSurgery. Cosmetic Surgery National Data Bank-1997 Statistics. 1997.
• Taziki S, Saghafi S, Fathi ZN, Alishahi V, Roshandel G. Body Dysmorphic Disorder, Self-esteem and Depression in Cosmetic Rhinoplasty. European Psychiatry. 2015;30(1):466. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-9338(15)30369-2
• Bender M, Rustige L, Lindemann. Prevalence of depression and body dysmorphic disorder in patients before functional rhinosurgery. Laryngorhinootologie. 2014;93(11):764-7. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1390476
• Naraghi M, Atari M. A comparison of depression scores between aesthetic and functional rhinoplasty patients. Asian J Psychiatr. 2015;14:28-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2015.01.009
• Ayaz S. Estetik ve Rekonstrüktif Cerrahi Hastalarında Beden Algısı. Turkish Medikal Journal. 2008;2:24–9.
• Hashemi SAG, Edalatnoor B, Edalatnoor B, Niksun O. A Comparison of Body Image Concern in Candidates for Rhinoplasty and Therapeutic Surgery. Electron Physician. 2017;9(9):5363-8. https://doi.org/10.19082/5363
• Samadzadeh M, Abbasib M, Shahbazzadegan B. Survey of Relationship between body image and mental health among applicants for rhinoplasty before and after surgery. Procedia Soc Behav Sci. 2011;30:2253-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.440
• Aşkın R. Vücut dismorfik bozukluğu. In: Köroğlu E, Güleç C, editors. Psikiyatri Temel Kitabı. 2nd ed. Ankara: Hekimler Yayın Birliği; 2007. p. 390–2.
• Perihan, Ç R, Mehmet , E D, Lut T. Beden Dismorfik Bozukluğu. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar-Current Approaches in Psychiatry. 2012;4(4):547–65.
• Nierenberg AA, Phillips KA, Petersen TJ, Kelly KE, Alpert JE, Worthington JJ. Body dysmorphic disorder in outpatients with major depression. J Affect Disord. 2002;69(1-3):141-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-0327(01)00304-4
• Gunstad J, Phillips KA. Axis I comorbidity in body dysmorphic disorder. Compr Psychiatry. 2003;44(4):270-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-440X(03)00088-9
• Liao Y, Knoesen NP, Deng Y, Tang J, Castle DJ, Bookun R, et al. Body dysmorphic disorder, social anxiety and depressive symptoms in Chinese medical students. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2009;45:963-71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-009-0139-9
• Aderka IM, Gutner CA, Lazarov A, Hermesh H, Hofmann SG, Marom S. Body image in social anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and panic disorder. Body Image. 2014;11(1):51-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2013.09.002
• Ramseyer V, M. GM, Cahill L, Jones A, Ward M. Body appreciation, anxiety, and depression among a racially diverse sample of women. J Health Psychol. 2019;24(11):1517-25. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105317728575