Adiponectin and Lone atrial fibrillation

Year 2025, Volume: 16 Issue: 54, 18 - 24, 12.04.2025

Özden Kutlay , Arzu Keskin Aktan , Zafer Yalım

https://doi.org/10.17944/interdiscip.1467199

Abstract

Objective: Lone atrial fibrillation is an idiopathic arrhythmia seen in younger individuals without any secondary disease. Adiponectin is an endogenous adipocytokine that increases insulin sensitivity with anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects. Although the relationship between circulating adiponectin and atrial fibrillation has been suggested, it is questionable whether this relationship is arrhythmia-related. Therefore, the focus of this study is to investigate the relationship between adiponectin and Lone atrial fibrillation.
Methods: In this prospective study, 26 healthy individuals in sinus rhythm, 34 patients with Lone Atrial Fibrillation, and 38 patients diagnosed with Atrial Fibrillation were included by questioning their cardiovascular histories and risk factors upon their arrival at the hospital. Echocardiography was performed to evaluate the left ventricular ejection fraction. Plasma adiponectin levels were studied with Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA).
Results: Plasma adiponectin levels were significantly lower in the Atrial Fibrillation and Lone Atrial Fibrillation groups compared to the control group (p<0.001, p<0.001). Adiponectin levels did not differ significantly between Atrial Fibrillation and Lone Atrial Fibrillation groups (p=0.191). Furthermore, adiponectin was positively correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (r=0.208, p=0.04).
Conclusion: This study reveals, for the first time, the relationship between plasma adiponectin levels and Lone Atrial Fibrillation. Our results indicated that low adiponectin levels are associated with Lone Atrial Fibrillation and that this relationship persists in patients with secondary Atrial Fibrillation. Therefore, we predict that adiponectin decreases in Atrial Fibrillation due to arrhythmia independent of secondary diseases.

Keywords

Atrial fibrillation, Lone atrial fibrillation, adiponectin, arrhythmia, left ventricular ejection fraction

Ethical Statement

All procedures were approved by the Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University non-interventional clinical studies by the ethics committee (Approval number: 2022/428).

Supporting Institution

None

Project Number

None

Thanks

None

References

• Sawano M. Lone Atrial Fibrillation Reconfirmed as Unfavorable Arrhythmia. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2021;28(3):225-6. doi: 10.5551/jat.ED137. https://doi.org/10.5551/jat.ED137
• Roston TM, Islam S, Hawkins NM, et al. A Population-Based Study of Unexplained/Lone Atrial Fibrillation: Temporal Trends, Management, and Outcomes. CJC Open. 2021;4(1):65-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjco.2021.09.006
• Potpara TS, Lip GHY. Lone atrial fibrillation: what is known and what is to come. Int J Clin Pract. 2011;65(4):446-57. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-1241.2010.02618.x
• Zoni-Berisso M, Lercari F, Carazza T, et al. Epidemiology of atrial fibrillation: European perspective. Clin Epidemiol. 2014;6:213-20. doi: 10.2147/CLEP.S47385. Available from: https://doi.org/10.2147/CLEP.S47385
• Frost L, Anderson LV, Godtfredsen J, et al. Age and risk of stroke in atrial fibrillation. Neuroepidemiology. 2007;28(2):109-15. https://doi.org/10.1159/000101509
• Yamaguchi N, Okumura Y, Watanabe I, et al. Clinical implications of serum adiponectin on progression of atrial fibrillation. JArrhythm. 2017;33(6):608-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joa.2017.07.009
• Barnett AS, Piccini JP. Adiponectin: an accurate biomarker for patients at risk for atrial fibrillation? Heart. 2015;101(17):1351-2. https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2015-307816
• Shimano M, Shibata R, Tsuji Y, et al. Circulating Adiponectin Levels in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation. Circ J. 2008;72(7):1120-4. https://doi.org/10.1253/circj.72.1120
• Zhu T, Wang Z, Wang S, et al. Association between Serum Adiponectin and Atrial Fibrillation: A Case-Control Study Stratified by Age and Gender. Cardiol Res Pract. 2021;2021:6633948. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6633948
• Guo Y, Liu L, Wang J. Adiponectin and the risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Biosci Rep. 2019;39(6):BSR20182284. https://doi.org/10.1042/BSR20182284
• Lin K, Marine JE, Calkins H, et al. Should we abandon the term “lone atrial fibrillation”? Hellenic J Cardiol. 2019;60(4):216-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hjc.2019.04.005
• Hernández-Romero D, Jover E, Marín F, et al. The prognostic role of adiponectin levels in atrial fibrillation. Eur J Clin Invest. 2013;43(2):168-73. https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.12028
• Assar O. Low adiponectin level may contribute to higher incidence of post-cardiac surgery atrial fibrillation in obese patients. Ann Thorac Surg. 2012;93(5):1762-3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.09.025
• Choi BJ, Heo JH, Choi IS, et al. Hypoadiponectinemia in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Korean Circ J. 2012;42(10):668-73. https://doi.org/10.4070/kcj.2012.42.10.668
• Ybarra J, Resmini E, Planas F, et al. Relationship between adiponectin and left atrium size in uncomplicated obese patients: adiponectin, a link between fat and heart. Obes Surg. 2009;19(9):1324-32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-009-9924-5
• Wijesurendra RS, Liu A, Eichhorn C, et al. Lone Atrial Fibrillation Is Associated With Impaired Left Ventricular Energetics That Persists Despite Successful Catheter Ablation. Circulation.2016;134(15):1068-81. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.024679
• Thamilarasan M, Grimm RA, Rodriguez LL, et al. Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in lone atrial fibrillation determined by Doppler tissue imaging of mitral annular motion. Am J Cardiol. 2000;86(9):1026-9, A10. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9149(00)01144-9
• Pahlavani HA. Exercise Therapy for People With Sarcopenic Obesity: Myokines and Adipokines as Effective Actors. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022;13:811751. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.811751
• Ermakov S, Azarbal F, Stefanick ML, et al. The associations of leptin, adiponectin, and resistin with incident atrial fibrillation in women. Heart. 2016;102(17):1354-62. https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2015-308927
• El-Assaad I, Al-Kindi SG, Saarel EV, et al. Lone Pediatric Atrial Fibrillation in the United States: Analysis of Over 1500 Cases. Pediatr Cardiol. 2017;38(5):1004-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-017-1608-7