Safety Issue at Home: What is Mothers’ Concern, What They Do, and What They Need?

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 3, 260 - 271, 30.11.2021

Durmuş Aslan , Meltem Emen

Abstract

Infants and toddlers are the most vulnerable group of children. Families have different levels of concern about injury prevention. Therefore, the precautions they take may differ from one family to another. In Turkey, there is a lack of injury prevention programs for children. This situation exposes children to dangers. This study describes what types of injuries mothers are concerned about their children, what they do about injury prevention, and which information they need to keep their children safe. Results showed that while most mothers saw their children’s potential of injury as moderate or high, they felt competent to protect them. On the other hand, a significant number of mothers still had problems such as leaving their children alone in the kitchen and not taking precautions access to hot objects. Mothers needed the safety information most were first aid and safety rules.

Keywords

child safety, injury, parent perceptions, prevention, safety at home

References

• Ablewhite, J., Peel, I., McDaid, L., Hawkins, A., Goodenough, T., Deave, T., ... & Kendrick, D. (2015). Parental perceptions of barriers and facilitators to preventing child unintentional injuries within the home: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health, 15(1), 1-9.
• Aitken, M. E., Mele, N., & Barrett, K. W. (2004). Recovery of injured children: parent perspectives on family needs. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 85(4), 567-573.
• Altuntaş, M., Kaya, M., Demir, Ş., Oyman, G., Metecan, A., & Rastgel, H. (2013). Determination of preventable accidents in children between the ages of 0-14 and taking measures associated with them. Smyrna Medical Journal, 1, 28-3.
• Çaylan N, Yalçın SS, Tezel B, & Aydın, Ş. (2021). Evaluation of injury-related under-five mortality in Turkey between 2014-2017. The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics, 63, 37-47.
• Drago, D. A. (2005). Kitchen scalds and thermal burns in children five years and younger. Pediatrics, 115(1), 10-16. El Seifi, O. S., Mortada, E. M., & Abdo, N. M. (2018). Effect of a community-based intervention on knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy toward home injuries among Egyptian rural mothers having preschool children. Plus One, 13(6), e0198964.
• Gärling, A., & Gärling, T. (1995). Mothers' anticipation and prevention of unintentional injury to young children in the home. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 20(1), 23-36.
• Glik, D., Kronenfeld, J., & Jackson, K. (1991). Predictors of risk perceptions of childhood injury among parents of preschoolers. Health Education Quarterly, 18(3), 285-301.
• Hogan, C. M., Weaver, N. L., Cioni, C., Fry, J., Hamilton, A., & Thompson, S. (2018). Parental perceptions, risks, and incidence of pediatric unintentional injuries. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 44(3), 267-273.
• Hu, X., Wesson, D., Parkin, P., & Rootman, I. (1996). Pediatric injuries: parental knowledge, attitudes, and needs. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 87(2), 101-105.
• Huynh, H. T., Demeter, N. E., Burke, R. V., & Upperman, J. S. (2017). The role of adult perceptions and supervision behavior in preventing child injury. Journal of Community Health, 42(4), 649-655.
• Kemp, A. M., Jones, S., Lawson, Z., & Maguire, S. A. (2014). Patterns of burns and scalds in children. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 99(4), 316-321. Lafta, R. K., Al-Shatari, S. A., & Abass, S. (2014). Mothers' knowledge of domestic accident prevention involving children in Baghdad City. Qatar Medical Journal, 2013(2), 17.
• Landen, M. G., Bauer, U., & Kohn, M. (2003). Inadequate supervision as a cause of injury deaths among young children in Alaska and Louisiana. Pediatrics, 111(2), 328-331.
• Ministry of Health. (2020). General Directorate of Public Health Child Safety Ensuring Program. Retrieved November, 15, 2021, from https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/tr/cocukergensgp1 /sagl%C4%B1g%C4%B1ngelisitirlmesi/%C3%A7ocuk%C3%BCvenli%C4%9Fininsa %C4%9Flanmas%C4 %B1-program%C4%B 1.html
• Mock, C., Quansah, R., Krishnan, R., Arreola-Risa, C., & Rivara, F. (2004). Strengthening the prevention and care of injuries worldwide. The Lancet, 363(9427), 2172-2179.
• Morrongiello, B. A., Bell, M., Park, K., & Pogrebtsova, K. (2016). Evaluation of the Safety Detective program: A classroom-based intervention to increase kindergarten children’s understanding of home safety hazards and injury-risk behaviors to avoid. Prevention Science, 17(1), 102-111.
• Morrongiello, B. A., & Kiriakou, S. (2004). Mothers' home-safety practices for preventing six types of childhood injuries: what do they do, and why?. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 29(4), 285-297.
• Morrongiello, B. A., Ondejko, L., & Littlejohn, A. (2004). Understanding toddlers’ in-home injuries: II. Examining parental strategies, and their efficacy, for managing child injury risk. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 29(6), 433-446. Morrongiello, B. A., Walpole, B., & McArthur, B. A. (2009). Brief report: Young children's risk of unintentional injury: A comparison of mothers’ and fathers’ supervision beliefs and reported practices. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 34(10), 1063-1068.
• Nageh, H., El-Raouf, A., & El-Mouty, A. (2020). Mothers' knowledge and subjective practice toward most common domestic injuries among under-five children. Mansoura Nursing Journal, 7(1), 17-35.
• Nilsen, P., Hudson, D. S., Kullberg, A., Timpka, T., Ekman, R., & Lindqvist, K. (2004). Making sense of safety. Injury Prevention, 10(2), 71-73.
• Peden, M., Oyegbite, K., Ozanne-Smith, J., Hyder, A. A., Branche, C., Rahman, A. K. M. F., ... & Bartolomeos, K. (2008). World report on child injury prevention (Vol. 2008). Geneva: World Health Organization.
• Sellström, E., Bremberg, S., Gärling, A., & Olof Hörnquist, J. (2000). Risk of childhood injury: predictors of mothers' perceptions. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 28(3), 188- 193.
• Saris, W. E., & Gallhofer, I. N. (2014). Design, evaluation, and analysis of questionnaires for survey research. John Wiley & Sons. Santagati, G., Vezzosi, L., & Angelillo, I. F. (2016). Unintentional injuries in children up to six years of age and related parental knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors in Italy. The Journal of pediatrics, 177, 267-272.
• Siu, G., Batte, A., Tibingana, B., Otwombe, K., Sekiwunga, R., & Paichadze, N. (2019). Mothers’ perception of childhood injuries, child supervision and care practices for children 0–5 years in a peri-urban area in Central Uganda; implications for prevention of childhood injuries. Injury Epidemiology, 6(1), 1-7.
• Smithson, J., Garside, R., & Pearson, M. (2011). Barriers to, and facilitators of, the prevention of unintentional injury in children in the home: a systematic review and synthesis of qualitative research. Injury Prevention, 17(2), 119-126.
• Turkish Statistical Institute. (2017). Statistics of the cause of death. Retrieved October 8, 2020, from: http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=27620
• Vincenten, J. A., Sector, M. J., Rogmans, W., & Bouter, L. (2005). Parents' perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors towards child safety: a study in 14 European countries. International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 12(3), 183-189.
• Vladutiu, C. J., Nansel, T. R., Weaver, N. L., Jacobsen, H. A., & Kreuter, M. W. (2006). Differential strength of association of child injury prevention attitudes and beliefs on practices: a case for audience segmentation. Injury Prevention, 12(1), 35-40.
• Wang, L., Gao, Y., Yin, P., Cheng, P., Liu, Y., Schwebel, D. C., ... & Hu, G. (2019). Under-five mortality from unintentional suffocation in China, 2006-2016. Journal of Global Health, 9(1).
• World Health Organization. (2008). European report on child injury prevention. Retrieved March,8, 2021 from:https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/326500/9789289 042956-eng.pdf
• Yıldırım N, Kubilay G. (2016). The effectiveness of the home accident prevention program for children aged 1-4. Journal of Hacettepe University Faculty of Nursing, 3, 1-13.
• Yurt Ö, Keleş S. (2019). Investigation of injury risk behaviors of 4–5-year-old children in terms of gender, type of injury, and context. Acıbadem Journal of Health Sciences, 10, 581-588.