AN OVERVIEW OF THE ALTERNATIVE WAYS OF RESOLVING LEGAL DISPUTES BY MEANS OF ARBITRATION AND MEDIATION IN SWITZERLAND, AND THE SWISS RULES OF COMMERCIAL MEDIATION SUGGESTED BY THE SWISS CHAMBERS’ ARBITRATION INSTITUTION

Year 2019, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 452 - 469, 31.12.2019

Serpil Işık

https://doi.org/10.21492/inuhfd.592441

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Recently, parties seeking resolution of disputes arisen
between them have been more interested in using alternative methods of
resolving disputes instead of filing lawsuits.Switzerland as a neutral state
has been very popular for providing amicable settlement services for years.In
this study, we primarily refer to Switzerland’s role in resolving disputes, and
the mostly preferred alternative dispute resolution methods such as
arbitration, conciliation, mediation, and the generally recognized regulations
thereof set out in Swiss Law. In this context, we hereby explain the domestic
regulations international regulations and institutional arbitration regulations
set out in Swiss Law, and the Swiss Rules of Commercial Mediation “SRCM”
suggested by the Swiss Chambers’ Arbitration Institution “SCAI” respectively to
criticize the institutional arbitration regulations.In this respect, we aim to
bring a new perspective on resolving legal disputes by means of alternative
methods and the regulations thereof in effect in Switzerland as a neutral state
mostly preferred by parties in dispute.

Keywords

Alternative Dispute Resolution Methods, Arbitration in Swiss Law, Mediation in Swiss Law, Swiss Chambers’ Arbitration Institution (SCAI), Swiss Rules of Commercial Mediation (SRCM).

İSVİÇRE’DE HUKUK UYUŞMAZLIKLARININ ALTERNATİF YOLLARLA ÇÖZÜMLENMESİ KAPSAMINDA TAHKİM VE ARABULUCULUK İLE İSVİÇRE ODALARI TAHKİM KURUMUNUN ÖNERDİĞİ İSVİÇRE TİCARİ ARABULUCULUK KURALLARINA GENEL BİR BAKIŞ

Abstract

Son günlerde, tarafların
aralarındaki uyuşmazlıkları dava ederek çözümlemek yerine, alternatif
uyuşmazlık çözüm yöntemlerine müracaat etmek suretiyle ortadan kaldırma
konusundaki ilgisi giderek artmaktadır. İsviçre’nin tarafsız bir devlet olması,
dostane hizmetlerin sunumunda yıllardan beri büyük bir ün kazanmasını
sağlamıştır. Bu sebeple çalışmamızda, öncelikle İsviçre’nin uyuşmazlıkların
çözümünde üstlendiği rol ifade edilerek İsviçre Hukukunda alternatif uyuşmazlık
çözüm yolları kapsamında uygulamada sıklıkla müracaat edilen tahkim, uzlaştırma
ve arabuluculuk bakımından kabul edilen genel düzenlemelere değinilecektir. Bu
çerçevede, İsviçre Hukuk sisteminde öngörülen iç tahkim, milletlerarası tahkim
ve kurumsal tahkim düzenlemeleri hakkında açıklamalarda bulunulacak, sonrasında
ise, özel olarak, İsviçre Odaları Tahkim Kurumunun (Swiss Chambers’ Arbitration
Institution “SCAI”) öngördüğü İsviçre Ticari Arabuluculuk Kuralları (Swiss
Rules of Commercial Mediation “SRCM”) açıklanarak kurumsal arabuluculuk
düzenlemelerinin değerlendirilmesi yoluna gidilecektir. Böylelikle, tarafsız
bir devlet olarak pek çok ülke arasından öne çıkan ve uygulamacılar tarafından
hukuki düzenlemeleri sıklıkla tercih edilen İsviçre’nin hukuk uyuşmazlıklarının
alternatif yollarla çözümlenmesi konusundaki yaklaşımı ile buna ilişkin hukuki
düzenlemeleri hakkında genel bir bakış açısı yaratılmaya çalışılacaktır.

Keywords

Alternatif Uyuşmazlık Çözüm Yolları, İsviçre Hukukunda Tahkim, İsviçre Hukukunda Arabuluculuk, İsviçre Odaları Tahkim Kurumu, İsviçre Ticari Arabuluculuk Kuralları.

References

• AKINCI, Ziya, Milletlerarası Tahkim, Genişletilmiş ve Güncelleştirilmiş 4. Bs., İstanbul, Vedat Kitapçılık, 2016.
• BAIZEAU, Domitille / KUNZ, A. Catherine, “Switzerland”, in: Mediation in 16 Jurisdictions Worldwide, Contributing Editor: Renate Dendorfer-Ditges, Published by Getting the Deal Through, (s. 93-99).
• BANTEKAS, Ilias, An Introduction to International Arbitration, First Published, United States of America, Cambridge University Press, 2015.
• BERGER, Klaus Peter, Private Dispute Resolution in International Business: Negotiation, Mediation, Arbitration, Third Revised Edition, Volume II: Handbook, Kluwer Law International, Netherlands, (2015).
• BLESSING, Marc, “The Law Applicable to the Arbitration Clause”, in Albert Jan van den Berg (ed), Improving the Efficiency of Arbitration Agreements and Awards: 40 Years of Application of the New York Convention, ICCA Congress Series, Volume 9 (Kluwer Law International; Kluwer Law International 1999), (s. 168- 188). (Anılış: “Arbitration”).
• BLESSING, Marc, “The New International Arbitration Law in Switzerland: A Significant Step Towards Liberalism”, Journal of International Arbitration, (Kluwer Law International; Kluwer Law International 1988, Volume 5 Issue2), (s. 9-82) (Anılış: Switzerland).
• BRINER, Robert, “National Report – Switzerland”, in Albert Jan van den Berg (ed), Yearbook Commercial Arbitration 1989- Volume XIV, Yearbook Commercial Arbitration, Volume 14 (Kluwer Law International; Kluwer Law International 1989), (s. 1-44) (Anılış: “Report”).
• BRINER, Robert, “National Report for Switzerland (1978- 1982-1984) [ARCHIVED]”, in Pieter Sanders (ed), Yearbook Commercial Arbitration 1978 - Volume III, Yearbook Commercial Arbitration, Volume 3 ( Kluwer Law International; Kluwer Law International 1978) (s. 181 – 206) (Anılış: “Switzerland”).
• BORN, Gary, International Arbitration: Law and Practice, First Edition, Kluwer Law International (Wolters Kluwer Law & Business), 2012.
• BULL, Cavinder, “Commencing Arbitration”, in Albert Jan van den Berg (ed), International Arbitration: The Coming of a New Age? ICCA Congress Series, Volume 17 (Kluwer Law International; Kluwer Law International 2013) (s. 135 – 173).
• EIHOLZER, Heiner, Die Streitbeilegungsabrede, (Ein Beitrag zu alternativen Formen der Streitbeilegung, namentlich zur Mediation), Universitättverlag Freiburg Schweiz, 1998.
• GELZER, Philipp S. / RUGGLE, Peter, Basler Kommentar; Schweizerische Zivilprozessordnung, Spühler, Karl; Tenchio Luca; Infanger, Dominik (Herausgeber), 3. Auflage, Helbing Lichtenhahn Verlag, Zürich, Basel, 2017.
• GLASNER, Kenneth, “Contract Disputes and Alternative Disputes Resolution: Some Observations”, Advocate (Vancouver Bar Association), Vol. 59, Issue 5 (September 2001), (s. 725-732).
• GONZALES, Alex, “Alternative Dispute Resolution”, The Brief, Vol. 32, Issue 2 (Winter 2003), (s. 4- 56).
• GOSS, Joanne, “An Introduction to Alternative Dispute Resolution”, Alberta Law Review, Vol. 34, Issue 1 (1995), (s. 1-33).
• GREEN, Eric D., “Corporate Alternative Dispute Resolution”, Ohio State Journal on Dispute Resolution, Vol. 1, Issue 2 (1986), (s. 203-298).
• HAAS, Ulrich, “Die (neue) ZPO und die Sportschiedsgerichtsbarkeit”, ASA Bulletin, (Association Suisse de l'Arbitrage; Kluwer Law International 2012, Volume 30 Issue 2), (s. 312 – 348).
• HABEGGER, Philipp A., “The Revised Swiss Rules of International Arbitration: An Overview of the Major Changes”, ASA Bulletin, (Association Suisse de l'Arbitrage; Kluwer Law International 2012, Volume 30 Issue 2), (s. 269 – 311).
• HABSCHEID, Walter J., “Das neue schweizerische Recht der internationalen Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit nach dem Bundesgesetz über das Internationale Privatrecht”, RIW, Heft 10, 34. Jahrgang, 1988, (s. 766-772).
• HOUZHI, Tang, “Is There an Expanding Culture that Favors Combining Arbitration with Conciliation or Other ADR Procedures?”, in Albert Jan van den Berg (ed), International Dispute Resolution: Towards an International Arbitration Culture, ICCA Congress Series, Volume 8 (Kluwer Law International; Kluwer Law International 1998), (s. 101 – 120).
• HOFBAUER, Simone, 'Chapter 1, Part I: History of Arbitration', in Manuel Arroyo (ed), Arbitration in Switzerland: The Practitioner's Guide, (Kluwer Law International; Kluwer Law International 2013), (s. 3-16).
• IŞIK, Serpil, “Mediation As An Alternative Dispute Resolution Method and Mediation Process in Turkish Law System: An Overwiev”, Annales de la Faculté de Droit d’Istanbul, vol. 48, no. 65, 2017, (s. 55-87).
• JERMINI, Cesare / BERNARDONI, Nicola, “Chapter 1, Part II: Domestic Arbitration under the New Swiss Code of Civil Procedure”, in Manuel Arroyo (ed), Arbitration in Switzerland: The Practitioner's Guide, (Kluwer Law International; Kluwer Law International 2013), (s. 17 – 23).
• KEKEÇ, Elif Kısmet, Arabuluculuk Kanunu Yoluyla Uyuşmazlık Çözümünde Temel Aşamalar ve Taktikler, 3. Bası, Ankara, 2016 (Anılış: “Arabuluculuk”)
• KEKEÇ, Elif Kısmet, Arabuluculukta Gizliliğin Korunması, İstanbul, On İki Levha Yayıncılık A.Ş., 2013 (Anılış: “Gizlilik”)
• LACK, Jeremy, Civil & Commercial Mediation in Switzerland, (s. 1-11) Çevrimiçi: https://www.swissarbitration.org/files/489/J%20%20Lack%20-- %20Civil%20and%20Commercial%20Mediation%20in%20Switzerland.pdf(Erişim Tarihi: 28.2.2019) (Anılış: “Switzerland”).
• LACK, Jeremy, “The New Swiss Rules of Commercial Mediation of the Swiss Chambers of Commerce and Industry”: Possible Links to Arbitration, (s. 105-124) Çevrimiçi: https://www.swissarbitration.org/files/489/jl_2008_Swiss_Rules_Commercial_Mediation.pdf. (Anılış: “Swiss Rules”).
• LEE, Jaime Alison / GIESLER, Carl, “Confidaliality in Mediation”, Harvard Negotiation Law Review, Vol. 3: 285, Spring 1998, s. 285-297. MEIER, Isaak, “Mediation and Conciliation in Switzerland”, (s. 1-19). Çevrimiçi: https://www.uzh.ch/175jahre/fakultaeten/recht/fachbereiche/zprschkg/Dokumente/report_medi ation_eng.pdf
• MEYER, Bernhard F. / VOCK, Dominik, in: Torggler, Helwig; Mohs, Florian; Schäfer, Friederike; Wong, Venüs Valentina (Hrsg.): Handbuch Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit, Deutschland – Österreich – Schweiz, 2. Aufl., Nomos Verlag; Verlag Österreich GmbH, Schulthess, Wien, 2017.
• NAMLI, Mert: “Belçika Hukukunda Arabuluculuk Sistemi”, Arabuluculuk Sempozyumu, İstanbul, Türkiye, 11 Aralık 2008, (s. 99-123). ÖZBEK, Mustafa Serdar, Alternatif Uyuşmazlık Çözümü, Genişletilmiş 2. Bs., Ankara, Yetkin Yayınları, 2009.
• ÖZMUMCU, Seda, “Arabulucunun Rolü Kolaylaştırıcı ve Değerlendirici Arabuluculuk”, İstanbul Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Mecmuası (İÜHFM), C. 73, S. 1, 2013, (s. 1369-1389).
• PATOCCHI, Paolo Michele: “National Report for Switzerland (2017)”, in Jan Paulsson and Lise Bosman (eds), ICCA International Handbook on Commercial Arbitration, (Kluwer Law International; Kluwer Law International 1984, Supplement No. 95, July 2017), (s. 1-98).
• PEKCANITEZ, Hakan, Alternatif Uyuşmazlık Çözümleri, Hukuki Perspektifler Dergisi (HPD), Kasım 2005, (s. 12-16).
• PETILLON, R. Lee: “Recent Developments in Alternative Dispute Resolution”, Pepperdine Law Review, Vol. 14, Issue 4 (1987), (s. 929-942).
• PFISTERER, Stefanie in: Berner Kommentar, Stacher, Marco (Hrsg.): Kommentar zum schweizerischen Privatrecht, Schweizerische Zivilprozessordnung, Band III Art. 353-399 ZPO, Art. 407 ZPO, Bern, Switzerland, Stämpfli Verlag AG, 2014.
• REDFERN, Alan / HUNTER, Martin / BLACKABY, Nigel / PARTASIDES QC, Constantine, Redfern And Hunter On International Arbitration (Student Version), 6th Edition, United States Of America, Oxford University Press, 2015.
• RUEDE Thomas / HADENFELDT, Reimer, Schweizerisches Schiedsgerichtsrecht: nach Konkordat und IPRG, 2. Auflage, Zürich, Schulthess Polygraphischer Verlag, 1993.
• SCALISE, G. David / ENGELS, E. Jeffrey, “Alternative Dispute Resolutions: a Commercial Guide for Dispute Management”, Advocates’ Quarterly, Vol. 9, Issue 1 (February 1988), (s. 53-76).
• STIPANOWICH, Thomas J., “The International Evolution of Mediation: A Call for Dialogue and Deliberation”, (Pepperdine University Legal Studies Research Paper No. 2016/1), (46) Victoria University of Wellington Law Review (VUWLR) 1191 (2015), (s. 1191-1246).
• SWINSON, Sidney K., Alternative Dispute Resolution ın Bankruptcy, Tulsa Law Journal, Vol. 36, Issue 4 (Summer 2001), (s. 813-818).
• ŞANLI Cemal / ESEN Emre / ATAMAN-FİGANMEŞE, İnci, Milletlerarası Özel Hukuk, 6. Bs., İstanbul, Vedat Kitapçılık, 2018.
• ŞANLI, Cemal, Uluslararası Ticari Akitlerin Hazırlanması ve Uyuşmazlıkların Çözüm Yolları, 6. Bs., İstanbul, Beta Basım, 2016.
• TANRIVER, Süha, “Hukuk Uyuşmazlıkları Bağlamında Alternatif Uyuşmazlık Çözüm Yolları ve Özellikle Arabuluculuk”, TBBD, Mayıs-Haziran, 2006, s. 151-177.
• TAŞPOLAT-TUĞSAVUL, Türk Hukukunda Arabuluculuk (6325 sayılı Hukuk Uyuşmazlıklarında Arabuluculuk Kanunu Çerçevesinde), Ankara, Yetkin Basım Yayım ve Dağıtım A.Ş., 2012.
• WIEBECKE, Martin, “Switzerland” in: Carter, James H. (Ed.), The International Arbitration Review, Seventh Edition, United Kingdom, Law Business Research Ltd., 2016, (s. 500-516).
• YEŞİLIRMAK, Ali, Doğrudan Görüşme, Arabuluculuk, Hakem-Bilirkişilik ve Tahkim (Türkiye’de Ticari Hayatın ve Yatırım Ortamının İyileştirilmesi İçin Uyuşmazlıkların Etkin Çözümünde), İstanbul, On İki Levha Yayıncılık, 2011.
• https://www.kluwerlawonline.com/
• https://home.heinonline.org/