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İslamofobi, Yabancı Düşmanlığı ve Irkçılık

Year 2022, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 25 - 32, 15.12.2022

Abstract

İslamofobi terimi; İslam ve Müslüman karşıtı duygulara dikkat çekmek için tedavüle sokulan
açıklayıcı bir kavramdır. Akademik literatürde yabancı düşmanlığına yönelik davranış
ve retoriklerin analizine dair gittikçe yükselen eğimim gözlenmektedir. İslamofobiyi
besleyen ve özellikle Batı dünyasında yükselen bu negatif eğilimin tarihi, sosyal, siyasal
ve psikolojik nedenleri ve sonuçları bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma bu yönüyle İslamofobi ya
da İslam’dan duyulan korkuya dair literatür araştırması içermektedir. İslamofobiyi ve nasıl
tezahür ettiğini anlamak için öncelikle yabancı düşmanlığı kavramı incelenmiştir. İslamofobinin
yabancı düşmanlığının (Xenofobia) nın özel bir türü olduğu ancak belli koşularda
bu hususu aşan içerimler taşıdığı da araştırmada yer almaktadır. Yabancı düşmanlığı
ve İslam karşıtlığı üzerine global düzeyde hatırı sayılır bir literatürünü oluşmuştur. Batı
toplumlarında müşahede edilen islamofobi olgusunun yine buralarda yaygın olan yabancı
düşmanlığı, ırkçılık ve yerelcilik gibi kavramlar arasında güçlü bağlar olduğu tespitine yer
verilmiştir.

References

  • Bleich, E. (2012, January). Defining and researching Islamophobia. Review of Middle East Studies. 46(2). 180-189.
  • Darwin, C. (1859). On the origin of species: Or, the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: Down, Bromley, Kent.
  • Fanon, F. (1959/2008). Black skin/White masks. New York: Grove Press.
  • Galton, F. (1904). Eugenics: Its definition, scope, and aims. American Journal of Sociology. 10(1). 1–25.
  • Gellner, E. (1995). Nationalism and xenophobia. In B. Baumgartl and A. Favell (Eds.), New xenophobia in Europe (pp. 6–9). London: Kluwer Law International.
  • Guia, A. (2016). The concept of nativism and anti-immigrant sentiments in Europe. EUI Working Paper, MWP 2016/20. San Domenico di Fiesoli, Italy: European University Institute.
  • Halliday, F. (1996). Islam and the myth of confrontation: Religion and politics in the Middle East. London: I.B. Tauris.
  • Halliday, F. (1999). ‘Islamophobia’ reconsidered. Ethnic and Racial Studies. 22(5). 892–90.
  • Higham, J. (1988). Strangers in the land. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
  • Pearson, K. (1905). National life from the standpoint of science. London: Adam and Black Runnymede Trust (1997). Islamophobia: A challenge for us all. London: Runnymede Trust.
  • Said, E. (1978). Orientalism. London: Penguin.
  • Taras, R. (2012). Xenophobia and Islamophobia in Europe. UK:Edinburgh University Press.
  • Tucker, W. H. (1996). The science and politics of racial research. Urbana Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press
  • Yakushko, O., & Blodgett, E. (2018). Immigration. Handbook of Multicultural Psychology.
  • Yılmaz A. & Geylani, D. (2021). Post Truth (Hakikat Sonrası), Global Siyaset ve Türkiye: Metodolojik Bir Yaklaşım. In Yılmaz, A. &Bağcı İ. Teoriden Pratiğe Türkiye Siyaseti (pp.15- 51). Liberte Yayın Grubu. Ankara.

Islamophobia, Xenophobia, and Racism

Year 2022, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 25 - 32, 15.12.2022

Abstract

The term Islamophobia; It is an explanatory concept introduced to draw attention to Islam
and anti-Muslim sentiments. In the academic literature, there is an increasing inclination
towards the analysis of xenophobic behavior and rhetoric. This negative trend, which feeds
Islamophobia and rises especially in the Western world, has historical, social, political and
psychological causes and consequences. In this respect, this study includes literature research
on Islamophobia or the fear of Islam. In order to understand Islamophobia and how
it manifests, the concept of xenophobia is examined first. It is also included in the research
that Islamophobia is a special type of xenophobia, but under certain conditions it has implications
that go beyond this issue. There is a considerable literature on xenophobia and
anti-Islam at the global level. It has been determined that the phenomenon of Islamiphobia,
which is observed in Western societies, has strong links between concepts such as xenophobia,
racism and localism, which are also common in these countries.

Ethical Statement

This paper contains elements of presentation notes submitted to the 8th ILN Conference on November 5th and 6th.

References

  • Bleich, E. (2012, January). Defining and researching Islamophobia. Review of Middle East Studies. 46(2). 180-189.
  • Darwin, C. (1859). On the origin of species: Or, the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: Down, Bromley, Kent.
  • Fanon, F. (1959/2008). Black skin/White masks. New York: Grove Press.
  • Galton, F. (1904). Eugenics: Its definition, scope, and aims. American Journal of Sociology. 10(1). 1–25.
  • Gellner, E. (1995). Nationalism and xenophobia. In B. Baumgartl and A. Favell (Eds.), New xenophobia in Europe (pp. 6–9). London: Kluwer Law International.
  • Guia, A. (2016). The concept of nativism and anti-immigrant sentiments in Europe. EUI Working Paper, MWP 2016/20. San Domenico di Fiesoli, Italy: European University Institute.
  • Halliday, F. (1996). Islam and the myth of confrontation: Religion and politics in the Middle East. London: I.B. Tauris.
  • Halliday, F. (1999). ‘Islamophobia’ reconsidered. Ethnic and Racial Studies. 22(5). 892–90.
  • Higham, J. (1988). Strangers in the land. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
  • Pearson, K. (1905). National life from the standpoint of science. London: Adam and Black Runnymede Trust (1997). Islamophobia: A challenge for us all. London: Runnymede Trust.
  • Said, E. (1978). Orientalism. London: Penguin.
  • Taras, R. (2012). Xenophobia and Islamophobia in Europe. UK:Edinburgh University Press.
  • Tucker, W. H. (1996). The science and politics of racial research. Urbana Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press
  • Yakushko, O., & Blodgett, E. (2018). Immigration. Handbook of Multicultural Psychology.
  • Yılmaz A. & Geylani, D. (2021). Post Truth (Hakikat Sonrası), Global Siyaset ve Türkiye: Metodolojik Bir Yaklaşım. In Yılmaz, A. &Bağcı İ. Teoriden Pratiğe Türkiye Siyaseti (pp.15- 51). Liberte Yayın Grubu. Ankara.
There are 15 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Political Science (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Alim Yılmaz

Didem Geylani 0000-0002-4865-1975

Publication Date December 15, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 7 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Yılmaz, A., & Geylani, D. (2022). Islamophobia, Xenophobia, and Racism. Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(2), 25-32.