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Tasavvuf Sanat İlişkisi Bağlamında Şeyh Safiyyüddîn Dergâhı

Year 2020, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 99 - 148, 30.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.33201/iranian.649461

Abstract

Şeyh Safiyyüddîn, tarikatının merkezini Erdebil’de kurmuş ve mühim bir mensup kitlesine sahip olmuş bir mutasavvıftır. Onun vefatının ardından defnedildiği Şeyh Safiyyüddîn türbesi ve dergâhı, Safevî mimarisi ve sanatının en görkemli eserlerinin ortaya çıkmasına vesile olmuş önemli bir yapılar bütünüdür. Safevîyye tarikatı bu bağlamda sadece mistik bir akım ve dini düşünce sistemi olmaktan ziyade incelenmeye değer bir kültürel oluşum nüvesidir. Safevîlerin tarihi boyunca gelişim ve değişim yaşayan bu tarikatın şeyh ve şahların ortaklığında yürütülen idaresi Şeyh Safiyyüddîn Dergâhının törensel ve mimari düzenlerinde de görünür kılınmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu araştırmanın konusunu oluşturan tasavvuf ve sanat ilişkisi bağlamında ortaya çıkan ve gelişen Şeyh Safi Türbesi ve Dergâhı şimdiye değin dini, sosyal ve siyasi açılardan incelenmiş olup bu dergâhın devrin ve sonrası dönemlerin sanat ortamına yansımaları yeterince değerlendirilmemiştir. Bu makalenin temel hedefi Şeyh Safiyyüddîn Türbe ve Dergâhının Safevi tarihi boyunca yapılaşma süreci ile gördüğü himayeyi mimari yapılar bağlamında değerlendirmektir. Ayrıca makalede Şeyh Safiyyüddîn Dergâhı kapsamında Safevîlerin inançsal kodlarını sanatsal köken aracılığıyla nasıl aktardığını ortaya koymak hedeflenmiştir.

References

  • Anar Gürkan, A.Damla. “Safevi Şahlarının Baniliği Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme”, İran Çalışmaları Dergı̇si, c.1, s. 1 (2017), 117-143.
  • Blair, Sheila. "Texts, Inscriptions and the Ardabil Carpets". in Iran and Iranian Studies: Essays in honor of Iraj Afshar, ed. K. Eslami, Princeton: nJ: Zagros Press, 1998, 137-47.
  • Çelenk, Mehmet .16 ve 17. Yüzyıllarda Safevi Şiîliği. Doktora Tezi, Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2005.
  • Golombek, Lisa and Wilber, Donald. The Timurid Architecture of Iran and Turan. Princeton, 1988.
  • Golombek, Lisa. "The Cult of Saints and Shrine Architecture in the Fourteenth Century" in Near Eastern Numismatic, Iconography, Epigraphy and History, ed. D. K. Kouymjian, Beirut, 1974, 419- 430.
  • Gronke, Monika. Derwische im Vorhof der Macht: Sozial-und Wirtschafttsgeschichte Nordwestirans im 13. und 14. Jahrhundert. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner, 1993. Hillenbrand, Robert. Safavid Art and Architecture. London, 1998.
  • Kara, Mustafa. “Tekke”, Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi, c. 40: 368-370, İstanbul:TDV Yay., 2011.
  • Kishwar, Rizvi. “Transformations in Early Safavid Architecture: The Shrine of Shaykh Safi al-din Ishaq Ardabili in Iran (1501-1629)”, PhD diss., University of Harvard, 2000.
  • Kishwar, Rizvi. "The Imperial Setting: Shah Abbas at the Safavid Shrine of Shaykh Safi in Ardabil." In Safavid Art and Architecture. Edited by Sheila R. Canby. London: The British Museum Press, 2002, 9-15.
  • Kishwar, Rizvi. The Safavid Dynastic Shrine: Architecture, Religion and Power in Early Modern Iran, New York 2011.
  • Musalı, Namiq. “Şeyh Safi Velâyetnâmesi: Tahkiki ve Transkripsiyonu”, Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaşı Veli Araştırmaları Dergisi, (2017), 163-193.
  • Öngören, Reşad. “Safeviyye”, Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi, 35: 460-462, İstanbul:TDV Yayınları, 2008.
  • Özgüdenli, Osman G. “Şeyh Safîu’d-dîn Erdebîlî’nin Türbesinde Bulunan Kitaplar”. Türklük Araştırmaları Dergisi, s.10, (2001), 43-56.
  • Sarre, Friedric. Denkmäler Persischer Baukunst. Berlin, 1924.
  • Pope, Arthur Upham. Chinese Porcelains from the Ardebil Shrine. New York, 1956.
  • Shiran, Habib Shahbazi .“Archeology and Architectural Aesthetics of Jannat-sara Mosque and Haramkhana, two buildings located within the monument Sheikh Safi al-din Ardabili, Ardabil world heritage, in Iran”. Research Journal of Recent Sciences, Vol. 4(9), (2015), 97-106.
  • Shiran, Habib Shahbazi, Mammadova, Ilhama. “Archaeology, Art and Architecture "Chini Khaneh" and "Haram Khana". Journal of Multidisciplinary Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST), Vol. 1 Issue 5, (2014), 129-134.
  • Sussan, Babaie. “Building on the Past: the Shaping of Safavid Architecture, 1501-76”, Safavid Art and Architecture, ed. Sheila Canby, Londra 2002.
  • Tanman, Baha. “Asitane”, Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi, c. 3: 485-487, TDV Yay., İstanbul, 1991.
  • Tanman, Baha. “Darülkurra”. Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi, cilt.8: 545-548, TDV Yay., İstanbul, 1993.
  • Unesco. Sheıkh Safı Al-Dın Khanegah And Shrıne Ensemble In Ardabıl.Tehran: 2009.
  • Walther, Hinz. Uzun Hasan ve Şeyh Cüneyd. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Bas., 1992.
  • Yousefi, Hassan, Sola, Mohammad Alizadeh, Tavousi, Mahmoud. “Reconsidering the Architecture of Shaikh Safi al-Din Ardabili's Shrine: New Findings in Archeological Excavations at Janat Sara Site”, Intl. J. Humanities, Vol. 20 (1), (2013), 49-67.
  • Zarinebaf-Shahr, Fariba. "Economic Activities of Safavid Women in the Shrine-City of Ardabil", Iranian Studies 31/2 (1998), 247-261.
  • Google. Olerius Adam. http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/olearius-adam. Erişim tarihi: 05.06.2019.
  • Google. Della Valle Pietro. http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/search/keywords:DELLA%20VALLE,%20PIETRO, Erişim tarihi: 07.07.2019
  • Google.Şahnişin.https://sozluk.gov.tr/?kelime=%C5%9EAHN%C4%B0%C5%9E%C4%B0N, Erişim tarihi: 15.07,2019.

Sheikh Safi Al-Din Khanegah And Shrine in The Context of Sûfîsm Art Relationship

Year 2020, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 99 - 148, 30.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.33201/iranian.649461

Abstract

Sheikh Safi al-Din is a mystic Islamic scholar who established the center of his sect in Ardabil and had a significant audience members.After his death, the tomb and khanegah of the Sheikh Safi al-Din has led to the emergence of the most magnificent works in Safavid architecture and art. In this context, the Safaviyyah sect is not only a mystical movement and a religious system of thought, but rather an important core of cultural formation. The administration of this sect was carried out in partnership with the sheikhs and the shah, which has developed and changed throughout the history of the Safavids, was made visible in the ceremonial and architectural arrangements of the Sheikh Safi al-Din Khaneghah. The subject of this research is Sheikh Safi al-Din Khanegah and Shrine which emerged and developed in the context of the relationship between mysticism and art. This complex has been examined from a religious, social and political point of view so far, and the reflections of this journal to the art environment of the period and the aftermath have not been sufficiently evaluated. However, the reflections of this khanegah on the art scene of the period and after periods were not evaluated sufficiently. The main aim of this article is to evaluate Sheikh Safi al-Din’s Khanegah and Shrine protection and architectural structures during the Safavid history. Also, in the article, it is another goal to reveal how Safavid transfers his belief codes through artistic origin within the scope of Sheikh Safi al-Din Lodge.

References

  • Anar Gürkan, A.Damla. “Safevi Şahlarının Baniliği Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme”, İran Çalışmaları Dergı̇si, c.1, s. 1 (2017), 117-143.
  • Blair, Sheila. "Texts, Inscriptions and the Ardabil Carpets". in Iran and Iranian Studies: Essays in honor of Iraj Afshar, ed. K. Eslami, Princeton: nJ: Zagros Press, 1998, 137-47.
  • Çelenk, Mehmet .16 ve 17. Yüzyıllarda Safevi Şiîliği. Doktora Tezi, Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2005.
  • Golombek, Lisa and Wilber, Donald. The Timurid Architecture of Iran and Turan. Princeton, 1988.
  • Golombek, Lisa. "The Cult of Saints and Shrine Architecture in the Fourteenth Century" in Near Eastern Numismatic, Iconography, Epigraphy and History, ed. D. K. Kouymjian, Beirut, 1974, 419- 430.
  • Gronke, Monika. Derwische im Vorhof der Macht: Sozial-und Wirtschafttsgeschichte Nordwestirans im 13. und 14. Jahrhundert. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner, 1993. Hillenbrand, Robert. Safavid Art and Architecture. London, 1998.
  • Kara, Mustafa. “Tekke”, Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi, c. 40: 368-370, İstanbul:TDV Yay., 2011.
  • Kishwar, Rizvi. “Transformations in Early Safavid Architecture: The Shrine of Shaykh Safi al-din Ishaq Ardabili in Iran (1501-1629)”, PhD diss., University of Harvard, 2000.
  • Kishwar, Rizvi. "The Imperial Setting: Shah Abbas at the Safavid Shrine of Shaykh Safi in Ardabil." In Safavid Art and Architecture. Edited by Sheila R. Canby. London: The British Museum Press, 2002, 9-15.
  • Kishwar, Rizvi. The Safavid Dynastic Shrine: Architecture, Religion and Power in Early Modern Iran, New York 2011.
  • Musalı, Namiq. “Şeyh Safi Velâyetnâmesi: Tahkiki ve Transkripsiyonu”, Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaşı Veli Araştırmaları Dergisi, (2017), 163-193.
  • Öngören, Reşad. “Safeviyye”, Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi, 35: 460-462, İstanbul:TDV Yayınları, 2008.
  • Özgüdenli, Osman G. “Şeyh Safîu’d-dîn Erdebîlî’nin Türbesinde Bulunan Kitaplar”. Türklük Araştırmaları Dergisi, s.10, (2001), 43-56.
  • Sarre, Friedric. Denkmäler Persischer Baukunst. Berlin, 1924.
  • Pope, Arthur Upham. Chinese Porcelains from the Ardebil Shrine. New York, 1956.
  • Shiran, Habib Shahbazi .“Archeology and Architectural Aesthetics of Jannat-sara Mosque and Haramkhana, two buildings located within the monument Sheikh Safi al-din Ardabili, Ardabil world heritage, in Iran”. Research Journal of Recent Sciences, Vol. 4(9), (2015), 97-106.
  • Shiran, Habib Shahbazi, Mammadova, Ilhama. “Archaeology, Art and Architecture "Chini Khaneh" and "Haram Khana". Journal of Multidisciplinary Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST), Vol. 1 Issue 5, (2014), 129-134.
  • Sussan, Babaie. “Building on the Past: the Shaping of Safavid Architecture, 1501-76”, Safavid Art and Architecture, ed. Sheila Canby, Londra 2002.
  • Tanman, Baha. “Asitane”, Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi, c. 3: 485-487, TDV Yay., İstanbul, 1991.
  • Tanman, Baha. “Darülkurra”. Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi, cilt.8: 545-548, TDV Yay., İstanbul, 1993.
  • Unesco. Sheıkh Safı Al-Dın Khanegah And Shrıne Ensemble In Ardabıl.Tehran: 2009.
  • Walther, Hinz. Uzun Hasan ve Şeyh Cüneyd. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Bas., 1992.
  • Yousefi, Hassan, Sola, Mohammad Alizadeh, Tavousi, Mahmoud. “Reconsidering the Architecture of Shaikh Safi al-Din Ardabili's Shrine: New Findings in Archeological Excavations at Janat Sara Site”, Intl. J. Humanities, Vol. 20 (1), (2013), 49-67.
  • Zarinebaf-Shahr, Fariba. "Economic Activities of Safavid Women in the Shrine-City of Ardabil", Iranian Studies 31/2 (1998), 247-261.
  • Google. Olerius Adam. http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/olearius-adam. Erişim tarihi: 05.06.2019.
  • Google. Della Valle Pietro. http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/search/keywords:DELLA%20VALLE,%20PIETRO, Erişim tarihi: 07.07.2019
  • Google.Şahnişin.https://sozluk.gov.tr/?kelime=%C5%9EAHN%C4%B0%C5%9E%C4%B0N, Erişim tarihi: 15.07,2019.
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Ayşe Ersay Yüksel 0000-0002-0314-6182

Publication Date June 30, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Ersay Yüksel, A. (2020). Tasavvuf Sanat İlişkisi Bağlamında Şeyh Safiyyüddîn Dergâhı. İran Çalışmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 99-148. https://doi.org/10.33201/iranian.649461

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